Hydrofluoric acid muchetura

Hydrofluoric acid ikemikari iyo yakasimba kwazvo acid. Inowanzo iri yemvura fomu. Hydrofluoric acid ikemikari inokonzeresa inokuvadza zvakanyanya, zvinoreva kuti inokonzeresa kukuvara kwakanyanya kumatishu, senge kupisa, pakubata. Ichi chinyorwa chinotaura nezve chepfu kubva mukumedza, kufemera mukati, kana kubata hydrofluoric acid.

Ichi chinyorwa ndechekuziva chete. Usashandise iyo kurapa kana kubata chaiyo pozi kuratidzwa. Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu wauinaye aine mukana wekufona, fonera yako yemunharaunda emergency emergency (yakadai se911), kana nzvimbo yemunharaunda yako ine chepfu inogona kusvikwa yakananga nekufonera iyo yenyika isingabhadhariswe Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222) kubva chero kupi muUnited States.

Hydrofluoric acid

Iyi acid inowanzo shandiswa kuitira maindasitiri zvinangwa. Inoshandiswa mu:

• Computer screen yekugadzira
• Fluorescent mababu
• Girazi etching
• Yakakwira-octane peturu kugadzira
• Dzimwe ngura dzemumba dzinobvisa

Ongorora: Rondedzero iyi inogona kunge isinga-sanganisira.

Kubva kumedza:

• Kupisa kumuromo nehuro zvichikonzera kurwadziwa kukuru
• Kudonhedza mvura
• Kufema kunetseka kubva pahuro uye muromo kuzvimba uye kupisa
• Marwadzo emudumbu
• Kusvipa ropa
• Kurwadziwa pachifuva
• Collapse (kubva pakadzika kweropa kana kuvhunduka)
• Kusarongeka kwemoyo

Kubva kufema mukati (inhaling) iyo acid:

• Miromo yebhuruu nenzara
• Kutonhora
• Kusunga pachifuva
• Choking
• Kukosora ropa
• Kukurumidza kupisa
• Dzungu
• Kupindwa nechando
• Kushaya simba

Kana iyo chepfu ikabata ganda rako kana maziso, unogona kunge uine:

• Blisters
• Kunopisa
• Kurwadziwa
• Chiratidzo kurasikirwa

Hydrofluoric acid chepfu inogona kuve yakanangana nemhedzisiro pamoyo. Inogona kutungamira kune zvisina kujairika, uye dzimwe nguva kutyisidzira hupenyu, kurova kwemoyo.

Vanhu vanosangana neichi chepfu vanogona kuve nemubatanidzwa wezvakanyorwa zviratidzo.

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza. Usaite kuti munhu arase kumusoro kunze kwekunge audzwa kuti aite saizvozvo nePoison Control kana nyanzvi yehutano.

Kana kemikari iri paganda kana mumaziso, svinura nemvura yakawanda kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu.

Pakarepo tora munhu wacho uende kuchipatara.

Mashoko anotevera anobatsira rubatsiro rwekukurumidzira:

• Zera remunhu, huremu, uye mamiriro
• Zita rechigadzirwa (zvishandiso uye simba, kana zvichizivikanwa)
• Nguva yakamedzwa
• Mari yakamedzwa

Zvisinei, Usanonoka kukumbira rubatsiro kana ruzivo urwu rusina kuwanikwa ipapo.

Yako yepanzvimbo yekudzora huturu inogona kusvikwa yakananga nekufonera iyo yepasirose-isina muripo Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222) kubva chero muUnited States. Iyi hotline inokurega iwe uchitaura nenyanzvi mune chepfu. Ivo vanozokupa iwe kumwe kuraira.

Iri ibasa remahara uye rakavanzika. Nzvimbo dzese dzemunharaunda dzekudzora chepfu muUnited States dzinoshandisa iyi nhamba yenyika. Iwe unofanirwa kufona kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo nezve chepfu kana kudzivirira chepfu. Hazvidi kuti ive emergency. Iwe unogona kufona chero chikonzero, maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pavhiki.

