Coronavirus chirwere 2019 (COVID-19)

Coronavirus chirwere 2019 (COVID-19) chirwere chekufema chinokonzera fivha, kukosora, uye kufema kwekufema. COVID-19 inotapukira zvikuru, uye yapararira pasi rose. Vanhu vazhinji vanorwara nehuremu kusvika pakati nepakati. Vakwegura vakuru uye vanhu vane mamwe mamiriro ehutano vari panjodzi huru yekurwara zvakanyanya uye kufa.

COVID-19 inokonzerwa nehutachiona hweSARS-CoV-2 (yakaoma acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Coronaviruses imhuri yehutachiona iyo inogona kukanganisa vanhu nemhuka. Zvinogona kukonzera zvinyoro kusvika pakati nepakati zvekufema, senge yakajairwa kutonhora. Mamwe makoronavirusi anogona kukonzera chirwere chakakomba icho chinogona kutungamira kumabayo uye kunyange kufa.

COVID-19 yakatanga kutaurwa muWuhan City, Hubei Province, China kutanga kwaZvita, 2019. Kubva ipapo, yakapararira pasi rese uye mukati meUnited States.

SARS-CoV-2 ndeye betacoronavirus, senge MERS uye SARS coronaviruses, izvo zvese zvakatangira mumabhata. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti hutachiona hunopararira kubva kumhuka kuenda kuvanhu. Iye zvino hutachiona huri kunyanya kupararira kubva kumunhu-kuenda-kumunhu.

COVID-19 inopararira kuvanhu vari mukati mehukama hwepedyo (anenge matanhatu tsoka kana 2 metres). Kana munhu ane chirwere akosora, achihotsira, achiimba, achitaura, kana kufema, madonhwe anosasa mumhepo. Unogona kubata chirwere kana iwe uchifemera mumadonhwe aya kana ivo vachipinda mumaziso ako.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, COVID-19 inogona kupararira kuburikidza nemhepo uye ichizadza vanhu vari pamusoro pemamita matanhatu kure. Madonhwe madiki uye zvidimbu zvinogona kuramba zviri mumhepo kwemaminetsi kusvika maawa. Izvi zvinodaidzwa kutapurirana nemhepo, uye zvinogona kuitika munzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa nemhepo isina mweya. Zvisinei, zvakajairika kuti COVID-19 ipararire kuburikidza nekubatana kwepedyo.

Zvishoma pane, chirwere chinogona kutapukira kana ukabata pamusoro nehutachiona pairi, uye wobata maziso ako, mhuno, muromo, kana kumeso. Asi iyi haisi kufungidzirwa kuti ndiyo nzira huru inopararira hutachiona.

COVID-19 iri kupararira kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu nekukurumidza. IUnited States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) uye World Health Organisation (WHO) inoona COVID-19 seyakaipisisa hutano hweveruzhinji kutyisidzira pasirese uye muUnited States. Mamiriro acho ari kuchinja nekukurumidza, saka zvakakosha kutevedzera razvino nhungamiro yemuno maitiro ekuzvidzivirira iwe nevamwe kubva mukuwana nekuparadzira COVID-19.

COVID-19 zviratidzo zvinobva pane zvinyoro kusvika kune zvakanyanya. Vakwegura uye vanhu vane mamwe mamiriro ehutano aripo vane mukana wakakura wekurwara zvakanyanya uye kufa. Mamiriro ehutano anowedzera njodzi iyi anosanganisira:

• Chirwere chemoyo
• Chirwere cheitsvo
• COPD (chisingaperi obstructive pulmonary chirwere)
• Kufutisa (BMI ye30 kana pamusoro)
• Nyora 2 chirwere cheshuga
• Tora 1 chirwere cheshuga
• Kuisa muviri
• Sickle cell chirwere
• Gomarara
• Kusvuta
• Down chirwere
• Kubata pamuviri

Zviratidzo zveCOVID-19 zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kupindwa nechando
• Kutonhora
• Kukosora
• Kufema kwekufema kana kunetseka kufema
• Kuneta
• Tsvina inorwadza
• Kutemwa nemusoro
• Kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kwekuravira kana kunhuwidza
• Huro inorwadza
• Yakaomarara kana inomhanya mhino
• Kusvotwa kana kurutsa
• Manyoka

(Cherekedza: Iri harisi runyorwa rwakakwana rwezvinogona kuitika zviratidzo. Zvimwe zvinogona kuwedzerwa sezvo nyanzvi dzehutano dzichidzidza zvakawanda nezve chirwere ichi.)

