Mhando dzekemotherapy

Chemotherapy ndiko kushandiswa kwemushonga kurapa gomarara. Chemotherapy inouraya cancer maseru. Inogona kushandiswa kurapa kenza, kubatsira kuti isapararira, kana kuderedza zviratidzo.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanhu vanorapwa nemhando imwechete yekemotherapy. Asi kazhinji, vanhu vanowana inopfuura imwechete mhando yekemotherapy panguva. Izvi zvinobatsira kurwisa gomarara nenzira dzakasiyana.

Targeted therapy uye immunotherapy mimwe mishonga yekenza inoshandisa mushonga kurapa gomarara.

Standard chemotherapy inoshanda nekuuraya cancer maseru uye mamwe akajairwa maseru. Targeted kurapwa uye immunotherapy zero mune zvakanangwa zvinangwa (mamorekuru) mukati kana pane cancer maseru.

Rudzi uye dhizaini yekemotherapy chiremba wako anokupa zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda zvakasiyana, zvinosanganisira:

• Rudzi rwecancer rauinaro
• Ikoko kenza yakatanga kuratidzika mumuviri wako
• Zvinoonekwa nemasero ekenza pasi pe microscope
• Kunyangwe kenza yapararira
• Zera rako uye hutano huzhinji

Maseru ese mumuviri anokura nekuparadzaniswa kuita maviri maseru, kana kupatsanura. Vamwe vanopatsanura kugadzirisa kukuvara mumuviri. Gomarara rinoitika kana chimwe chinhu chichiita kuti maseru apatsanuke uye akure kunze kwekudzora. Vanoramba vachikura kuita hombe yemasero, kana bundu.

Chemotherapy inorwisa kupatsanura masero. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvinonyanya kuuraya maseru ekenza kupfuura masero akajairwa. Mimwe mhando yekemotherapy inokanganisa magene ari mukati mechitokisi anoiudza maitiro ekutevedzera kana kuzvigadzirisa. Mimwe mhando dzinovhara makemikari sero rinoda kukamurwa.

Mamwe maseru akajairika mumuviri anopatsanura kazhinji, senge bvudzi uye maseru eganda. Aya maseru anogona zvakare kuurawa ne chemo. Ndicho chikonzero nei zvichikonzera mhedzisiro senge kurasikirwa nebvudzi. Asi mazhinji maseru akajairika anogona kupora mushure mekurapwa kupera.

Iko kune anopfuura zana zana akasiyana chemotherapy mishonga. Pazasi pane manomwe makuru marudzi e chemotherapy, mhando dzekenza dzavanorapa, uye mienzaniso. Yambiro inosanganisira zvinhu zvinosiana neyakajairwa chemotherapy mhedzisiro.

ALKYLATING AGENTS

Yakashandiswa kurapa:

• Leukemia
• Lymphoma
• Hodgkin chirwere
• Akawanda myeloma
• Sarcoma
• Ubongo
• Cancers yemapapu, chipfuva, uye ovary

Mienzaniso:

• Busulfan (Myleran)
• Cyclophosphamide
• Temozolomide (Temodar)

Chenjedzo:

• Inogona kukuvadza mwongo wefupa, izvo zvinogona kutungamira kune leukemia.

ANTIMETABOLITES

Yakashandiswa kurapa:

• Leukemia
• Kenza yezamu, ovary, uye matumbo turakiti

Mienzaniso:

• 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)
• 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP)
• Capecitabine (Xeloda)
• Gemcitabine

Chenjedzo: Hapana

ANTI-TUMOR ANTIBIOTICS

Yakashandiswa kurapa:

• Mhando dzakawanda dzekenza.

Mienzaniso:

• Dactinomycin (Cosmegen)
• Bleomycin
• Daunorubicin (Cerubidine, Rubidomycin)
• Doxorubicin (Adriamycin PFS, Adriamycin RDF)

Chenjedzo:

• Maitiro akakwirira anogona kukuvadza moyo.

TOPOISOMERASE VANODZIVISA

Yakashandiswa kurapa:

• Leukemia
• Lung, ovarian, gastrointestinal, uye mamwe kanzira

Mienzaniso:

• Etoposide
• Irinotecan (Camptosar)
• Topotecan (Hycamtin)

Chenjedzo:

• Zvimwe zvinogona kuita kuti munhu awedzere kuwana kenza yechipiri, inonzi acute myeloid leukemia, mukati memakore maviri kusvika matatu.

MITOTIC INHIBITORS

Yakashandiswa kurapa:

• Myeloma
• Lymphomas
• Leukemias
• Gomarara repazamu kana remapapu

Mienzaniso:

• Docetaxel (Mutero)
• Eribulin (Halaven)
• Ixabepilone (Ixempra)
• Paclitaxel (Mutero)
• Vinblastine

Chenjedzo:

• Zvimwe zvinokwanisika kupfuura mamwe marudzi ekemotherapy kukonzeresa kukuvara kwenzara.

American Cancer Society webhusaiti. Mashandisiro anoita chemotherapy mishonga. www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/chemotherapy/how-chemotherapy-drugs-work.html. Yakagadziridzwa Mbudzi 22, 2019. Yakasvika paKurume 20, 2020.

Collins JM. Kenza pharmacology. Mune: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 25.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. A kusvika Z rondedzero yekenza zvinodhaka. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs. Yakasvika munaNovember 11, 2019.

• Kenza Chemotherapy