Kupfupisa Pamusoro Pekupokana Kwevatambi veTransgender - uye Nei Vachikodzera Rutsigiro Rwako Ruzere

Zvemukati

• Sei Tiri Kutaura Nezve Transgender Vatambi Zvino
• Mazhinji eMabhiri Aya Anopatsanura Zvikwata Ne 'Biological Bonde'
• Icho Chikuru Chikumbiro: Transgender Vasikana Vane "Kusarongeka Kubatsira"
• Zvinorehwa Aya maBhiri kuTransgender Vatambi
• Sei Cisgender Allies Vanogona Kuratidza Tsigiro Yavo
• Ongororo ye

Nenhamba iri kuwedzera yenzvimbo dzeveruzhinji kugadzirisa magonhi avo ekugezera nezviratidzo zve "All Gender Welcome", Pose kuwana mbiri mbiri dzeGolden Globe, uye Laverne Cox naElliot Peji vachisimbisa nzvimbo dzavo semazita emhuri, ichokwadi kuti, munzvimbo zhinji, maonero enharaunda akatarisana nevakadzi (pakupedzisira) ari kuchinja, uye achiwedzera kugamuchira vanhu vevanhu vanoita zvepabonde.

Asi vatambi ve transgender vari mudare, mudziva, uye pamurwi vari kusangana nemamiriro akasiyana kwazvo munyika yemitambo.

"Mumatunhu akawanda munyika yose, kwave nekuedza kurambidza vatambi ve transgender kutora chikamu mumitambo yechikoro pazvikwata zvinoenderana nezvavari," anotsanangura Casey Pick mumwe mukuru wekumiririra uye nyaya dzehurumende kuThe Trevor Project. , isingabatsiri yakanangana nekudzivirira kuzviuraya kune ngochani, ngochani, bisexual, transgender, queer, uye kubvunza vechidiki. Padanho rekutanga, izvo zvinoreva kuti vasikana vetransgender mumatunhu iwayo vanorambidzwa zviri pamutemo kutora chikamu mumitambo nevamwe vasikana, uye vakomana vetransgender havagone kutora chikamu mumitambo nevakomana vetransgender. Asi chera zvakadzika, uye iwe unozoona kuti izvi zvinorambidzwa zvine zvirevo zvakanyanya kupfuura kungoita varsity rosters.

Verenga pamusoro kuti unzwisise zvirinani kuti kurambidzwa uku kuri kuitiswa izvozvi, zvavanoreva kune vatambi ve transgender, uyezve kuti nei fani ye "kurongeka" iyo yakakomberedza kurambidzwa uku haisi izvo zvinoita.

Sei Tiri Kutaura Nezve Transgender Vatambi Zvino

Mitumbi yevadiki (vasikana, vakadzi, vasiri mabhinary folks) yagara iri manyuko efungidziro uye rusarura mumitambo. Tarisa pane zvese zvakaitika naCaster Semenya, mutambi wemakwikwi eOlympic kaviri. Semenya akaongororwa muviri zvakaipisisa kubvira 2009 mushure mekunge apwanya mujaho wemamita 800 kumakwikwi epasi rose muBerlin, Germany. Akawanikwa aine hyperandrogenism, zvinoreva kuti mazinga ake e testosterone akareba kupfuura "chiyero chevakadzi." Kubva ipapo, anga achipfuura nhevedzano yekurwa kwakanyanya neInternational Association of Athletics Federations kudzivirira mazita ake uye kodzero yekumhanya muchikamu chevakadzi kuenda kumberi.

Nekudaro, iyo iri kuuya Tokyo Olimpiki uye nhau dzichangoburwa dzakatenderedza transgender mumhanyi CeCé Telfer akaisa nuances nematambudziko ekugadzirisa transgender mitambo munzvimbo inotariswa zvakare. Telfer haazobvumidzwa kukwikwidza mumitambo yeOlympic yeU.S.madzimai emamita mazana mana nekuti haana kuzadzikisa zvinodiwa neWorld Athletics, dare rinotonga pasi rose rekumhanyisa mitambo, sekureva kweAssociated Press. Zvinodikanwa zvekukodzera - izvo zvakaburitswa mu2019 uye zvinosanganisira, semuenzaniso, kuti iwo mazinga e testosterone anofanirwa kunge ari pazasi mashanu nanomoles pa litre kwehafu yemwedzi gumi nemaviri - akavhara zviitiko zvevakadzi vepasi rese pakati pemamita mazana mana uye mamaira kune vatambi vasina kusangana ivo. Kunyangwe paine kudzikisira, Telfer anoita kunge ari kutora mutongo nhanho. Mutsamba ye Instagram nguva pfupi yapfuura nyaya iyi yabuda, Telfer akanyora, "Hazvigoni kumira hazvimire". Hapana chingazobata izvi. Ini ndiri mutambudzi waMwari uye musoja futi. Ndinozviitira vanhu uye ndinoitira iwe ❤️🌈💜💛."

