Ehrlichiosis

Ehrlichiosis chirwere chehutachiona chinopfuudzwa nekurumwa kwechikwekwe.

Ehrlichiosis inokonzerwa nema bacteria ari emhuri anonzi rickettsiae. Rickettsial bacteria inokonzera huwandu hwezvirwere zvakakomba pasirese, kusanganisira Rocky Mountain yakaonekwa fever uye typhus. Hosha dzese idzi dzinopararira kuvanhu nechikwekwe, nhata, kana mite kuruma.

Masayendisiti akatanga kutsanangura ehrlichiosis muna 1990. Kune mhando mbiri dzechirwere muUnited States:

• Vanhu monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) inokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehuteti Ehrlichia chaffeensis.
• Evanhu granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) inonziwo vanhu granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA). Inokonzereswa nehutachiona hwe rickettsial hunodaidzwa Anaplasma phagocytophilum.

Ehrlichia bacteria inogona kutakurwa ne:

• Imbwa yekuAmerican tick
• Mhembwe nondo (Ixodes scapularis), iyo inogona zvakare kukonzera chirwere cheLyme
• Lone Star chikwekwe

MuUnited States, HME inowanikwa kunyanya kumaodzanyemba epakati uye kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva. HGE inowanikwa kunyanya kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero uye kumusoro Midwest.

Njodzi dzinokonzera ehrlichiosis dzinosanganisira:

• Kugara padyo nenzvimbo ine zvikwekwe zvakawanda
• Kuva nechipfuwo chinogona kuunza chikwekwe kumba
• Kufamba kana kutamba muhuswa hurefu

Iyo incubation nguva iri pakati pekurumwa nekurumwa uye kana zviratidzo zvikaitika ingangoita mazuva manomwe kusvika gumi nemana.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kuita kunge furuwenza (furuwenza), uye zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Fivha uye kutonhora
• Kutemwa nemusoro
• Tsvina inorwadza
• Nausea

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika:

• Manyoka
• Nzvimbo dzakanaka dzemusoro wepini-dzakakura dzekubuda ropa mukati meganda (petechial rash)
• Flat tsvuku mapundu (maculopapular mapundu), izvo zvisingawanzoitika
• Kazhinji kurwara kunzwa (malaise)

Rash inoonekwa mune isingasviki chetatu chezviitiko. Dzimwe nguva, chirwere ichi chinogona kunge chakakanganiswa neRocky Mountain yakaonekwa nefivhiri, kana kuputika kuripo. Zviratidzo zvinowanzo nyoro, asi vanhu dzimwe nguva vanorwara zvakakwana kuti vaone mutano wezvehutano.

Iye mupi achaita bvunzo dzepanyama uye ongorora zviratidzo zvako zvakakosha, zvinosanganisira:

• Ropa kumanikidza
• Mamhanyiro emoyo
• Kupisa

Mimwe bvunzo inosanganisira:

• Yakazara kuverenga ropa (CBC)
• Granulocyte banga
• Yakananga fluorescent antibody bvunzo
• Polymerase cheni reaction (PCR) kuyedzwa kweropa sampuro

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya (tetracycline kana doxycycline) inoshandiswa kurapa chirwere ichi. Vana havafanirwe kutora tetracycline nemuromo kudzamara mazino avo ese asingagumi akura mukati, nekuti anogona kuchinja zvachose ruvara rwemazino ari kukura. Doxycycline iyo inoshandiswa kwemasvondo maviri kana mashoma haigadzikise mazino emwana anogara zvachose. Rifampin yakashandiswawo muvanhu vasingakwanise kutsungirira doxycycline.

Ehrlichiosis haiwanzo kuuraya. Nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, vanhu vanowanzovandudza mukati maawa makumi maviri nemana kusvika makumi mana Kudzoreredza kunogona kutora kusvika kumavhiki matatu.

Pasina kurapwa, hutachiona uhu hungatungamira ku:

• Coma
• Rufu (zvisingawanzoitika)
• Itsvo kukuvara
• Kukanganiswa kwemapapu
• Zvimwe zvinokanganisa nhengo
• Kufenda

Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, kurumwa nechikwekwe kunogona kutungamira kune inopfuura imwechete hutachiona (co-hutachiona). Izvi zvinodaro nekuti zvikwekwe zvinogona kutakura zvinopfuura imwechete mhando yehupenyu. Zvirwere zviviri zvakadai ndezvi:

• Chirwere cheLyme
• Babesiosis, chirwere chinopararira chakafanana nemarariya

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe ukazorwara mushure mekurumwa kwechikwekwe kana kuti kana wanga uri munzvimbo dzine zvikwekwe zvakajairika. Ive neshuwa yekuudza mupi wako nezve chishambadziro.

Ehrlichiosis inopararira nezvikwekwe. Matanho anofanirwa kutorwa kudzivirira kurumwa nezvikwekwe, kusanganisira:

• Pfeka mabhurugwa marefu uye maoko marefu kana uchifamba nemumabhurashi anorema, huswa hwakareba, uye nzvimbo dzakakora.
• Dhonza masokisi ako pamusoro pebhurugwa kunze kwekudzivirira zvikwekwe kubva pakukambaira gumbo rako.
• Chengeta hembe yako yakanamirwa mubhurugwa rako.
• Pfeka mbatya dzakatsvuka kuti zvikwekwe zvionekwe nyore.
• Mwaya mbatya dzako nemishonga inodzinga zvipembenene.
• Tarisa mbatya dzako uye ganda kazhinji uri musango.

Mushure mekudzokera kumba:

• Bvisa nguo dzako. Tarisa tarisa pane ese ganda nzvimbo, kusanganisira ganda romusoro. Zvikwekwe zvinogona kukurumidza kukwira kumusoro kwehurefu hwomuviri.
• Zvimwe zvikwekwe zvakakura uye zviri nyore kuwana. Zvimwe zvikwekwe zvinogona kunge zviri zvidiki, saka nyatso tarisa pamatema ese kana maronda paganda.
• Kana zvichikwanisika, kumbira mumwe munhu kuti akubatsire kuongorora muviri wako kuitira zvikwekwe.
• Munhu mukuru anofanira kuongorora vana nokungwarira.

Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti chishambwe chinofanirwa kunamirwa mumuviri wako kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana ekukonzera chirwere. Kubviswa kwekutanga kunogona kudzivirira hutachiona.

Kana warumwa nechikwekwe, nyora pasi musi uye nguva yakarumwa. Uya neruzivo urwu, pamwe nechikwekwe (kana zvichikwanisika), kumupi wako kana ukarwara.

Wevanhu monocytic ehrlichiosis; HME; Vanhu granulocytic ehrlichiosis; HGE; Granulocytic anaplasmosis; HGA

• Ehrlichiosis
• Antibodies

Dumler JS, Walker DH. Ehrlichia chaffeensis (munhu monocytotropic ehrlichiosis), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (kwevanhu granulocytotropic anaplasmosis), uye mamwe maplasmataceae. Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Maitiro uye Maitiro Ezvirwere zvinotapukira. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 192.

Fournier PE, Raoult D. Rickettsial hutachiona. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 311.