Chibhokisi

Chibhokisi chirwere chakakomba chinopfuudzwa zviri nyore kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu (chinotapukira). Inokonzerwa nehutachiona.

Chibhokisi chinopararira kubva pamunhu kuenda kune mumwe kubva mumadonhwe emate. Inogona zvakare kupararira kubva pamubhedha machira uye zvipfeko. Inonyanya kutapukira mukati mevhiki yekutanga yehutachiona. Inogona kuramba ichitapuriranwa kusvikira mapara kubva kumhanyisa adonha. Utachiona hunogona kuramba huri mupenyu pakati pemaawa matanhatu ne24.

Vanhu vakambodzivirirwa chirwere ichi. Zvisinei, chirwere ichi chakabviswa kubvira 1979. United States yakamira kupa mushonga wechibhokisi wechibhokisi mugore ra1972. Muna 1980, World Health Organisation (WHO) yakakurudzira kuti nyika dzose dzimire kubaya chibhokisi.

Pane mhando mbiri dzechibhokisi.

• Variola chikuru chirwere chakakomba chinogona kutyisidzira hupenyu kune vanhu vasina kubayiwa jekiseni. Yaive nemhosva yekufa kukuru.
• Variola diki hutachiona hwakasimba husingawanzo kukonzera rufu.

Chirongwa chakakura cheWHO chakabvisa hutachiona hwese hwechibhokisi kubva pasi rose muma1970, kunze kwemasampuli mashoma akachengetedzwa pakutsvagirwa nehurumende uye fungidziro yezvipuka. Vatsvakurudzi vanoramba vachikakavadzana kana kuuraya sampuli dzekupedzisira dzehutachiona, kana kuzvichengetedza kuitira kuti pangave nechimwe chikonzero chekudzidza.

Iwe uri mukana wekudziridza chibhokisi kana iwe:

• Ndiwe murabhoritari anobata hutachiona (zvisingawanzo)
• Ari munzvimbo iyo hutachiona hwakaburitswa sechombo chehupenyu

Hazvizivikanwe kuti majekiseni apfuura akapfuura anoshanda zvakadii. Vanhu vakagamuchira mushonga makore mazhinji apfuura vanogona kusakwanisazve kuchengetedzwa kubva kuutachiona.

Njodzi dzehugandanga

Pane kunetsekana kuti hutachiona hwechibhokisi hunogona kupararira sechikamu chekurwisa kwegandanga. Utachiona hunogona kupararira mufomura (aerosol) fomu.

Zviratidzo zvinowanzoitika mazuva gumi nemana kusvika gumi nemana mushure mekunge wabatwa nehutachiona. Zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Musana
• Delirium
• Manyoka
• Kuwedzera kubuda ropa
• Kuneta
• Kupisa zvakanyanya
• Malaise
• Yakasimudzwa pingi inopenya, inoshanduka kuita maronda anova akakora pazuva re8 kana 9
• Musoro wakanyanya
• Kusvotwa uye kurutsa

Miedzo inosanganisira:

• DIC pani
• Platelet kuverenga
• White ropa masero kuverenga

Ongororo dzeLabhoritari dzakakosha dzinogona kushandiswa kuziva hutachiona.

Mushonga wechibhokisi ungadzivirira kurwara kana kudzikisira zviratidzo kana ukapihwa mukati memazuva 1 kana mana mushure mekunge munhu aoneswa chirwere. Pane imwe nguva zviratidzo zvatanga, kurapwa kunogumira.

Muna Chikunguru 2013, 59,000 makosi eantiviral drug tecovirimat akaendeswa neSIGA Technologies kuhurumende yeUnited States Strategic National Stockpile kuti ishandiswe mune zvingangoitika bioterrorism chiitiko. SIGA yakanamatira kuchengetedzwa kwekubhuroka muna 2014.

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona kupihwa hutachiona hunoitika muvanhu vane chibhokisi. Kutora masoja ekudzivirira chirwere chakafanana nechibhokisi (vaccinia immune globulin) kunogona kubatsira kupfupisa nguva yechirwere.

Vanhu vakaonekwa vaine chibhokisi uye vanhu vavanenge vari padhuze nepadhuze vanoda kusarudzika ipapo ipapo. Vanozoda kugamuchira mushonga uye kutariswa zvakanyanya.

Munguva yakapfuura, ichi chaive chirwere chakakura. Ngozi yekufa yaive yakakwira kunge 30%.

Zvinetso zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Arthritis uye hutachiona hutachiona
• Brain kuzvimba (encephalitis)
• Rufu
• Zvirwere zvemaziso
• Chirwere chemabayo
• Kupenga
• Kubuda ropa kwakanyanya
• Zvirwere zveganda (kubva pazvironda)

Kana iwe uchifunga kuti iwe unogona kunge wakambosangana nechibhokisi, bata wako wezvehutano mutapi ipapo. Kukurukurirana nehutachiona hazviite kunze kwekunge iwe wakashanda nehutachiona murabhoritari kana iwe wakaratidzwa kuburikidza nebioterrorism.

Vanhu vazhinji vakabaiwa jekiseni chibhokisi munguva yakapfuura. Mushonga hauchapiwi kuruzhinji. Kana mushonga unodikanwa kupihwa kudzora kuputika, unogona kuve nenjodzi diki yezvinetso. Parizvino, vashandi vemauto chete, vashandi vehutano, uye vanopindura zvechimbichimbi ndivo vanogona kuwana mushonga.

Variola - makuru uye madiki; Variola

• Zvidimbu zvechibhokisi

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. Chibhokisi. www.cdc.gov/smallpox/index.html. Yakagadziridzwa Chikunguru 12, 2017. Yakasvika muna Kubvumbi 17, 2019.

Damon IK. Chibhokisi, monkeypox, nezvimwewo hutachiona hwe poxvirus. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits 372.

Petersen BW, Damon IK. Orthopoxviruses: vaccinia (chibhokisi chidziviriro), variola (chibhokisi), monkeypox, uye cowpox. Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Principles uye Practice yeInfectious Diseases, Yakagadziridzwa Edhisheni. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chits. 135.