Achangoberekwa jaundice

Machende achangozvarwa anoitika kana mwana aine huwandu hwakakwira hwebilirubin muropa. Bilirubin chinhu cheyero chinogadzirwa nemuviri kana chatsiva masero matsvuku eropa. Chiropa chinobatsira kuputsa chinhu kuitira kuti chigone kubviswa kubva mumuviri uri muchigaro.

Chikamu chepamusoro che bilirubin chinoita ganda remucheche uye vachena vemeso vanotaridzika kuita yero. Izvi zvinonzi jaundice.

Izvo zvakajairika kuti chikamu chemwana chebilirubin chive chakati kurei mushure mekuzvarwa.

Apo mwana ari kukura mudumbu raamai, iyo placenta inobvisa bilirubin kubva mumuviri wemwana. Iyo placenta inhengo inokura panguva yepamuviri yekupa mwana chikafu. Mushure mekuzvarwa, chiropa chemwana chinotanga kuita iri basa. Zvinotora nguva kuti chiropa chemwana chikwanise kuita izvi nemazvo.

Vazhinji vachangozvarwa vane yero yeganda, kana jaundice. Izvi zvinonzi zvemuviri jaundice. Inowanzoonekwa kana mwana aine mazuva maviri kusvika mana ekuberekwa. Kazhinji yenguva, haina kukonzera matambudziko uye inopera mukati memasvondo maviri.

Mhando mbiri dzejaundice dzinogona kuitika muvacheche vanoyamwiswa. Marudzi ese ari maviri anowanzo kukuvadza.

• Kuyamwisa jaundice kunoonekwa muvacheche vacheche mukati mevhiki yekutanga yehupenyu. Zvinowanzoitika kana vacheche vasingayamure zvakanaka kana mukaka wamai uchinonoka kuuya, zvichitungamira mukushaya mvura.
• Mukaka wemukaka jaundice unogona kuoneka mune vamwe vane hutano, vacheche vacheche mushure mezuva rechinomwe rehupenyu. Iyo inogona kukwirisa mukati memavhiki 2 ne3, asi inogona kugara pamatanho akaderera kwemwedzi kana kupfuura. Dambudziko rinogona kunge riri nekuda kwekuti zvinhu zviri mumukaka wemuzamu zvinokanganisa sei kuparara kwebilirubin muropa. Mukaka wemukaka jaundice wakasiyana nekuyamwa jaundice.

Yakanyanya ichangoberekwa jaundice inogona kuitika kana mwana aine mamiriro anowedzera huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa ayo anoda kutsiviwa mumuviri, akadai se:

• Asina kujairika eropa maseru maumbirwo (senge sickle cell anemia)
• Ropa rerudzi rwusina kufanana pakati paamai nemwana (Rh kusapindirana kana ABO kusapindirana)
• Kubuda ropa pasi pemusoro weganda (cephalohematoma) kunokonzerwa nekutakura kwakaoma
• Matunhu akakwirira emasero matsvuku eropa, ayo anowanzoitika mune zvidiki-zve-zera zera (SGA) vacheche uye mamwe mapatya
• Utachiona
• Kushaikwa kwemamwe mapuroteni akakosha, anonzi maenzyme

Zvinhu zvinoita kuti zviomere muviri wemwana kubvisa bilirubin zvinogona zvakare kutungamira kune zvakanyanya jaundice, inosanganisira:

• Mimwe mishonga
• Zvirwere zviripo pakuberekwa, senge rubella, syphilis, uye zvimwe
• Zvirwere zvinokanganisa chiropa kana biliary turakiti, senge cystic fibrosis kana hepatitis
• Low oxygen level (hypoxia)
• Zvirwere (sepsis)
• Mazhinji akasiyana mageneti kana kugara nhaka kusagadzikana

Vacheche vanozvarwa vachiri vadiki (nguva isati yakwana) vanowanzoita jaundice kupfuura vana venguva yakazara.

Jaundice inokonzera yero yeruvara rweganda. Inowanzo tanga kumeso uye yozodzika ichienda kuchipfuva, dumbu nzvimbo, makumbo, uye pasi petsoka.

Dzimwe nguva, vacheche vane jaundice yakaoma vanogona kunge vakaneta uye vachidya zvisina kunaka.

