Yakanyanya acute kufema chirwere (SARS)

Yakanyanya acute kufema chirwere (SARS) inzira yakakomba yemabayo. Kutapukirwa nehutachiona hweSARS kunokonzeresa kufema kwakanyanya (kunetseka kwakanyanya kwekufema), uye dzimwe nguva kufa.

Ichi chinyorwa chiri pamusoro pekuputika kweSARS kwakaitika muna 2003. Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve 2019 coronavirus kubuda, ndapota ona Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

SARS inokonzerwa neSARS-inosanganisirwa coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Iyo imwe yemhuri yekoronavirus yemavhairasi (mhuri imwechete iyo inogona kukonzera kutonhora kwakazara). Denda reSARS rakatanga muna 2003 apo hutachiona hwakapararira kubva kuzvipuka zvidiki kuenda kuvanhu kuChina. Kuputika uku kwakakurumidza kusvika pamwero wepasirese, asi kwakange kuri muna 2003. Hakuna nyaya nyowani dzeSARS dzakamhan'arwa kubvira 2004.

Kana munhu ane SARS akosora kana kuhotsira, madonhwe ane hutachiona anosasa mumhepo. Unogona kubata hutachiona hweSARS kana ukafemera mukati kana kubata zvidimbu izvi. Hutachiona hweSARS hunogona kugara pamaoko, zvinyama, uye nezvimwe nzvimbo kwemaawa anoverengeka mumadonhwe aya. Hutachiona uhwu hunogona kurarama kwemwedzi kana makore apo tembiricha iri pasi pechando.

Ipo kupararira kwemadonhwe kuburikidza nekubatana padyo kwakakonzera mazhinji emakesi ekutanga eSARS, SARS inogona zvakare kupararira nemaoko uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvakabatwa nemadonhwe. Kutapurirana nemhepo chinhu chaicho chinogona kuitika mune dzimwe nguva. Hupenyu hutachiona hwakatowanikwa munzvimbo yezvigaro zvevanhu vane SARS, uko kwaakaratidzirwa kurarama kusvika mazuva mana.

Nedzimwe coronaviruses, kutapukirwa uyezve kurwara zvakare (kudzoreredza) zvakajairika. Izvi zvinogona zvakare kunge zviri izvo neSARS.

Zviratidzo zvinowanzoitika mazuva maviri kana gumi mushure mekusangana nehutachiona. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, SARS yakatanga nekukurumidza kana gare gare mushure mekutanga kuonana. Vanhu vane zviratidzo zvekurwara zvinotapukira. Asi hazvizivikanwe kuti munhu anogona kutapurika kwenguva yakareba sei mushure mekuonekwa kwezviratidzo.

Zviratidzo zvikuru ndezvi:

• Kukosora
• Kunetseka kufema
• Fivha ye100.4 ° F (38.0 ° C) kana yakakwira
• Zvimwe zviratidzo zvekufema

Zviratidzo zvakajairika ndezvi:

• Kutonhora uye kuzunza
• Kukosora, kazhinji kunotanga mazuva maviri kusvika manomwe mushure mezvimwe zviratidzo
• Kutemwa nemusoro
• Tsvina inorwadza
• Kuneta

Zviratidzo zvishoma zvinozivikanwa zvinosanganisira:

• Kukosora uko kunoburitsa phlegm (sputum)
• Manyoka
• Dzungu
• Kusvotwa uye kurutsa

Mune vamwe vanhu, zviratidzo zvemapapu zvinowedzera kuwedzera mukati mevhiki yechipiri yekurwara, kunyangwe mushure mekunge fivha yamira.

Mutapi wako wezvehutano anogona kunzwa asina kujairika mapapu kurira uchiteerera pachipfuva chako ne stethoscope. Muvanhu vazhinji vane SARS, chipfuva x-ray kana chipfuva CT inoratidza mabayo, ayo akafanana neSARS.

Kuyedza kunoshandiswa kuongorora SARS kunogona kusanganisira:

• Arterial kuongororwa ropa
• Ropa rekuvhara miedzo
• Ropa kemisitiri bvunzo
• Chest x-ray kana chipfuva CT scan
• Yakazara kuverenga ropa (CBC)

Kwayedza inoshandiswa kukurumidza kuziva hutachiona hunokonzera SARS inosanganisira:

• Antibody bvunzo dzeSARS
• Kutsaura wega hutachiona hweSARS
• Rapid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) bvunzo yehutachiona hweSARS

Yese bvunzo dzazvino dzine zvimwe zvaisingakwanise Vanogona kusakwanisa kuona nyore nyore nyaya yeSARS muvhiki yekutanga yechirwere, apo pazvinonyanya kukosha kuti uzvizive.

