"Denda Rikuru Kupfuura Nhoroondo" Raive Makore 100 apfuura - Asi Vazhinji Vedu Tichiri Kuwana Chokwadi Chaicho Chakaipa
Zvemukati
- 1. Denda iri rakatangira kuSpain
- 2. Denda iri raive basa rehutachiona-hukuru
- 3. Mafungu ekutanga echirwere akanyanya kuuraya
- 4. Hutachiona hwakauraya vanhu vazhinji vaibatwa nahwo
- 5. Mishonga yezuva iri yainge isina chayakabata pachirwere
- 6. Denda rakakunda nhau dzezuva
- 7. Denda rakachinja nzira yeHondo Yenyika I
- 8. Kubaya nhomba kwakaparadza chirwere ichi
- 9. Majini ehutachiona haasati akateedzana
- 10. Denda ra1918 rinopa zvidzidzo zvishoma zvegore ra2018
Isu tinosanganisira zvigadzirwa zvatinofunga zvinobatsira kuvaverengi vedu. Kana iwe ukatenga kuburikidza nehukama pane ino peji, isu tinogona kuwana diki komisheni. Heano maitiro edu.
Gore rino rinocherekedza makore zana ekuberekwa kwehosha huru yefuruwenza ya 1918. Pakati pevanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni makumi mashanu kusvika zana vanofungidzirwa kuti vakafa, vachimiririra zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana zvevagari vepasi rose. Hafu yebhiriyoni yevanhu vakatapukirwa.
Kunyanya kushamisa kwaive fungidziro yefuruu ya1918 yekutora hupenyu hwevamwe vakuru vechidiki vane hutano, zvinopesana nevana nevakweguru, avo vanowanzotambura zvakanyanya. Vamwe vakaudana kuti denda gurusa munhau.
Iyo 1918 furuwenza denda rave rakagara riri nyaya yekufungidzira pamusoro pezana ramakore rapfuura. Vanyori venhoroondo nevasayendisiti vafambira mberi akawanda mafungidziro maererano nekwakatangira, kupararira nemhedzisiro Nekuda kweizvozvo, vazhinji vedu tinofungidzira zvisirizvo nezvazvo.
Nekugadzirisa izvi gumi nhema, tinogona kunyatsonzwisisa zvakaitika chaizvo uye kudzidza kudzivirira nekuderedza njodzi dzakadai mune ramangwana.
1. Denda iri rakatangira kuSpain
Hapana munhu anotenda izvo zvinonzi "Spanish flu" yakatanga muSpain.
Denda iri rinogona kunge rakawana zita remadunhurirwa iri nekuda kweHondo Yenyika I, iyo yaive ichizara panguva iyoyo. Nyika huru dzakabatanidzwa muhondo dzaishuvira kudzivisa kukurudzira vavengi vadzo, saka mishumo yekukura kwefuruwenza yakadzvanywa kuGerman, Austria, France, United Kingdom neUS Zvakapesana, kwaisarerekera Spain yaive isina chikonzero chekuchengeta furuu. pasi pekuputirwa. Izvo zvakagadzira fungidziro yenhema yekuti Spain yanga ichitakura hosha.
Muchokwadi, iyo nzvimbo yakatangira furuwenza inopikiswa nanhasi, asi fungidziro dzakaratidza East Asia, Europe uye kunyangwe Kansas.
2. Denda iri raive basa rehutachiona-hukuru
Furuu ya1918 yakapararira nekukurumidza, ichiuraya vanhu zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu mumwedzi mitanhatu yekutanga chete. Izvi zvakaita kuti vamwe vatye kupera kwevanhu, uye zvakagara zvichikurudzira fungidziro yekuti furuwenza yainyanya kuuraya.
Nekudaro, ongororo ichangoburwa inoratidza kuti hutachiona pachahwo, kunyangwe hunowuraya zvakanyanya kupfuura mamwe marudzi, hwakanga husina kunyatsosiyana nehwavo hwakakonzera madenda mune mamwe makore.