Vamwe vanhu vanogona kunge vasina zviratidzo zvachose kana vanogona kunge vaine zvimwe, asi kwete ese ezviratidzo.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kuoneka mukati memazuva maviri kusvika gumi nemana mushure mekufumurwa. Kazhinji kazhinji, zviratidzo zvinoonekwa mukati memazuva mashanu mushure mekuratidzwa. Zvisinei, iwe unogona kuparadzira hutachiona kunyange kana iwe usina zviratidzo.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvakakomba zvinoda kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba ipapo zvinosanganisira:

• Kunetseka kufema
• Kurwadziwa pachifuva kana kumanikidza kunoenderera
• Kuvhiringidzika
• Kutadza kumuka
• Miromo yeblue kana kumeso

Kana iwe uine zviratidzo zve COVID-19, wako wekuchengeta hutano anogona kusarudza kuti akuitire chirwere.

Kana iwe ukaongororwa COVID-19, swabs kubva kumashure kwemhino, kumberi kwemhino, kana huro ichaunganidzwa. Kana munhu achifungidzirwa kuti ane COVID-19, aya masampuli anozoongororwa SARS-CoV-2.

Kana iwe uchipora uri kumba, rutsigiro rubatsiro runopihwa kubatsira kubvisa zviratidzo. Vanhu vane chirwere chakakomba vacharapwa muchipatara. Vamwe vanhu vari kupihwa mishonga yekuyedza.

Kana iwe uri kuchengetwa muchipatara uye urikugamuchira oxygen oxygen, kurapwa kwe COVID-19 kunogona kusanganisira inotevera mishonga, iyo ichiri kuongororwa.

• Remdesivir, mushonga unorwisa hutachiona, kubatsira kudzora hutachiona. Mushonga uyu unopihwa kuburikidza netsinga (IV).
• Dexamethasone, mushonga we steroid, kubatsira kubatsira kudzikisira immune immune mumuviri. Kana dexamethasone isipo, unogona kupihwa imwe corticosteroid yakadai se prednisone, methylprednisolone kana hydrocortisone.
• Zvichienderana nemamiriro ako ezvinhu, unogona kupihwa mumwe kana mumwe mushonga, kana mishonga yacho pamwe chete.
• Iwe unozorapwa kune chero matambudziko kubva kuchirwere. Semuenzaniso, unogona kupihwa ropa rinoonda kuti ubatsire kudzikisa mukana wekugwamba kweropa, kana iwe unogona kunge uine dialysis kana itsvo dzako dzisingashande nemazvo.

Kana iwe ukayedza zvakanaka kune COVID-19 uye uri panjodzi huru yechirwere chakakomba kubva kuchirwere, mupi wako anogona kukurudzira mishonga inonzi monoclonal antibodies.

Bamlanivimab kana casirivimab pamwe nemdevimab ndiwo mairi marimeni akadaro akabvumidzwa kushandiswa kwechimbichimbi neDFA. Kana ukapihwa nekukurumidza mushure mekutapukirwa, mishonga iyi inogona kubatsira immune system yako kurwisa hutachiona. Vanogona kupihwa kune vanhu vane hunyoro kusvika pakati nepakati kurwara vasina kuchipatara.

Dzimwe nzira dzekurapa, dzakadai seplasma kubva kuvanhu vaive neCOVID-19 uye vakaporeswa, iri kuongororwa, asi hapana humbowo hwakakwana kuvakurudzira panguva ino.

Kubva pane humbowo huripo, yazvino yekurapa nhungamiro kubva kuNational Institutes of Health inokurudzira kupokana nekushandisa mimwe mishonga yeCOVID-19, inosanganisira chloroquine uye hydroxychloroquine. Usatore chero mishonga kurapa COVID-19 kunze kweiyo yakatemwa nemupi wako. Tarisa nemubatsiri wako usati wazvirapa iwe kana mudiwa ane mavitamini, zvinovaka muviri, kana chero mishonga yakatemwa kare kune mamwe matambudziko ehutano.

Zvinetso zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kukuvadza kwemoyo nemidziyo yeropa, itsvo, huropi, ganda, maziso, uye nhengo dzemudumbu
• Kukundikana kwekufema
• Rufu

Iwe unofanirwa kubata mupi wako:

• Kana iwe uine zviratidzo uye uchifunga kuti ungave wakaratidzirwa kune COVID-19
• Kana uine COVID-19 uye zviratidzo zvako zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera

Fonera 911 kana iyo yemuno emergency emergency kana uine:

• Kunetseka kufema
• Kurwadziwa pachifuva kana kumanikidzwa
• Kuvhiringika kana kutadza kumuka
• Miromo yeblue kana kumeso
• Chero zvimwe zviratidzo zvakakomba kana zvinokunetsa iwe
  

Usati waenda kuhofisi yechiremba kana chipatara dhipatimendi rekukurumidzira (ED), fona pamberi uvaudze kuti unayo kana unofunga kuti ungave uine COVID-19. Vaudze nezve chero mamiriro ezvinhu aungave uine, akadai sehosha yemwoyo, chirwere cheshuga, kana chirwere chemapapu. Pfeka jira kumeso rine masiki kana maviri matete paunoshanyira hofisi kana ED, kunze kwekunge zvanyanya kuoma kufema. Izvi zvinobatsira kuchengetedza vamwe vanhu vaunosangana navo.

