Cataract: chii chiri, zviratidzo, zvinokonzera uye kurapwa

Zvemukati

• Zviratidzo zvikuru
• Zvinogona kukonzerwa
• Mhando dzekati
• 1. Senile cataract
• 2. Kuberekwa kwemaziso
• 3. Kunetseka cataract
• 4. Dunduru rechipiri
• Maitiro ekusimbisa kuongororwa
• Kurapwa kunoitwa sei
• Nzira yekudzivirira cataract

Cataract chirwere chisina marwadzo chinokanganisa lens yeziso, zvichitungamira mukufambira mberi kurasikirwa kwemaonero. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo lens, inova yakajeka dhizaini iri kuseri kwemudzidzi, inoshanda senge lens uye inoenderana nekutarisa uye kuverenga. Mumakata, iyo lenzi inoonekera uye ziso rinoratidzika kuva rakachenuruka, zvichideredza chiono icho chinova chisina kujeka uye zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekunzwa kwechiedza, semuenzaniso.

Chikonzero chikuru chechirwere ichi kuchembera kwema lens uye, nekudaro, kwakajairika muvanhu vakura, asi zvinogona kukonzerwawo nezvimwe zvinhu, zvakaita seshuga, kushandiswa kwekusarudzika kwemadonhwe eziso kana mishonga ine corticosteroids, kurohwa , hutachiona hwemaziso kana kuputa. Kurwara kunorapika, asi kuvhiya kunofanirwa kuitwa nekukurumidza apo kuongororwa kwacho kunogadziriswa kuitira kuti usakwanise kuona zvakakwana.

Zviratidzo zvikuru

Hunhu hukuru hwemakatarakoni iko kushanduka kweruvara rweziso rinova jena, zvisinei zvimwe zviratidzo zvingamuka ndezvi:

• Zvakaoma kuona uye kuona mifananidzo;

• Ona vanhu vakatsauswa vane misara isina kujeka uye isina kujeka;

• Ona zvinhu zvakapetwa nevanhu;

• Blurry chiratidzo;

• Kunzwa kwekuona mwenje uchipenya nekuwedzera kusimba uye nekuumbwa kwe halos kana halos;

• Kuwedzera kunzwisisika kuchiedza;

• Zvakaoma pakusiyanisa mavara zvakanaka uye kuziva matoni akafanana;

• Kazhinji shanduko mune mwero wemagirazi.

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuoneka pamwe chete kana zvakasiyana, uye zvinofanirwa kuongororwa ne ophthalmologist kuitira kuti kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwakakodzera kuvepo.

Zvinogona kukonzerwa

Chikonzero chikuru checataract kukwegura kwechisikigo, nekuti iro reziso rinotanga kushomeka zvishoma, risingachinjiki uye rakakora uye, mukuwedzera, muviri haukwanisi kupa muviri nhengo iyi.

Zvisinei, kune zvimwe zvikonzero, zvakadai se:

• Kunyanyisa radiation: radiation yezuva kana matumba ekuchenesa uye maX-ray anogona kukanganisa kudzivirira kwechisikirwo kwemaziso uye nekudaro kuwedzera njodzi yekukura kwemaziso;

• Inorova muziso: cataract inogona kuitika mushure mekukuvara kuziso senge kurohwa kana kukuvara nezvinhu zvinopinda zvinokanganisa lens;

• Chirwere cheshuga: chirwere cheshuga chinogona kukonzera shanduko muziso, kunyanya kana huwandu hweshuga yeropa iri pamusoro peyakajairwa mareferenzi. Ona kumwe kuchinja kweziso kunokonzerwa nechirwere cheshuga;

• Hypothyroidism: kuwedzera kweiyo lens kunogona kuitika kune vanhu vane hypothyroidism uye, kunyangwe isingawanzo kujairika, inogona kukonzera katsi;

• Zvirwere uye maitiro ekuzvimba: mune iyi kesi, kutapukirwa senge conjunctivitis uye kuzvimba mamiriro senge uveitis, inogona kuwedzera njodzi yekukura kwemaziso;

  
  

• Dambudziko glaucoma, pathological myopia kana yapfuura kuvhiya kwemaziso: zvese glaucoma pachayo uye kurapwa kwayo kunogona kutungamira kumakata, pamwe nehutachiona myopia kana kuvhiya kwemaziso;

• Kunyanyisa kushandiswa kwemishonga: Kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemishonga inodarika-ye-iyo, kunyanya madonhwe eziso ane corticosteroids, anogona kutungamira kumaziso. Ziva kuti ndeipi mimwe mishonga ingakonzere cataract;

• Kusakwana kwemucheche: kumwe kuchinja kwemajini kunogona kutungamira mukukanganisika kwemajini eziso, kukanganisa chimiro chavo, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa kuona.

Zvimwe zvezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yekuvandudza makata senge kunyanyisa kunwa zvinwiwa zvinodhaka, kuputa, nhoroondo yemhuri yemakata, kukwirisa kweropa uye kufutisa, semuenzaniso.

Zvichienderana nechakakonzera, cataract inogona kutorwa seinowanikwa kana kuberekwa, asi iyo yekuzvarwa haina kujairika uye inowanzoonekwa kana paine zvimwe zviitiko mumhuri.

