Asthma neCOPD: Maitiro Ekuudza Musiyano

Zvemukati

• Zera
• Zvinokonzera
• Asima
• COPD
• Zvinokonzera zvakasiyana
• Asima
• COPD
• Zviratidzo
• Kusvirana
• Kurapa
• Asima
• Outlook

Nei asima uye COPD zvinowanzo nyonganiswa

Chirwere chisingaperi chinodzivirira pulmonary chirwere (COPD) izwi rakajairika rinotsanangura zvinofambira mberi zvirwere zvekufema senge emphysema uye chisingaperi bronchitis. COPD inoratidzirwa nekuderera kwekufema kwemhepo nekufamba kwenguva, pamwe nekuzvimba kwemasuru ayo anotenderera munzira yemhepo.

Asima inowanzoonekwa seyakasiyana yekufema chirwere, asi dzimwe nguva inokanganisa neCOPD. Ivo vaviri vane zviratidzo zvakafanana. Zviratidzo izvi zvinosanganisira kukosora kusingaperi, kufema, uye kufema.

Zvinoenderana neiyo (NIH), vakatenderedza mamirioni makumi maviri nemana vekuAmerican vane COPD. Vanenge hafu yavo havazive kuti vanayo. Kuteerera zviratidzo - kunyanya kune vanhu vanosvuta, kana kutoshandisa kuputa - zvinogona kubatsira avo vane COPD kuwana chirwere chekutanga. Kutanga kuongororwa kunogona kuve kwakakosha kuchengetedza basa remapapu muvanhu vane COPD.

Nezve vanhu vane COPD zvakare vane asthma. Chirwere chinonzi chinonzi asthma chinoonekwa sengozi yekuvandudza COPD. Mukana wako wekutora izvi zviviri kuongororwa unowedzera paunenge uchikura.

Chirwere neCOPD chingaite senge chakafanana, asi kunyatso tarisa pazvinhu zvinotevera kunogona kukubatsira iwe kutaurira mutsauko pakati pemamiriro maviri aya.

Zera

Kuvharirwa kwemweya kunoitika nezvirwere zvese izvi. Iyo zera rekutanga mharidzo kazhinji ndiyo inosiyanisa chimiro pakati peCOPD neasthma.

Vanhu vane asthma vanowanzoonekwa sevana, sezvakataurwa naDr.Neil Schachter, director wezvekurapa wedhipatimendi rekufema reMount Sinai Hospital muNew York. Kune rimwe divi, zviratidzo zveCOPD zvinowanzo kuratidza chete kune vanhu vakuru vanopfuura makore makumi mana vari vapari veazvino kana vekare, maererano ne.

Zvinokonzera

Izvo zvinokonzeresa asthma neCOPD zvakasiyana.

Asima

Nyanzvi hadzina chokwadi nei vamwe vanhu vachiwana asthma, nepo vamwe vasina. Zvichida zvinokonzerwa nemubatanidzwa wezvakatipoteredza uye zvakagarwa nhaka (majini) zvinhu. Zvinozivikanwa kuti kuratidzwa kune mamwe marudzi ezvinhu (allergener) kunogona kukonzera kurwara. Izvi zvinosiyana pamunhu nemunhu. Zvimwe zvinowanzoitika zveasthma zvinosanganisira: mukume, guruva mites, chakuvhuvhu, bvudzi remhuka, hutachiona hwekufema, kurovedza muviri, mweya unotonhorera, utsi, mimwe mishonga yakadai se beta blockers neaspirin, kushushikana, sulfite uye mishonga yekuchengetedza yakawedzerwa kune zvimwe zvinwiwa uye zvinwiwa, uye gastroesophageal Reflux chirwere (GERD).

COPD

Chikonzero chinozivikanwa cheCOPD mune nyika dzakasimukira kuputa. Munyika dzichiri kusimukira, zvinokonzerwa nekuratidzira hutsi hunobva pakupisa mafuta ekubikisa nekupisa. Sekureva kweMayo Clinic, makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu muzana yevanhu vanosvuta nguva dzese vanogadzira COPD. Kuputa uye utsi zvinotsamwisa mapapu, zvichikonzera bronchial machubhu uye masaga emweya kurasikirwa nehusimbe hwayo uye kuwedzera-kuwedzera, izvo zvinosiya mweya wakabatirwa mumapapu paunobuda.

