Yechikoro chekuchikoro kusimudzira

Iyo yakajairwa yemagariro uye yemuviri kukura kwevana vane makore matatu kusvika matanhatu emakore ekuberekwa inosanganisira akawanda matanho.

Vese vana vanokura zvishoma zvakasiyana. Kana iwe uine hanya nezve kukura kwemwana wako, taura nemubatsiri wehutano wemwana wako.

KUKUDZIRWA KWENYAMA

Iyo yakajairika 3- kusvika ku6-gore-gore:

• Inowana anenge mana kusvika mashanu mapaundi (1.8 kusvika 2.25 kilograms) pagore
• Inokura anenge maviri kusvika matatu masendimita (mashanu kusvika 7.5 masentimita) pagore
• Iine ese mazino makumi maviri ekutanga nezera rechitatu
• Ane 20/20 chiratidzo nezera rechina
• Anorara maawa gumi nemana kusvika gumi nematanhatu husiku, kazhinji kazhinji asina kumborara masikati

Gross mota kuvandudza mune 3- kusvika 6-gore-rinofanira kusanganisira:

• Kuve nehunyanzvi hwekumhanya, kusvetuka, kukanda nekukasira, uye kutanga
• Kubata bhora rakakwakuka
• Kutengesa tricycle (pamakore matatu); kuve nekugona kufamba zvakanaka pazera rinosvika makore mana
• Kusvetuka netsoka imwe (pamakore angangoita mana emakore), uyezve kuenzanisa netsoka imwe kusvika pamasekonzi mashanu
• Kuita chitsitsinho-kune-chigunwe kufamba (pazera makore mashanu)

Makwara ekuvandudza mota akanaka pazera rechitatu anofanirwa kusanganisira:

• Kudhirowa denderedzwa
• Dhirowa munhu ane zvikamu zvitatu
• Kutanga kushandisa chigero chevana-chisina chiuno
• Kuzvipfekedza (nekutarisa)

Makwara ekuvandudza mota akanaka pazera ramakore mana anofanirwa kusanganisira:

• Dhirowa mraba
• Uchishandisa chigero, uye pakupedzisira uchicheka tambo yakatwasuka
• Kupfeka hembe zvakanaka
• Kugadzirisa chipunu neforogo zvakanaka uchidya

Makwara ekuvandudza mota akanaka pazera ramakore mashanu anofanirwa kusanganisira:

• Kuparadzira nebanga
• Dhirowa katatu

KUKURUDZIRA MUTAURO

Anemakore matatu anoshandisa:

• Mazita uye zvirevo zvakakodzera
• Mitatu-mazwi mitsara
• Mazwi mazhinji

Mwana wemakore mana anotanga ku:

• Nzwisisa hukuru hukama
• Tevera rairo-nhanho yekuraira
• Verenga kusvika ku4
• Zita 4 mavara
• Nakidzwa nhetembo uye neshoko kutamba

Iye ane makore mashanu ekuberekwa:

• Inoratidza kunzwisiswa kwekutanga kwemafungiro enguva
• Kuverenga kusvika gumi
• Anoziva nhamba yefoni
• Anopindura mibvunzo yekuti "nei"

Kudzedzereka kunogona kuitika mumutauro wakasarudzika kukura kwevana vadiki vane makore matatu kusvika mana. Izvo zvinoitika nekuti mazano anouya mupfungwa nekukurumidza kupfuura izvo mwana anokwanisa kuataura, kunyanya kana mwana akashushikana kana kufara.

Kana mwana achitaura, nyatsoteerera. Usataure pamusoro pekukakama. Funga nezvekuti mwana aongororwe nachiremba wekutaura kana:

• Kune zvimwe zviratidzo nekukakama, senge tics, grimacing, kana kunyanyisa kuzvifunga.
• Kudzandama kunotora nguva inopfuura mwedzi mitanhatu.

MAITIRO

Mwana wekuchikoro anodzidza hunyanzvi hwehukama hunodiwa kutamba uye kushanda nevamwe vana. Sezvo nguva inopfuura, mwana anokwanisa zvirinani kushandira pamwe nenhamba yakakura yevezera rake. Kunyangwe vana vane makore mana- kusvika mashanu vangakwanisa kutanga kutamba mitambo ine mirau, mitemo yacho inogona kuchinja, kazhinji panguva yekuda kwemwana ane simba.

Zvakajairika muboka diki revanoenda kukireshi kuti vaone mwana ane mukurumbira achibuda uyo anowanzo kuve mukuru kune vamwe vana pasina kuramba kukuru kubva kwavari.

Zvakajairika kune vanoenda kukireshi kuyedza yavo yepanyama, maitiro, uye manzwiro muganho. Kuva nenzvimbo yakachengeteka, yakarongeka yekuongorora nekutarisana nematambudziko matsva kwakakosha. Nekudaro, vekuchikoro vanoda mitsara inotsanangurwa.

Mwana anofanira kuratidza kutanga, kuda kuziva, kuda kuongorora, uye kunakidzwa asina kunzwa aine mhosva kana kudzivirirwa.

Hunhu hwekutanga hunokura sezvo vana vachida kufadza vabereki vavo nevamwe vekukosha. Izvi zvinowanzozivikanwa se "mukomana akanaka" kana "musikana akanaka" nhanho.

Rondedzero yakajeka inogona kufambira mberi mukunyepa. Kana izvi zvisina kutaurwa mukati memakore ekuchikoro, maitiro aya anogona kuenderera mumakore ekukura. Kutaurisa kana kudzoka kumashure kazhinji inzira yevechikoro vekuchikoro kuti vatariswe nemhinduro kubva kumunhu mukuru.

Kachengeteka

Kudzivirirwa kwakakosha zvakanyanya kune vekuchikoro.