Mishonga yokudzivirira yeCOVID-19 inoshandiswa kusimudzira immune system uye kudzivirira kubva kuCOVID-19. Mishonga yokudzivirira iyi chishandiso chakakosha kubatsira kumisa denda re COVID-19.

Parizvino pane zvishoma zvigadzirwa zveCCVID-19 jekiseni. Nekuda kweizvi, CDC yaita kurudziro kuhurumende nehurumende dzemunharaunda nezvekuti ndiani anofanira kutanga majekiseni. Tarisa nebazi rako rezvehutano reruzivo kuti uwane ruzivo mudunhu rako.

Kunyangwe mushure mekugashira ese madosi emushonga, iwe uchave uchiri kuda kuramba uchipfeka chifukidzo, kugara unenge tsoka nhanhatu kubva kune vamwe, uye kugeza maoko ako kazhinji.

Nyanzvi dzichiri kudzidza nezve kuti majekiseni eCOVID-19 anopa sei dziviriro, saka tinofanirwa kuramba tichiita zvese zvatinogona kumisa kupararira. Semuenzaniso, hazvizivikanwe kana munhu akabayiwa jekiseni achiri kukwanisa kuparadzira hutachiona, kunyangwe ivo vachidzivirirwa pairi.

Neichi chikonzero, kudzamara zvakawanda zvazivikanwa, kushandisa majekiseni nematanho ekudzivirira vamwe ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekugara wakachengeteka uye uine hutano.

Kana iwe uine COVID-19 kana uine zviratidzo zvacho, unofanirwa kuzviparadzanisa wega kumba uye kudzivirira kusangana nevamwe vanhu, mukati nekunze kwemba yako, kuti urege kuparadzira chirwere. Izvi zvinonzi imba yekuzviparadzanisa kana kuzvimiririra wega. Iwe unofanirwa kuita izvi nekukasira uye kwete kumirira chero COVID-19 kuyedzwa.

• Zvakawanda sezvazvinogona, gara mune imwe kamuri uye kure nevamwe vari mumba mako. Shandisa yega yekugezera kana uchikwanisa. Usasiye imba yako kunze kwekunge waenda kunorapwa.
• Usafamba uchirwara. Usashandise zvifambiso zveruzhinji kana matekisi.
• Chengetedza zviratidzo zvako. Iwe unogona kugamuchira mirairo pamusoro pekuti ungatarise sei uye nekuzivisa zviratidzo zvako.
• Ramba uchitaurirana nachiremba wako. Usati waenda kuhofisi yechiremba kana dhipatimendi rekukurumidzira (ED), danaidza kumberi wovaudza kuti unayo kana unofunga kuti unogona kunge uine COVID-19.
• Shandisa chifukidzo kumeso paunoona wako mupi uye chero nguva vamwe vanhu vari mukamuri imwechete newe.Kana iwe usingakwanise kupfeka mask, semuenzaniso, nekuda kwekunetseka kwekufema, vanhu vari mumba mako vanofanirwa kupfeka chifukidzo kana vachida kuve mune imwechete kamuri newe.
• Dzivisa kusangana nezvipfuwo kana dzimwe mhuka. (SARS-CoV-2 inogona kupararira kubva kuvanhu ichienda kumhuka, asi hazvizivikanwe kuti izvi zvinoitika kangani.)
• Vhara muromo wako nemhino netissue kana ruoko rwako (kwete maoko ako) kana uchikosora kana kuhotsira. Madonhwe anosunungurwa kana munhu achihotsira kana kukosora ane chirwere. Kanda zvinyama mushure mekushandisa.
• Shamba maoko ako kakawanda pazuva nesipo uye nemvura inomhanya kweanosvika makumi maviri masekondi. Ita izvi usati wadya kana kugadzira chikafu, mushure mekushandisa chimbuzi, uye mushure mekukosora, kuhotsira, kana kufemera mhino. Shandisa doro-based ruoko sanitizer (inosvika 60% doro) kana sipo nemvura zvisipo.
• Dzivisa kubata kumeso kwako, maziso, mhuno, uye muromo nemaoko asina kugezwa.
• Usagovane zvinhu zvako zvakadai semikombe, midziyo yekudyira, matauro, kana zvekuvata. Geza chero chawakashandisa musipo nemvura.
• Chenesa nzvimbo dzese "dzepamusoro-kubata" mumba, dzakaita semabhawuni esuo, dzimba dzekugezera nedzemukicheni, zvimbuzi, nhare, mapiritsi, uye makara nezvimwe nzvimbo. Shandisa yekuchenesa imba uye tevera rairo dzekushandisa.