Vanenge chikamu chimwe muzana chevanhu vane COPD vanokudziridza chirwere ichi semhedzisiro yeinjini yekukonzeresa iyo inokonzeresa mashoma mapuroteni anonzi alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAt). Iyi protein inobatsira kuchengetedza mapapu. Pasina kukwana kwayo, kukuvara kwemapapu kunoitika zviri nyore, kwete mukusvuta kwenguva refu chete asiwo mune vacheche nevana vasina kumboputa.

Zvinokonzera zvakasiyana

Izvo zvinokonzeresa zvinokonzeresa zvinokonzeresa COPD maringe neasthma maitiro zvakasiyanawo.

Asima

Chirwere chepfu chinowanzoitwa zvakanyanya nekutsvaga kune zvinotevera:

• allergens
• mhepo inotonhora
• kurovedza muviri

COPD

Kuwedzera kweCOPD kunonyanya kukonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwakadai semabayo uye dzihwa. COPD inogona zvakare kuve yakashatiswa nekuratidzwa kune zvinosvibisa zvakatipoteredza.

Zviratidzo

COPD uye asthma zviratidzo zvinoita kunge zvekunze zvakafanana, kunyanya kupfupika kwemweya kunoitika muzvirwere zvese izvi. Airway hyper-Responseness (apo yako yemhepo inowira zvakanyanya kune zvinhu zvaunopinza) chinhu chinowanzoitika chese asthma neCOPD.

Kusvirana

Comorbidities zvirwere nezvimiro zvaunazvo mukuwedzera kuchirwere chikuru. Makomoridha easthma neCOPD anowanzo fanika. Zvinosanganisira:

• BP
• kutadza kufamba
• kushaya hope
• sinusitis
• migraine
• kuora mwoyo
• maronda emudumbu
• gomarara

Mumwe akawana kuti vanopfuura makumi maviri muzana yevanhu vane COPD vane matatu kana anopfuura mamiriro e comorbid.

Kurapa

Asima

Chirwere chirwere chemazuva mazhinji asi ndechimwe chinogona kurapwa nemushonga wakakodzera. Chimwe chikamu chikuru chekurapa chinosanganisira kuziva ako asthma zvinokonzeresa uye kutora matanho ekuzvidzivirira. Zvakakoshawo kuti utarise kufema kwako kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mishonga yako yeasthma yezuva nezuva iri kushanda nemazvo. Kurapa kwakajairika kweasthma kunosanganisira:

• mishonga yekukurumidza-yekubatsira (bronchodilators) senge pfupi-inoshanda beta agonists, ipratropium (Atrovent), uye nemuromo uye intravenous corticosteroids
• mishonga yemakemikari senge allergy shots (immunotherapy) uye omalizumab (Xolair)
• kwenguva refu-asthma kudzora mishonga senge inhaled corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiers, marefu-anoita beta agonists, mubatanidzwa inhalers uye theophylline
• bronchial thermoplasty

Bronchial thermoplasty inosanganisira kupisa mukati memapapu nemumhepo pamwe ne electrode. Inodzosera musuru wakatsetseka mukati memhepo. Izvi zvinoderedza kugona kwemweya wekusimbisa, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kufema uye pamwe nekuderedza kurwiswa kweasthma.

Outlook

Ose maviri asthma neCOPD ndezvenguva refu mamiriro asingakwanise kurapwa, asi maonero eumwe neumwe anosiyana. Asima inowanzo kuve inodzorwa zviri nyore zuva nezuva. Ipo COPD inowedzera kuwedzera nekufamba kwenguva. Nepo vanhu vane asthma neCOPD vachiwanzo kuve nezvirwere zvehupenyu hwese, mune dzimwe nguva dzehutachiona hwechirwere, chirwere ichi chinopera zvachose mushure mehudiki Vese asthma neCOPD varwere vanogona kudzora zviratidzo zvavo uye kudzivirira kusagadzikana nekuomerera kune avo marongero ekurapa zvirongwa.