Vanhu vanofungidzirwa kuve neSARS vanofanirwa kuongororwa ipapo ipapo nemupi. Kana vachifungidzirwa kuti vane SARS, vanofanirwa kuchengetwa vari voga muchipatara.

Kurapa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yekurapa mabhakitiriya anokonzera pneumonia (kusvikira bhakitiriya pneumonia yabviswa kunze kana kana paine hutachiona pneumonia kuwedzera kune SARS)
• Mishonga yeAntiviral (kunyangwe inoshanda sei kuSARS isingazivikanwe)
• Yakakwira madosi esteroid ekuderedza kuzvimba mumapapu (hazvizivikanwe mashandiro avanoshanda)
• Oxygen, kufema kutsigira (mechanical ventilation), kana kurapwa kwechifuva

Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakakomba, chikamu chemvura kubva kuvanhu vakatopora kubva kuSARS chakapihwa sekurapa.

Hapana humbowo hwakasimba hwekuti mishonga iyi inoshanda nemazvo. Pane humbowo hwekuti mushonga weantiviral, ribavirin, haushande.

Mukubuda kwa2003, mwero wekufa kubva kuSARS yaive 9% kusvika 12% yeavo vakawanikwa. Muvanhu vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu, iyo yekufa chiyero yaive yakakwira kupfuura makumi mashanu muzana. Kurwara kwaive kwakareruka muvanhu vadiki.

Muvanhu vakura, vanhu vazhinji vakarwara zvekusvika pakuda rubatsiro rwekufema. Uye kunyange vanhu vazhinji vaifanira kuenda kuzvipatara zvekuchengetwa zvakanyanya.

Mitemo yehutano hweveruzhinji yanga ichishanda pakubata kuputika. Nyika zhinji dzakamisa denda munyika dzadzo. Nyika dzese dzinofanirwa kuramba dzichichenjerera kuchengetedza chirwere ichi. Mavhairasi mumhuri yekoronavirus anozivikanwa nekugona kwavo kuchinja (mutate) kuti vapararire pakati pevanhu.

Zvinetso zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kukundikana kwekufema
• Chiropa kutadza
• Kutadza kwemoyo
• Zvinetso zveitsvo

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe kana mumwe munhu wawave uri pedyo naye ane SARS.

Parizvino, hapana kuzivikanwa kutapurirana kweSARS chero kupi pasi. Kana kubuda kweSARS kukaitika, kudzikisira kubatana kwako nevanhu vane SARS kunodzikisa njodzi yako pachirwere. Dzivisa kufamba kuenda kunzvimbo uko kune kusadzora SARS kuputika. Pazvinokwanisika, dzivisa kusangana kwakanangana nevanhu vane SARS kusvika mazuva gumi mushure mekunge fivha yavo nezvimwe zviratidzo zvapera.

• Ruoko hutsanana ndicho chikamu chakakosha kwazvo mukudzivirira kweSARS. Shamba maoko ako kana kuachenesa nedoro-yakavakirwa ipapo maoko sanitizer
• Vhara muromo wako nemhino paunohotsira kana kukosora. Madonhwe anosunungurwa kana munhu achihotsira kana kukosora ane chirwere.
• USAGADZE chikafu, chinwiwa, kana midziyo.
• Yakachena inowanzo bata nzvimbo neEPA-inogamuchirwa disinfectant.

Masiki nemagoggi zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira kupararira kwechirwere. Unogona kushandisa magirovhosi paunenge uchibata zvinhu zvinogona kunge zvakabata madonhwe ane hutachiona.

SARS; Kukundikana kwekufema - SARS; SARS coronavirus; SARS-CoV

• Mapapu
• Kufuridzira system

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. Yakanyanya acute kufema chirwere (SARS) www.cdc.gov/sars/index.html. Yakagadziridzwa Zvita 6, 2017. Yakasvika paKurume 16, 2020.

Gerber SI, Watson JT. Coronaviruses. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 342.

Perlman S, McIntosh K. Coronaviruses, kusanganisira yakaoma acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) uye Middle East yekufema syndrome (MERS). Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Maitiro uye Maitiro Ezvirwere zvinotapukira. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 155.