Zvizhinji zvehuwandu hwekufa zvakanyanya hunogona kukonzerwa nekuzara mumisasa yemauto nenzvimbo dzemadhorobha, pamwe nehutano husina kunaka uye hutsanana, hwaitambura munguva yehondo. Ikozvino kwafungwa kuti dzakawanda dzerufu dzakakonzerwa nekuvandudzwa kwehutachiona pneumonia mumapapu asina simba nefuruwenza.
3. Mafungu ekutanga echirwere akanyanya kuuraya
Chaizvoizvo, mafungu ekutanga erufu kubva mudenda muhafu yekutanga ya1918 aive akaderera.
Yakanga iri mune yechipiri wave, kubva munaGumiguru kusvika Zvita wegore iro, ndipo pakatariswa huwandu hwepamusoro hwekufa. Wave wechitatu muchirimo cha1919 waive wakauraya kupfuura wekutanga asi wakaderera pane wechipiri.
Masayendisiti ikozvino anotenda kuti kuwedzera kwakacherechedzwa kwerufu muchipiri wave kwakakonzerwa nemamiriro ezvinhu aifarira kupararira kwechirwere chinouraya. Vanhu vane zvinyoro-nyoro vaigara kudzimba, asi avo vaive nezviitiko zvakakomba vaiwanzounganidzwa pamwe chete muzvipatara nemumisasa, vachiwedzera kutapurirana kwechimwe chirwere chinouraya.
4. Hutachiona hwakauraya vanhu vazhinji vaibatwa nahwo
Muchokwadi, ruzhinji rwevanhu vakabatwa nefuruu ya1918 vakapona. Huwandu hwerufu munyika pakati pevane hutachiona kazhinji haupfuure makumi maviri muzana.
Zvisinei, kufa kwehuwandu kwakasiyana pakati pemapoka akasiyana. MuUS, kufa kwainyanya kukwirira pakati pevaNative American vanhu, pamwe nekuda kwemitengo yakaderera yekuratidzwa kumatambudziko ekare efuruwenza. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, nzanga dzese dzevaNative dzakaparadzwa.
Ehe, kunyange 20 muzana yehuwandu hwekufa hunopfuura zvakanyanya, izvo zvinouraya isingasviki muzana muzana yeavo vane hutachiona.
5. Mishonga yezuva iri yainge isina chayakabata pachirwere
Hapana chaiwo ekurwisa-hutachiona kurapwa kwaiwanikwa panguva ya1918 flu. Izvo zvichiri kunyanya kuitika nhasi, uko kurapwa kwakawanda kwefuruu kunovavarira kutsigira varwere, pane kuvarapa.
Imwe fungidziro inoratidza kuti kufa kwakawanda kwefuruu kunogona kuve kunzi kune aspirin chepfu. Vezvoutano panguva iyoyo vakakurudzira madhizaini makuru easpirin anosvika magiramu makumi matatu pazuva. Nhasi, anenge magiramu mana angafungidzirwa seyakanyanya yakachengetedzeka zuva nezuva dosi. Makuru madhizaini easpirinini anogona kutungamira kuzviratidzo zvehosha, kusanganisira kubuda ropa.
Zvisinei, huwandu hwerufu hunoratidzika kunge hwaive hwakaenzana zvakaenzana mune dzimwe nzvimbo pasi pano apo asipurini yanga isingawanikwe nyore, saka gakava rinoenderera mberi.
6. Denda rakakunda nhau dzezuva
Vashandi vehutano hweveruzhinji, vanoita zvekuchengetedzwa kwemitemo uye vezvematongerwo enyika vaive nezvikonzero zvekushushikana kwechirwere che1918, izvo zvakakonzera kushomeka kushoma mupepanhau. Pamusoro pekutya kuti kuburitswa kwakazara kunogona kusimbisa vavengi panguva yehondo, ivo vaida kuchengetedza runyararo uye kudzivirira kutya.
Zvisinei, vakuru vakuru vakapindura. Pakukwirira kwedenda, kuiswa kwega kwakaiswa mumaguta mazhinji. Vamwe vakamanikidzwa kudzora mabasa akakosha, kusanganisira mapurisa nemoto.