Zvadaro, musi waChikunguru 2, vamwe vatambi vaviri vakanzi havakodzeri kukwikwidza mune zvimwe zviitiko zvevakadzi paMitambo iri kuuya nekuda kwemazinga avo e testosterone, kunyangwe vaive cisgender; Vatambi veNamibia Christine Mboma naBeatrice Masilingi, vese vane makore gumi nemasere ekuberekwa, vakamanikidzwa kubuda muchiitiko chemamita mazana mana mushure mekuedzwa kwakaratidza kuti mwero wavo we testosterone wakanyanya, sekurevachirevo chakaburitswa neNamibia National Olympic Committee. Mhedzisiro yavo yekuyedza yakaratidza kuti vese vatambi vane masosi epamusoro e testosterone anovaregeredza kubva kuzviitiko zviri pakati pemazana mana nemazana nemazana matanhatu emamita, maererano nemutemo weWorld Athletics; zvisinei, vachakwanisa kukwikwidza mumujaho we100-metres uye 200-mita muTokyo.

Hurumende yeNamibia yakapindura ichitsigira vatambi ava ichiti, “Bazi rezvemitambo rinokurudzira Athletics Namibia neNamibia National Olympics Committee kuti vataurirane neInternational Association of Athletics Federations (yava kunzi World Athletics) neInternational Olympics Committee kuti vatsvage nzira dzinoita kusabvisa chero mutambi nekuda kwemamiriro ezvinhu echisikirwo asiri ekugadzirwa kwavo, "maererano Reuters.

Asi iyo inotevera Olimpiki iri kure nechikonzero chete vatambi ve transgender vari kuita misoro, hazvo; nyika dzinoverengeka dzichangobva kutora matanho anochengetedza vadzidzi ve transgender kunze kwemitambo. Kubva kutanga kwa2021, Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, Montana, South Dakota, West Virginia, Tennessee, neFlorida vese vakagadza mitemo inochengetedza vadzidzi ve transgender kutora mukana kuchikwata chavo chevakakodzera muzvikoro zveruzhinji. Florida ndiyo nyika yazvino kuita kudaro, naGavhuna weFlorida Ron DeSantis achisaina bhiri rekunyepedzera rakadaidzwa kuti, "Fairness in Women's Sports Act" musi waChikumi 1 wegore rino (iro, hongu, rinova zuva rekutanga reMwedzi Wokudada). Mamwe makumi emamwe matunhu (North Carolina, Texas, Michigan, uye Oklahoma kungodoma mashoma) parizvino vari kuyedza kupasisa mutemo wakafanana.

Ruzha rukuru rwakakomberedza mabhiri aya rwatungamira veruzhinji kuti vatende kuti madiki, epasi anotyisa masangano ari kukonzera moto uyu wekutyisa - asi izvi handizvo. Asi, "izvi zviri kuratidzwa ne national anti-LGBTQ masangano akadai seAlliance Defending Freedom, ane chinangwa chikuru kusadzivirira vakadzi nevanasikana mumitambo, asi kuti vasiyane nevechidiki vanoita zvechisikana uye vasiri vechidiki, "anodaro Pick. kupokana nekugamuchirwa nekuremekedzwa kunowanikwa nenharaunda yeLBBTQ mumakore achangopfuura anoti.

Kujekesa: Iyi mabhiri anonyanya kunanga vana vechikoro-vezera muzvikoro zveveruzhinji. Iyo National Collegiate Athletic Association uye iyo International Olimpiki Komiti haisi zvakananga zvakabatanidzwa pano; idzi dzinodzora dzicharamba dzichigadzira yavo mitemo.

Mazhinji eMabhiri Aya Anopatsanura Zvikwata Ne 'Biological Bonde'

Mutauro chaiwo wemabhiri unosiyana zvishoma, asi vazhinji vanoti vadzidzi vanokwikwidza nezvikwata zvinoenderana nezvebonde ravo rekubereka, iro rinotsanangurwa nemutemo weFlorida sekunge bonde rakatarwa pagwaro revadzidzi rekuzvarwa panguva yekuzvarwa: M (yemurume) kana F (yevakadzi).

Kunyange zvazvo ichiwanzo shandiswa kupatsanura nekuronga nzanga, pfungwa yebonde remuzvarirwo hainzwisiswe zvakanyanya. Kazhinji, vanhu vanofunga kuti bonde rekubereka chiyero che "zviri pakati pemakumbo ako," sarudzo mbiri dziri 'yemurume' (ine nhengo yemurume) kana 'yechikadzi' (ine mukadzi). Kwete kungodzora chete, kunzwisisa uku hakusi kwesainzi. Zvepabonde bonde harisi bhaaristic - iripo pane chakatarisana. Vanhu vazhinji vane hunhu hwakasanganiswa (mahormone mazinga, gadziriso yebonde, nhengo dzekubereka, bvudzi kukura maitiro, nezvimwewo) izvo zvisina kukwana zvakakwana mumabhokisi 'echirume' ne 'echikadzi'.