Tora mudziyo uende nawo kuchipatara, kana zvichibvira.

Anopa hutano anozoyera nekutarisa zviratidzo zvakakosha zvemunhu, zvinosanganisira tembiricha, kupomba, kufema, uye BP. Kumedza iyi acid kunogona kukonzera kudonha kwakanyanya muropa. Kana munhu akafema utsi kubva muacid, mupi anogona kunzwa zviratidzo zvemvura mumapapu kana achiteerera chipfuva ne stethoscope.

Kunyatsorapwa kunoenderana nekuti huturu hwakaitika sei. Zviratidzo zvichabatwa sezvakakodzera.

Kana munhu akamedza muchetura, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Airway rutsigiro, kusanganisira okisijeni, kufema chubhu kuburikidza nemuromo (intubation), uye mweya wekufema (ventilator)
• Ropa uye weti kuongororwa
• Kamera pasi pehuro kuti uone kupisa mukati medu uye mudumbu (endoscopy)
• Chest x-ray
• ECG (electrocardiogram, kana moyo wekutsvagisa)
• Mvura kuburikidza nemutsinga (IV)
• Magnesium uye calcium mhinduro dzekudzikisa iyo acid
• Mishonga yekurapa zviratidzo

Kana munhu wacho akabata chepfu, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Magnesium uye calcium mhinduro dzinoiswa paganda kuti ishandise iyo asidi (mhinduro dzinogona kupihwa kuburikidza neIV)
• Kuongorora kuti utarise zviratidzo zvehuturu hwakazara-muviri
• Mishonga yekurapa zviratidzo
• Kuvhiya kubviswa kweganda rakatsva (debridement)
• Chinjana kuchipatara chinonyanya kugadzirisa kupisa
• Kushambidza kweganda (kudiridza), pamwe maawa mashoma mashoma kwemazuva akati wandei

Kana munhu akafema muchetura, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Airway rutsigiro, sezvakataurwa pamusoro
• Kufema kurapa kunounza calcium mumapapu
• Chest x-ray
• Kamera pasi pehuro kuti uone kupisa mumugwagwa (bronchoscopy)
• ECG (electrocardiogram, kana moyo wekutsvagisa)
• Mishonga yekurapa zviratidzo

Kuita zvakanaka kwemunhu kunoenderana nehuwandu hwecheta yakamedzwa uye nekukurumidza kurapwa kwakagamuchirwa. Iyo inokurumidza iyo munhu kuwana rubatsiro rwechiremba, ndiyo iri nani mukana wekupora.

Hydrofluoric acid ine ngozi zvakanyanya. Njodzi dzinowanzoitika dzinosanganisira hydrofluoric acid inokonzeresa kutsva paganda nemaoko. Izvo zvinopisa zvinogona kurwadza zvakanyanya. Vanhu vanozove neakawanda makanda uye kumwe kurasikirwa kwebasa munzvimbo yakakanganiswa.

Munhu wacho anogona kuda kuiswa muchipatara kuti arambe achirapwa. Kumedza huturu uhwu kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya nhengo dzemuviri. Kukuvadza kwakanyanya kumuromo, pahuro, uye mudumbu zvinogoneka. Makomba (maronda) mudumbu uye mudumbu anogona kukonzera utachiona hwakakomba mubhokisi uye mudumbu mhango, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kufa. Kuvhiya kunogona kudikanwa kugadzirisa izvo zvinorehwa. Kenza yesophagus njodzi huru muvanhu vanogara mushure mekumwa hydrofluoric acid.

Fluorohydric acid

Hoyte C. Caustics. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chitsiko 148.

US National Raibhurari yeMishonga, Yakasarudzika Ruzivo rweMabasa, Toxicology Data Network webhusaiti. Hydrogen fluoride. toxnet.nlm.nih.gov. Yakagadziridzwa Chikunguru 26, 2018. Yakasvika muna Ndira 17, 2019.