Vanoona nezvehutano vachatarisa zviratidzo zvejaundice kuchipatara. Mushure mekunge mwana achangozvarwa aenda kumba, nhengo dzemhuri dzinowanzoona jaundice.

Chero vacheche vanoita kunge jaundiced vanofanirwa kuve nemabhirirubin mazinga akayerwa ipapo. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekuongororwa kweropa.

Zvipatara zvakawanda zvinotarisa huwandu hwemabirirubin pamacheche ese paanenge maawa makumi maviri nemana ekuberekwa. Zvipatara zvinoshandisa ma probes anogona kufungidzira iyo bilirubin level nekungobata ganda. Kuverenga kwepamusoro kunofanirwa kusimbiswa nekuongororwa kweropa.

Miedzo ingangoitwa inosanganisira:

• Yakazara kuverenga ropa
• Coombs bvunzo
• Reticulocyte kuverenga

Kuenderera mberi nekuyedzwa kunogona kudiwa kune vacheche vanoda kurapwa kana huwandu hwayo hwebilirubin huri kuwedzera nekukurumidza kupfuura zvaitarisirwa.

Kurapa hakudiwe kazhinji yenguva.

Kana kurapwa kuchidikanwa, mhando inoenderana ne:

• Chikamu chemucheche bilirubin
• Kutsanya kwacho kwave kuchikwira
• Kunyangwe mwana akazvarwa achiri mudiki (vacheche vanozvarwa nekukurumidza vane mukana wekuti vabatwe pazasi bilirubin mazinga)
• Mwana ane makore mangani

Mucheche anoda kurapwa kana iyo bilirubin level yakanyanya kukwirira kana iri kukwira nekukurumidza.

Mwana ane jaundice anoda kutora yakawanda yemvura nemukaka wechipfuva kana fomura:

• Dyisa mwana kazhinji (kusvika kagumi pazuva) kukurudzira kufamba kwembambo. Izvi zvinobatsira kubvisa bilirubin kuburikidza nezvituru. Kumbira mupiki wako usati apa mwana wako achangoberekwa imwe fomula.
• Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, mucheche anogona kuwana mamwe emvura ne IV.

Vamwe vacheche vanoda kurapwa vasati vabuda muchipatara. Vamwe vangangoda kudzokera kuchipatara kana vaine mazuva mashoma ekuberekwa. Kurapa muchipatara kunowanzo kutora 1 kusvika mazuva maviri.

Dzimwe nguva, mwenje yebhuruu yakakosha inoshandiswa pane vacheche vane nhanho dzakanyanya kukwirira. Aya mwenje anoshanda nekubatsira kupaza bilirubin muganda. Izvi zvinonzi phototherapy.

• Mwana mucheche anoiswa pasi pemarambi aya mumubhedha unodziya, wakakomberedzwa kuti urambe uine tembiricha yenguva dzose.
• Mwana anongopfeka jira uye akakosha maziso ekuchengetedza maziso.
• Kuyamwisa kunofanirwa kuenderera mberi panguva yephototherapy, kana zvichibvira.
• Mune zvisingawanzoitika zviitiko, mwana angangoda mutsinga (IV) mutsara kuti aunze mvura.

Kana iyo bilirubin nhanho isiri yakanyanya kukwirira kana isiri kukwira nekukurumidza, unogona kuita phototherapy kumba uine fiberoptic blanket, iro rine mwenje diki inopenya mukati maro. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa mubhedha uyo unopenya mwenje kumusoro kubva kumateti.

• Iwe unofanirwa kuchengeta kurapa kwakareruka paganda remwana wako uye kudyisa mwana wako maawa maviri kusvika matatu (kanokwana kagumi kana gumi pazuva).
• Mukoti achauya kumba kwako kuzokudzidzisa mashandisiro egumbeze kana mubhedha, uye kutarisa mwana wako.
• Mukoti anodzoka zuva nezuva kuti aongorore huremu hwemwana wako, kudyisa, ganda, uye bilirubin level.
• Iwe unozobvunzwa kuverenga iyo nhamba yemanyowani akanyorova uye ane tsvina.