7. Denda rakachinja nzira yeHondo Yenyika I
Hazvigoneki kuti dzihwa rakachinja mabudiro eHondo Yenyika I, nekuti varwi pamativi ese enhandare vakakanganiswa zvakaenzana.
Zvisinei, hapana mubvunzo kuti hondo ndiyo nzira yedenda. Kuisa mamirioni emauto kwakagadzira mamiriro akakodzera ekuvandudza kweanotyisa hutachiona uye kupararira kwawo kutenderera pasirese.
8. Kubaya nhomba kwakaparadza chirwere ichi
Kubaya majekiseni ekudzivirira furuu sekuziva kwedu nhasi kwanga kusingaitwe muna1918, uye nekudaro hakuna kuita basa mukumisa denda iri.
Kuratidzirwa kumatambudziko epamberi efuruu kunogona kunge kwakapa dziviriro. Semuenzaniso, masoja anga akashanda muchiuto kwemakore akatambura mwero wakaderera wekufa kupfuura vatsva.
Uye zvakare, hutachiona hunokurumidza kuchinja hunogona kunge hwakashanduka nekufamba kwenguva kuita maronda asina kuuraya. Izvi zvakafanotaurwa nemamodeli esarudzo yakasikwa. Nekuti mhando dzinouraya zvakanyanya dzinouraya muenzi wavo nekukurumidza, haigone kupararira zviri nyore senzira shoma dzinouraya.
9. Majini ehutachiona haasati akateedzana
Muna 2005, vatsvagiri vakazivisa kuti vakabudirira kugadzirisa kuteedzana kweutachiona hwefuruwenza hwa1918. Hutachiona hwakatorerwa kubva mumuviri wemunhu akarwara nefuruwenza akavigwa mu permafrost yeAlaska, pamwe nemuenzaniso wemasoja eAmerica akarwara panguva iyoyo.
Makore maviri gare gare, hutachiona hutachiona hwakawanikwa kuratidza zviratidzo zvinoonekwa panguva yedenda. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti tsoko idzi dzakafa apo masoja emuviri wavo akanyanyisa kuita hutachiona, inonzi "cytokine dutu." Masayendisiti ikozvino anotenda kuti yakafanana immune system kunyanyisa kwakakonzera kuwanda kwerufu pakati pevamwe vechidiki vane hutano muna 1918.
10. Denda ra1918 rinopa zvidzidzo zvishoma zvegore ra2018
Hosha dzefuruwenza dzakanyanya dzinowanzoitika nguva dzese. Nyanzvi dzinotenda kuti unotevera mubvunzo kwete wekuti "kana" asi "riini."
Nepo vashoma vanhu vapenyu vanogona kuyeuka chirwere chakakura chefuruu cha1918, isu tinogona kuenderera mberi nekudzidza zvidzidzo zvaro, izvo zvinobva pakukosha kwe commonsense yekugeza maoko nemajekiseni kune kugona kwemishonga inorwisa hutachiona. Nhasi tinoziva zvakawanda pamusoro pekuparadzanisa nekubata huwandu hwakawanda hwevarwere nevanofa, uye tinogona kupa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, isingawanikwe muna 1918, kurwisa hutachiona hwechipiri hwehutachiona. Zvichida tariro yakanakisa iri mukuvandudza kudya kunovaka muviri, hutsanana uye nemararamiro, izvo zvinoita kuti varwere vakwanise kurwisa hutachiona.
Nezve ramangwana rinotaridzika, hosha dzechirwere dzicharamba dzichingova chinhu chegoreghende che rhythm yehupenyu hwevanhu. Senzanga, tinogona chete kutarisira kuti takadzidza zvikuru denda rezvidzidzo zvakakwana kunyaradza imwe njodzi yakadaro yepasirese.
Chinyorwa ichi chakatanga kuburitswa pane Iyo Kukurukurirana.
Richard Gunderman ndiChancellor's Professor weRadiology, Pediatrics, Medical Education, Philosophy, Liberal Arts, Philanthropy, uye Medical Humanities uye Health Studies kuIndiana University.