Mhando dzekati

Makaroketi anogona kukamurwa kuita akati wandei zvinoenderana nechikonzero chavo. Izvo zvakakosha kuti ubvunze chiremba wako weziso kuti uone mhando yemacataract uye nekuita kurapwa kwakakodzera kwazvo.

1. Senile cataract

Senile cataract ane hukama nezera, kazhinji anoonekwa mushure memakore makumi mashanu ekuberekwa uye anoitika nekuda kwekukwegura kwehunhu hwemuviri.

Kune matatu marudzi eane senile cataract:

• Nyukliya cataract: iyo inoumbwa pakati pe lens, ichipa ziso jena jena;

• Cortical cataract: inoitika mumatunhu ekupedzisira eiyo lens uye kazhinji haivhiringidze kuona kwepakati;

• Posterior subcapsular cataract: mhando iyi yemukaka inomuka pasi pecapsule iyo inotenderedza lens kumashure uye inowanzobatanidzwa nechirwere cheshuga kana kushandiswa kwemishonga yakadai secorticosteroids.

2. Kuberekwa kwemaziso

Congenital cataract inoenderana nekusagadzikana kweiyo lens panguva yekukura kwechecheche, iyo inogona kukanganisa rimwe kana maziso ese uye inogona kuzivikanwa nekukurumidza mushure mekuzvarwa, ichiri muwadhi yekubereka, kuburikidza nemuyedzo weziso. Kamwe kuongororwa kwacho kwaitwa, zvakakosha kuita kuvhiya nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona kudzivirira zvachose kuona kusagadzikana kana mamwe matambudziko emaziso panguva yekukura.

Izvo zvinokonzeresa kuberekwa kwemaziso kungangove genetiki kana nekuda kwekukanganisa mune lens yemucheche panguva yekuzvitakura, mukuwedzera kuzvirwere zvemetaboli senge galactosemia, hutachiona hwakadai rubella, kushandiswa kwemishonga yakadai secorticosteroids kana kushaya zvinovaka muviri panguva yekuzvitakura, semuenzaniso.

Dzidza zvakawanda nezve kuberekwa cataract.

3. Kunetseka cataract

Traumatic cataract inogona kuitika mune chero munhu nekuda kwetsaona, kukuvara kana kushungurudzika kumeso, senge zvibhakera, kurova kana kupindira kwezvinhu mumaziso, semuenzaniso. Rudzi urwu rwecataract kazhinji haruitike pakarepo mushure mekushungurudzika, uye zvinogona kutora makore kukura.

4. Dunduru rechipiri

Secondary cataract inoitika nekuda kwezvirwere zvakaita seshuga kana hypothyroidism kana kushandiswa kwemishonga yakadai secorticosteroids, semuenzaniso. Zvakakosha kuchengetedza kurapwa kwekutevera kwezvirwere izvi uye kushandiswa kwemishonga kudzikisa njodzi yekuva nemaziso.

Tarisa uone gumi akapusa matipi ekudzora chirwere cheshuga.

Maitiro ekusimbisa kuongororwa

Kuongororwa kwemakata kunoitwa na ophthalmologist kana uchiongorora nhoroondo, mishonga iri kushandiswa, huripo hurwere uye zvimwe zvinhu zvine njodzi. Pamusoro pezvo, kana uchiongorora maziso nechishandiso chinonzi ophthalmoscope, zvinokwanisika kuti uzive nzvimbo chaipo uye kukura kwecataract. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve bvunzo yeziso.

Panyaya yevana nevacheche, zvakakosha kuzivisa chiremba nezvezviratidzo zvekuti mwana anogona kunge aine cataract, senge kunetsekana kwekutarisa chakanangana nechinhu kana kuunza maoko kumaziso kazhinji, kunyanya kana achinge aoneswa nezuva. , Semuyenzaniso.

Kurapwa kunoitwa sei

Kurapa kwecataract kunogona kusanganisira kushandiswa kwemagirazi kana malenzi ekubatanidza kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuona, zvisinei, kurapwa chete kunokwanisa kurapa cataract kuvhiya uko lens inobviswa uye lenzi dzinoiswa munzvimbo. Dzidza zvakawanda nezvekuvhiya kwemaziso.

Nzira yekudzivirira cataract

Dzimwe nzira dzekuchengetedza dzinogona kutorwa kudzivirira kuoneka kwecataract, senge:

• Ita bvunzo dzemaziso nguva dzose;
• Usashandise madonhwe eziso uye tora mishonga, kunyanya corticosteroids, pasina zano rekurapa;
• Pfeka magirazi ezuva ekudzivirira kusvibiswa nemwaranzi ye UV;
• Regedza kusvuta;
• Deredza kunwa kwezvinwiwa zvinodhaka;
• Kudzora chirwere cheshuga;
• Chengetedza uremu hwakakodzera.

Uye zvakare, zvakakosha kuchengetedza chikafu chine hutano chine mavitamini A, B12, C uye E, zvicherwa zvakaita secalcium, phosphorus uye zinc uye antioxidants senge omega 3 iripo muhove, algae nembeu dzakadai sechia neflakisi, semuenzaniso, sezvo ivo vachigona kubatsira kudzivirira kupenya kwemaziso uye kudzivirira maziso kubva mukukwegura kwepanyama.