Chiropa chinotamisa

Chiropa chinotamisa kuvhiya kutsiva chiropa chine chirwere nechiropa chine hutano.

Iyo yakapihwa chiropa inogona kubva ku:

• Mupiro uyo achangobva kufa uye anga asina kukuvara kwechiropa. Rudzi urwu rweanopa runodanwa kunzi cadaver mupi.
• Dzimwe nguva, munhu ane hutano anozopa chikamu chechiropa chake kune munhu ane chirwere chechiropa. Semuenzaniso, mubereki anogona kupa mwana. Rudzi urwu rweanopa runonzi mupiro mupenyu. Chiropa chinogona kuzvidzokerazve. Vaviri vari vaviri vanhu vanoguma vaine zviropa zvakashanda zvizere mushure mekubudirira kuisazve.

Iyo inopa chiropa inotakurwa mune yakatonhorera munyu-mvura (saline) mhinduro iyo inochengetedza iyo nhengo kweanosvika maawa masere. Bvunzo dzinodikanwa dzinogona kuitwa kuti dzienzanise mupi nemupi.

Chiropa chitsva chinobviswa kubva kumupi kuburikidza nekucheka kwekuvhiya mudumbu repamusoro. Inoiswa mukati memunhu anoda chiropa (anonzi mugashiri) uye akasungirirwa kumidziyo yeropa uye bile ducts. Kuvhiya kwacho kunogona kutora kusvika maawa gumi nemaviri. Anogamuchira anowanzoda kuwanda kweropa kuburikidza nekuisirwa.

Chiropa chine hutano chinoita zvinopfuura mazana mana emabasa zuva rega rega, kusanganisira:

• Kugadzira bile, iyo yakakosha mukugaya
• Kugadzira mapuroteni anobatsira nekugwamba kweropa
• Kubvisa kana kushandura mabhakitiriya, mishonga, uye chepfu muropa
• Kuchengeta shuga, mafuta, iron, mhangura, uye mavitamini

Chikonzero chakajairika chekuiswa kwechiropa muvana ndeye biliary atresia. Mune mazhinji ezviitiko izvi, kuiswa kwacho kunobva kune anopa hupenyu.

Chikonzero chakajairika chekuiswa kwechiropa muvanhu vakuru ndeye cirrhosis. Cirrhosis inovenga chiropa chinodzivirira chiropa kushanda zvakanaka. Inogona kuwedzera kukundikana kwechiropa. Zvinonyanya kukonzera cirrhosis ndezvi:

• Yenguva refu hutachiona nehepatitis B kana hepatitis C
• Kunwa doro kwenguva refu
• Cirrhosis nekuda kweasina-doro mafuta mafuta chiropa chirwere
• Acute toxicity kubva pakuwandisa kweacetaminophen kana nekuda kwekudya howa hunouraya.
  

Zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kukonzera cirrhosis uye kutadza kwechiropa zvinosanganisira:

• Autoimmune hepatitis
• Hepatic vein ropa clot (thrombosis)
• Chiropa kukuvara kubva kune chepfu kana mishonga
• Zvinetso neiyo drainage system yechiropa (iyo biliary turakiti), senge yekutanga biliary cirrhosis kana yekutanga sclerosing cholangitis
• Matambudziko emetabolism emhangura kana simbi (Wilson chirwere uye hemochromatosis)

Chiropa chekuisa chirwere hachiwanzo kukurudzirwa kune vanhu vane:

• Zvimwe hutachiona, senge tibhii kana osteomyelitis
• Zvakaoma kutora mishonga kakati wandei zuva rega rega kwehupenyu hwavo hwese
• Chirwere chemwoyo kana chemapapu (kana zvimwe zvirwere zvinotyisa)
• Nhoroondo yekenza
• Zvirwere, zvakadai sehepatitis, izvo zvinoonekwa sezviri kushanda
• Kusvuta, doro kana kushandisa zvinodhaka, kana mamwe maitiro ane njodzi

Ngozi dzechero anesthesia ndeidzi:

• Matambudziko kufema
• Zviitiko kumishonga

Ngozi dzekuvhiyiwa chero ndeidzi:

• Kubuda ropa
• Chirwere chemwoyo kana sitiroko
• Utachiona

Chiropa chekuisa oparesheni uye manejimendi mushure mekuvhiyiwa zvinotakura njodzi huru. Pane njodzi yakawedzera yekutapukirwa nekuti unofanirwa kutora mishonga inodzvinyirira immune system kudzivirira kuiswa kwekurambwa. Zviratidzo zvehutachiona zvinosanganisira:

• Manyoka
• Drainage
• Kupindwa nechando
• Jaundice
• Kutsvuka
• Kuzvimba
• Unyoro

Mutapi wako wezvehutano anokuendesa kunzvimbo yekudyara. Chikwata chekuchinjisa chinoda kuve neshuwa kuti uri mukwikwidzi akanaka wekuchinjisa chiropa. Uchaita shanyo shomashoma kwevhiki dzinoverengeka kana mwedzi. Iwe unozofanirwa kutorwa ropa uye x-ray inotorwa.