• Vechikoro vasati vaenda kuchikoro vanonyanya kufamba uye vanogona kukurumidza kupinda mumamiriro ezvinhu ane ngozi. Kutarisirwa kwevabereki pazera iri kwakakosha, sezvazvaive mumakore ekutanga.
• Kuchengetedzwa kwemotokari kwakakosha. Mwana wekuchikoro anofanirwa kugara achisunga bhandi uye ave mune yakakodzera mota chigaro kana uchikwira mumota. Pazera iri vana vanogona kuchovha nevabereki vevamwe vana. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uongorore mirau yako yekuchengetedza mota nevamwe vanogona kunge vari kutarisira mwana wako.
• Kuwa ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekukuvara muvachiri kuenda kukireshi. Kukwira kumatunhu matsva uye ane hunyanzvi, vechikoro vanogona kukwira pamidziyo yekutamba, mabhasikoro, kudzika masitepisi, kubva pamiti, kunze kwemahwindo, uye pamusoro pematenga. Lock mikova inopa mukana kunzvimbo dzinotyisa (sedzimba, windows windows, uye masitepisi mawere. Iva nemirau yakaoma kune wechikoro chekuchikoro pamusoro penzvimbo dzisingabvumirwe.
• Makicheni ndiyo nzvimbo yepamusoro yemwana wechikoro kuti apiswe, pamwe kana achiedza kubatsira kubika kana kusangana nemidziyo ichiri kupisa. Kurudzira mwana kuti abatsire kubika kana kudzidza hunyanzvi hwekubika nemabikirwo echikafu chinotonhora. Ita zvimwe zviitiko kuti mwana anakirwe mune imwe kamuri iripedyo iwe uchibika. Chengetedza mwana kure nechitofu, chikafu chinopisa, uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa.
• Chengetedza zvigadzirwa zvese zvemumba nemishonga zvakachengetedzwa zvakachengetedzeka pasingaonekwe nevanoenda kukireshi. Ziva iyo nhamba yenzvimbo yako yekutonga chepfu. Iyo National Poison Kudzora Hotline (1-800-222-1222) inogona kudaidzwa kubva chero kupi muUnited States. Fona kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo nezve chepfu kana kudzivirira chepfu. Hazvidi kuti ive emergency. Iwe unogona kufona chero chikonzero, maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pavhiki.

MAZANO OKUBEREKA

• TV kana skrini nguva inofanira kuganhurirwa kumaawa maviri pazuva rehurongwa hwehunhu.
• Zvepabonde basa rekusimudzira rakavakirwa mumakore mudiki. Izvo zvakakosha kuti mwana ave neakakodzera kutevedzera evanhurume nevanhukadzi. Vabereki vari vega vanofanirwa kuona kuti mwana anowana mukana wekupedza nguva nehama kana shamwari inova murume kana mukadzi mubereki. Usambofa wakatsoropodza mumwe mubereki. Kana mwana akaita bonde kutamba kana kuongorora nevezera rake, redirect the play uye udza mwana kuti hazvina kukodzera. Usanyadzisa mwana. Ichi chishuwo chechisikigo.
• Nekuti hunyanzvi hwemutauro hunokura nekukurumidza muchikoro, zvakakosha kuti vabereki vaverengere mwana uye vataure nemwana kazhinji zuva rese.
• Kuranga kunofanirwa kupa mwana wepachikoro mikana yekuita sarudzo nekutarisana nematambudziko nyowani nekuchengetedza miganho yakajeka. Maumbirwo akakosha kune wekuchikoro. Kuva nehurongwa hwezuva nezuva (kusanganisira zera-rakakodzera mabasa epamba) kunogona kubatsira mwana kunzwa sechikamu chakakosha chemhuri uye kuwedzera kuzvidzora. Mwana angangoda zviyeuchidzo nekutarisirwa kuti apedze mabasa epamba. Ziva uye ubvume kana mwana achizvibata, kana kuita basa nemazvo kana pasina zvimwe zviyeuchidzo. Tora nguva yekucherechedza nekupa mubairo hunhu hwakanaka.
• Kubva pamakore mana kusvika pamashanu, vana vazhinji vanotaura kumashure. Taura nemaitiro aya pasina kuita kumazwi kana maitiro. Kana mwana achinzwa mazwi aya anovapa simba pamusoro pemubereki, hunhu hunoramba huchienderera. Zvinowanzoomera vabereki kuti vagare vakadzikama vachiyedza kugadzirisa maitiro.
• Kana mwana ari kutanga chikoro, vabereki vanofanirwa kugara vachiziva kuti panogona kuve nemisiyano mikuru pakati pevana vane makore mashanu kusvika matanhatu maererano nekureba kwenguva, kuverenga kuverenga, uye kugona kwemota. Vaviri mubereki anonetseka zvakanyanya (ane hanya nezve kugona kunonoka kwemwana) uye mubereki akanyanyisa kuda (kusundira hunyanzvi kuita kuti mwana awedzere mberi) anogona kukuvadza kufambira mberi kwemwana kuchikoro.

Ruzivo rwekuvandudza zviitiko - makore matatu kusvika matanhatu; Zvakanaka mwana - makore matatu kusvika matanhatu

• Yechikoro chekuchikoro kusimudzira

American Academy yePediatrics webhusaiti. Mazano ekuchengetedza hutano hwevana. www.aap.org/en-us/Documents/periodicity_schedule.pdf. Yakagadziridzwa Kukadzi 2017. Yakasvika munaNovember 14, 2018.

Feigelman S. Makore ekuchikoro. Mune: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits.

Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Kwakajairika kusimudzira. Mune: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, eds. Nelson Zvakakosha zvePediatrics. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chits.