Iwe unofanirwa kugara pamba, dzivisa kusangana nevanhu, uye uteedzere kutungamira kwemupi wako uye nedhipatimendi rezvehutano nezvekuti unomira kupatsanurwa pamba riini.

Zvakakoshawo kubatsira kudzivirira kupararira kwechirwere kuchengetedza vanhu vari panjodzi huru yechirwere chakakomba uye kuchengetedza vanopa rubatsiro vari kumberi kwekutarisana neCOVID-19.

Nechikonzero ichocho, munhu wese anofanirwa kudzidzira kuwonekera kwemuviri. Izvi zvinoreva:

• Dzivisa nzvimbo dzakazara nevanhu uye kuungana kwevanhu vazhinji, senge nzvimbo dzekutengesera, dzimba dzemamuvhi, dzimba dzemakonzati, misangano, uye nhandare dzemitambo.
• Usaunganidze mumapoka akakura kupfuura gumi. Vashoma vanhu vaunopedza nguva navo, zvirinani.
• Gara dzinosvika matanhatu tsoka (2 metres) kubva kune vamwe vanhu.
• Shanda kubva kumba (kana iriyo sarudzo).
• Kana iwe uchifanira kuenda kunze, pfeka kumeso chifukidzo kana jira kumeso chifukidziro munzvimbo dzingave dzakaoma kuchengetedza kureba kwemuviri, senge kuchitoro.

Kuti uone zviri kuitika munharaunda yako, tarisa webhusaiti yako yemuno kana yenyika.

Dzidza zvakawanda nezve COVID-19 uye iwe:

• rezvisolutions.nl
• www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

Yezvazvino ruzivo rwekutsvagisa:

• covid19.nih.gov

Ruzivo nezve COVID-19 kubva kuWorld Health Organisation:

• www.who.int/emergency/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019

Coronavirus - 2019; Coronavirus - inoverengeka 2019; 2019 coronavirus itsva uye ine ngozi; SARS-CoV-2

• COVID-19
• Coronavirus
• Kufuridzira system
• Yekumusoro kufema turakiti
• Lower yekufema turakiti
• Masiki ekumeso anodzivirira kupararira kwe COVID-19
• Kupfeka sei chifukidzo kumeso kudzivirira kupararira kwe COVID-19
• Mushonga unobetsera kudzivirira covid-19

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. COVID-19: Ungazvidzivirire sei & nevamwe. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.html. Yakagadziridzwa Kukadzi 4, 2021. Yakasvika muna Kukadzi 6, 2021.

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. COVID-19: Vashandi vehutano: Ruzivo nezve COVID-19. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/hcp/index.html. Yakagadziridzwa Kukadzi 11, 2020. Yakasvika muna Kukadzi 11, 2021.

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. COVID-19: Hutano hwepaguru nhungamiro yekuratidzwa kwakanangana nenharaunda. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/php/public-health-recommendations.html. Yakagadziridzwa Zvita 3, 2020. Yakasvika muna Kukadzi 6, 2021.

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. COVID-19: Inowanzo bvunzwa mibvunzo nezve COVID-19 yekudzivirira. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/faq.html. Yakagadziridzwa Ndira 25, 2021. Yakasvika muna Kukadzi 6, 2021.

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. COVID-19: Kurapa kwako mupi wezvehutano anogona kukurudzira kana iwe uchirwara. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/your-health/treatments-for-severe-illness.html. Yakagadziridzwa Zvita 8, 2020. Yakasvika muna Kukadzi 6, 2021.

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. COVID-19: Zvekuita kana uchirwara. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/if-you-are-sick/steps-when-sick.html. Yakagadziridzwa Zvita 31. Yakasvika muna Kukadzi 6, 2021.

National Institutes of Utano. COVID-19 nhungamiro yekurapa. Kurapa kwekurapa kwevarwere vane COVID-19. www.chipo19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/therapeutic-management/. Yakagadziridzwa Kukadzi 11, 2021. Yakasvika muna Kukadzi 11, 2021.