Kana iwe uriwe munhu ari kutora chiropa chitsva, bvunzo dzinotevera dzichaitwa pamberi pekuita:

• Nyama uye kunyora ropa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti muviri wako haurambe chiropa chakapihwa
• Kuongororwa ropa kana kuongororwa kweganda kuongorora hutachiona
• Miedzo yemoyo yakadai seECG, echocardiogram, kana catheterization yemoyo
• Kuedza kutsvaga cancer yekutanga
• Kuyedza kutarisa chiropa chako, nduru, chirwatata, ura hudiki, uye tsinga dzeropa dzakakomberedza chiropa
• Colonoscopy, zvinoenderana nezera rako

Iwe unogona kusarudza kutarisa kune imwe kana kupfuura nzvimbo dzekudyara kuti uone izvo zvakakunakira iwe.

• Bvunza iyo nzvimbo kuti mangani ma transplants avanogadzira gore rega rega, uye yavo yekupona mitengo. Enzanisa idzi nhamba kune idzo dzedzimwe nzvimbo dzekudyara.
• Bvunza kuti ndeapi mapoka ekutsigira avanowana, uye ndedzipi nzira dzekufamba nedzimba dzavanopa.
• Bvunza kuti ndeipi avhareji yekumirira nguva yekutakurirwa chiropa.

Kana timu yekuchinjisa ichifunga kuti uri mukwikwidzi wekuchinjisa chiropa, iwe uchaiswa parunyorwa rwekumirira.

• Nzvimbo yako pane yekumirira rondedzero inoenderana neanoverengeka ezvinhu. Zvinhu zvakakosha zvinosanganisira mhando yezvinetso zveropa zvauinazvo, chirwere chako chakanyanya sei, uye mukana wekuti kuisirwa kuchabudirira.
• Iyo yakawanda yenguva yaunoshandisa pane yekumirira rondedzero kazhinji kazhinji haisi chinhu chekuti unowana chiropa nekukurumidza zvakadii, pamwe nekugona kusarudzika kwevana

Paunenge wakamirira chiropa, tevera nhanho idzi:

• Tevera chero chikafu chinokurudzirwa nechikwata chako chekudyara.
• Usanwa doro.
• Usapute.
• Chengetedza uremu hwako munzvimbo yakakodzera. Tevedza chirongwa chekurovedza muviri chinokurudzirwa nemupi wako.
• Tora mishonga yese yawakatemerwa. Mhan'ara shanduko mumishonga yako uye chero nyowani kana yakaipa matambudziko ekurapa kune timu yekudyara.
• Tevera pamwe neako wenguva dzose mupi uye timu yekuchinjisa pane chero kugadzwa kwakaitwa.
• Ita shuwa kuti timu yekuchinjisa ine yako chaiyo manhamba efoni, kuti vagone kutaura newe nekukasira kana chiropa chikawanikwa. Ita shuwa kuti, zvisinei kuti iwe urikuenda kupi, iwe unogona kutaurika nekukurumidza uye nyore.
• Iva nezvose zvakagadzirira mberi kwenguva yekuenda kuchipatara.

Kana iwe wakagamuchira chiropa chakapihwa, iwe ungangoda kugara muchipatara kwevhiki kana kupfuura. Mushure meizvozvo, iwe unozofanirwa kuteverwa zvakanyanya nachiremba kweupenyu hwako hwese. Iwe unozogara uine kuongororwa kweropa mushure mekuiswazve.

Iyo yekudzoreredza ingangoita mwedzi mitanhatu kusvika gumi nemiviri. Chikwata chako chekudyara chingakukumbire kuti ugare padyo nechipatara kwemwedzi mitatu yekutanga. Iwe unozofanirwa kugara uchiongororwa, pamwe nekuongororwa kweropa uye x-ray kwemakore mazhinji.

Vanhu vanogamuchira kuisirwa chiropa vanogona kuramba nhengo itsva. Izvi zvinoreva kuti immune system yavo inoona chiropa chitsva sechinhu chekunze uye ichiedza kuiparadza.

Kuti udzivise kurambwa, vanenge vese vanogamuchira vanofanirwa kutora mishonga inodzvinyirira immune yavo kwehupenyu hwavo hwese. Izvi zvinonzi immunosuppressive therapy. Kunyangwe kurapwa kwacho kuchidzivirira kurambwa kwechimiro, zvinoisawo vanhu panjodzi huru yekutapukirwa nekenza.

Kana iwe ukatora mushonga unodzivirira muviri, unofanirwa kugara uchivhenekwa gomarara. Iyo mishonga inogona zvakare kukonzera kukwira kweropa uye cholesterol yakawanda, uye kuwedzera njodzi dzechirwere cheshuga.

Kubudirira kuisazve kunoda kutevedza padyo neako mupi. Iwe unofanirwa kugara uchitora mushonga wako sekurairwa.

Hepatic kuisirwa; Kuisirwa - chiropa; Orthotopic chiropa kuisirwa; Kukundikana kwechiropa - kuisirwa chiropa; Cirrhosis - kuisirwa chiropa

• Donor chiropa chinosungirirwa
• Chiropa kupinza - akateedzana

Carrion AF, Martin P. Chiropa kuisazve. Muna: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger uye Fordtran's Gastrointestinal uye Chirwere Chiropa. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chits. 97.

Everson GT. Hepatic kutadza uye kuwedzerwa kwechiropa Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 145.