Kukanganiswa kwekutaura muvakuru

Kutaura uye kukanganisika kwemitauro kungave chero eanoverengeka ematambudziko anoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kutaura.

Izvi zvinotevera kutaura kwakajairika uye kusagadzikana kwemitauro.

APHASIA

Aphasia kurasikirwa kwekugona kwekunzwisisa kana kutaura mutauro wakataurwa kana wakanyorwa. Inowanzoitika mushure mekurohwa kana kukuvara kwekukuvara kwehuropi. Izvo zvinogona zvakare kuitika kune vanhu vane mamota europi kana chirwere chinodzikira chinokanganisa nzvimbo dzemitauro yehuropi. Izwi iri harishande kuvana vasati vambokudziridza hunyanzvi hwekutaurirana. Kune akawanda marudzi akasiyana eaphasia.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko zveaphasia, dambudziko rinoguma razvigadzirisa, asi kune vamwe, harisi nani.

DYSARTHRIA

Nedysarthria, munhu ane matambudziko ekutaura mamwe manzwi kana mazwi. Ivo havana kutaura zvakaringana kutaura (senge kutsvedza) uye mutinhimira kana kumhanyisa kwekutaura kunoshandurwa. Kazhinji, kusagadzikana kwetsinga kana kwehuropi kwakaita kuti zviome kudzora rurimi, miromo, dokoriro, kana tambo dzenzwi, izvo zvinoita kutaura.

Dysarthria, iri kunetsa kududza mazwi, dzimwe nguva inokanganiswa neafasia, inova yakaoma kuburitsa mutauro. Vane zvikonzero zvakasiyana.

Vanhu vane dysarthria vanogona zvakare kuve nematambudziko kumedza.

KUSANGANISWA KWEMAZWI

Chero chipi zvacho chinoshandura chimiro chetambo dzenzwi kana mashandiro avanoita chinokonzeresa kukanganiswa kwezwi. Bundu-rakaita sekukura senge ma nodule, polyps, cysts, papillomas, granulomas, uye kanzira inogona kuve mhosva. Shanduko idzi dzinokonzeresa kuti izwi rinzwike rakasiyana nenzira yarinonzwika.

Zvimwe zvezvinetso izvi zvinokura zvishoma nezvishoma, asi chero munhu anogona kukudziridza kutaura nekuremara mutauro nekukasira, kazhinji mukutambudzika.

APHASIA

• Alzheimer chirwere
• Brain bundu (rakajairika mune aphasia pane dysarthria)
• Dementia
• Kushungurudzika kwemusoro
• Kurohwa
• Yenguva ischemic kurwisa (TIA)

DYSARTHRIA

• Doro kudhakwa
• Dementia
• Zvirwere zvinokanganisa tsinga nemhasuru (neuromuscular matenda), senge amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS kana chirwere cheLou Gehrig), cerebral palsy, myasthenia gravis, kana multiple sclerosis (MS)
• Kushungurudzika kumeso
• Kumeso kushaya simba, senge Bell's palsy kana rurimi kushaya simba
• Kushungurudzika kwemusoro
• Kuvhiyiwa kenza yemusoro nemutsipa
• Nervous system (neurological) matambudziko anokanganisa huropi, senge chirwere chePasinson kana chirwere cheHuntington (chinowanzoitika muDysarthria kupfuura aphasia)
• Denture dzisina kukodzera
• Side mhedzisiro yemishonga inoshanda pane yepakati tsinga system, senge narcotic, phenytoin, kana carbamazepine
• Kurohwa
• Yenguva ischemic kurwisa (TIA)

KUSANGANISWA KWEMAZWI

• Kukura kana maburi pane tambo dzenzwi
• Vanhu vanoshandisa izwi ravo zvakanyanya (vadzidzisi, varairidzi, vanoita zvemazwi) vane mukana wekukudziridza kusagadzikana kwezwi.

Kune dysarthria, nzira dzekubatsira kusimudzira kutaurirana dzinosanganisira kutaura zvishoma nezvishoma uye kushandisa ruoko rwemaoko. Mhuri neshamwari vanofanirwa kupa yakawanda nguva kune avo vane chirwere kuti vataure zvavanofunga. Kunyora pachigadzirwa chemagetsi kana kushandisa peni nebepa kunogona kubatsirawo nekutaurirana.

Kune aphasia, nhengo dzemhuri dzinogona kuda kupa zviyeuchidzo zvenguva zhinji, senge zuva revhiki. Kuvhiringidzika uye kuvhiringidzika zvinowanzoitika neafasia.Kushandisa nzira dzisina kutaurirana dzekutaurirana dzinogona zvakare kubatsira.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti ugare wakasununguka, wakadzikama nharaunda uye chengetedza zvekunze zvinokonzeresa padiki.

• Taura nezwi rakajairika izwi (iyi mamiriro haisi yekunzwa kana dambudziko repfungwa).
• Shandisa mitsara yakapfava kuti udzivise kusanzwisisana.
• Usafungidzira kuti munhu anonzwisisa.
• Ipa rubatsiro rwekutaurirana, kana zvichibvira, zvinoenderana nemunhu uye mamiriro.

Kupa mazano nezvehutano hwepfungwa kunogona kubatsira nekushushikana kana kushungurudzika vanhu vazhinji vane hurema hwekutaura.

Bata mupi kana:

• Kukanganisa kana kurasikirwa kwekutaurirana kunouya kamwe kamwe
• Pane chero kusanzwisisika kwekukanganisa kwekutaura kana mutauro wakanyorwa

Kunze kwekunge matambudziko aitika mushure mechiitiko chekukurumidzira, mupi anotora nhoroondo yezvechiremba uye oongorora bvunzo. Nhoroondo yezvokurapa ingangoda rubatsiro rwemhuri kana shamwari.

Iye mupi angangobvunza nezve hurema hwekutaura. Mibvunzo inogona kusanganisira pakaitika dambudziko, kunyangwe paive nekukuvara, uye nemishonga ipi inotorwa nemunhu.

Bvunzo dzekuongorora dzinogona kuitwa dzinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuongororwa kweropa
• Cerebral angiography kutarisa kuyerera kweropa muuropi
• CT kana MRI scan yemusoro kutarisa matambudziko akaita sebundu
• EEG kuyera mashandiro emagetsi europi
• Electromyography (EMG) kutarisa hutano hwemhasuru uye tsinga dzinodzora mhasuru
• Lumbar kubaya kuti utarise cerebrospinal fluid inotenderedza uropi uye musana
• Weti miedzo
• X-ray yehenya

Kana bvunzo dzikawana mamwe matambudziko ekurapa, vamwe vanachiremba vane hunyanzvi vanofanirwa kubvunzwa.

Kuti ubatsirwe nedambudziko rekutaura, murapi wekutaura nemutauro kana mushandi wezvemagariro angangoda kubvunzwa.

Kukanganisa mutauro; Kukanganiswa kwekutaura; Kusakwanisa kutaura; Aphasia; Dysarthria; Slurred kutaura; Dysphonia izwi kusagadzikana

Kirshner HS. Aphasia uye aphasic syndromes. Mune: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology muClinical Dzidzira. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits.

Kirshner HS. Dysarthria uye apraxia yekutaura. Mune: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology muClinical Dzidzira. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chitsiko 14.

Rossi RP, Kortte JH, Palmer JB. Kutaura uye kusagadzikana kwemitauro. Muna: Frontera WR, Sirivha JK, Rizzo TD Jr, eds. Zvakakosha zvePhysical Medicine uye Rehabilitation. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chitsiko 155.