Mumakesi akaomesesa ejaundice, kuwedzerwa kuwedzerwa kuwedzerwa kunodiwa. Mune maitiro aya, ropa remwana rinotsiviwa neropa nyowani. Kupa intravenous immunoglobulin kune vacheche vane jaundice yakaoma inogona zvakare kuve inoshanda mukuderedza mabilirubin mazinga.

Machende achangoberekwa haakuvadze nguva zhinji. Kune vazhinji vacheche, jaundice ichaita zvirinani pasina kurapwa mukati memasvondo maviri kusvika maviri.

Chikamu chepamusoro che bilirubin chinogona kukuvadza huropi. Izvi zvinonzi kernicterus. Mamiriro acho anenge achiwanzo kuongororwa nguva yacho isati yakwira zvakakwana kuti ikonzere kukuvara uku. Kurapa kunowanzo shanda.

Kazhinji, asi zvakakomba matambudziko kubva kumatunhu epamusoro ebirirubin anosanganisira:

• Cerebral palsy
• Matsi
• Kernicterus, inova kukuvara kwehuropi kubva kumatunhu akakwira kwazvo ebilirubin

Vese vacheche vanofanirwa kuonekwa nemupi mumazuva mashanu ekutanga ehupenyu kuti vatarise jaundice:

• Vacheche vanopedza isingasviki maawa makumi maviri nemana muchipatara vanofanirwa kuonekwa nezera remaawa makumi manomwe nemaviri.
• Vacheche vanoendeswa kumusha pakati pemaawa makumi maviri nemana nemakumi mana nemasere vanofanirwa kuonwazve nemakore makumi masere nemasere.
• Vacheche vanotumirwa kumusha pakati pemaawa makumi mana nemasere nemaawa makumi manomwe nemaviri vanofanirwa kuonwazve nezera remakumi maviri nemaawa.

Jaundice ndeyekukurumidzira kana mwana aine fivhiri, asisina kurongeka, kana asiri kudya zvakanaka. Jaundice inogona kuva nengozi muvana vane njodzi huru.

Jaundice haiwanzo kuva nenjodzi muvacheche vakazvarwa nguva yakazara uye vasina mamwe matambudziko ekurapa. Fonera mupi wemwana kana:

• Jaundice yakaoma (iro ganda rinopenya yero)
• Jaundice inoramba ichiwedzera mushure mekushanyira mwana achangozvarwa, inogara kwenguva inopfuura vhiki mbiri, kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvinokura
• Tsoka, kunyanya tsoka, yero

Taura nemupi wemwana wako kana iwe uine mibvunzo.

Mune vacheche, imwe nhanho yejundice yakajairika uye pamwe isingadzivirirwe. Njodzi yejaundice yakakomba inogona kudzikiswa nekupa vana vacheche kanokwana kasere kusvika gumi nemaviri pazuva pazuva rekutanga mazuva uye nekunyatso kuzivisa vacheche vari panjodzi huru.

Vakadzi vese vane nhumbu vanofanirwa kuongororwa rudzi rweropa nema antibodies asina kujairika. Kana amai vari Rh negative, kuongororwa kwekutevera pane tambo yemucheche kunokurudzirwa. Izvi zvinogona zvakare kuitwa kana mhando yeropa raamai iri O positive.

Kuchenjerera kutarisa kwevacheche vese mumazuva mashanu ekutanga ehupenyu kunogona kudzivirira matambudziko mazhinji ejaundice. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Tichifunga nezve njodzi yemwana yejaundice
• Kutarisa bilirubin level muzuva rekutanga kana zvakadaro
• Kuronga kushanya kamwe chete kwekutevera-vhiki rekutanga rehupenyu hwevacheche vakatumirwa kumba kubva kuchipatara mumaawa makumi manomwe nemaviri

Jaundice yemwana achangozvarwa; Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia; Mwenje yeBili - jaundice; Mucheche - yero ganda; Achangoberekwa - yero ganda

• Achangoberekwa jaundice - buditsa
• Achangoberekwa jaundice - chii kubvunza chiremba wako

• Erythroblastosis fetalis - photomicrograph
• Jaundiced mucheche
• Shanduko kuwedzerwa - akateedzana
• Mucheche jaundice

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