Ini ndiri musikana uye ndiri mumhanyi. Ini ndinotora chikamu mumitambo sevamwe vezera rangu kuti vakunde, kuwana nharaunda, uye chinangwa muhupenyu hwangu. Izvo zvese hazvina kunaka uye zvinorwadza kuti kukunda kwangu kunofanirwa kurwiswa uye nekushanda kwangu kwakaomarara.

Terry Miller, transgender mumhanyi, mune chirevo cheACLU

Dambudziko rekugovanisa vadzidzi vachishandisa nzira iyi riri paviri. Chekutanga, inosimbisa biological binary iyo isipo. Chechipiri, inobvisa gender kubva kuequation zvachose. (Ona: Izvo Vanhu Vanowana Zvakashata Nezve iyo Trans Nharaunda, Zvinoenderana neTrans Sex Mudzidzisi)

Gender rakasiyana nebonde, uye rinoreva seti yemaitiro, hunhu, uye manakiro izvo zvinofungidzirwa kuperekedza varume, vakadzi, vasiri-mabhinari vanhu, bigender vanhu, uye munhu wese anogara mhiri kwechikadzi. Nzira iri nyore yekufunga nezvazvo ndeyekuti bonde ndizvo zvauri kuitika panyama, nepo murume kana mukadzi ndizvo zvauri kuitika mumoyo mako, pfungwa, uye mweya.

Kune vamwe vanhu, bonde ravo uye gender zvinowirirana, izvo zvinozivikanwa sekuve cisgender. Asi kune vamwe vanhu, bonde uye murume kana mukadzi hazvienderane, izvo zvinozivikanwa sekuve transgender. Iwo mabhiri ari mubvunzo anonyanya kukanganisa ekupedzisira. (Zvimwe pano: LGBTQ+ Glossary yeGender and Sexuality Definitions Allies Vanofanira Kuziva)

Icho Chikuru Chikumbiro: Transgender Vasikana Vane "Kusarongeka Kubatsira"

Mabhiri aya haangonangise vanasikana ve transgender chete, asi sezita remabhiri aya zvinoratidza - muIdaho neFlorida ndiyo "Fairness in Women's Sports Act" nepo kuMississippi iri "Mississippi Fairness Act" - chikumbiro chikuru chevaya vanofarira zvadzo ndezvekuti vasikana vetransgender vane mukana wekuzvarwa usina kunaka uchienzaniswa nevasikana vecisgender.

Asi hapana humbowo hwesainzi hunoti vakadzi vanoita zvepabonde havafanirwe kubvumidzwa kutamba nevamwe vasikana, anodaro chiremba wevana uye chiremba wezvechiberekero Eric Vilain, MD, chipangamazano kuInternational Olympic Committee neNCAA, vakataura NPR.

Vatsigiri vemabhiri aya vanonongedzera kutsvagurudzo yapfuura iyo yakaratidza kuti, zvichienzaniswa nevakadzi vecisgender, varume vecisgender vane mukana we10 kusvika 12 muzana wemumhanyi, uyo wakanzi mune chimwe chikamu kune akakwira mazinga ehomoni testosterone, iyo inokonzera kuwedzera. mhasuru uye simba. Asi (uye izvi zvakakosha!) Vakadzi vane transgender vakadzi, kwete cisgender varume! Saka izvi zvakawanikwa hazvigone kushandiswa kureva kuti vasikana kana vakadzi vane transgender vane mukana wakasarudzika kupfuura vasikana vecisgender. (Ona: Kuchinja Kunobata Sei Kuita Kwemitambo YeTransgender?)

Kupfuurirazve, "vadzidzi vetransgender vari kurapwa mahormone vari kuzviita sekurapa vachitariswa nachiremba, saka vanofanirwa kubvumidzwa kutora chikamu mumitambo sezvakaita chero mudzidzi anenge anyorerwa mushonga nachiremba wavo," anodaro Pick.

Vatsigiri vemabhiri aya vanonongedzera zvakare uye zvakare kuteedzera nyeredzi Terry Miller naAndraya Yearwood muConnecticut (nyika inobvumidza vatambi kukwikwidza mumitambo zvinoenderana nehunhu hwavo hwevakadzi) avo vanowanzohwina nhangemutange uye vanoita kunge vari transgender. (Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve vamhanyi ava, tarisa Nancy Podcast chikamu 43: "Kana Vakunda.")

Hechino chinhu: Kune vanopfuura 56.4 miriyoni vadzidzi muUnited States, pakati pepre-kireshi uye giredhi rechigumi nemaviri, kusanganisira zvikoro zvehurumende uye zvakazvimiririra. Zvinofungidzirwa zvinoratidza kuti vangangoita 2 muzana yevadzidzi ava transgender, zvichireva kuti kune vangangosvika miriyoni imwe vadzidzi ve transgender muU.S. Uye vazhinji vevadzidzi miriyoni imwe vanotora chikamu mumitambo. "Asi, [vanotsigira bhiri iri] vanofanirwa kuramba vachishevedzera zita rimwe chete kana maviri nekuti vatambi ve transgender havasi ivo vari kutonga mitambo," anodaro Pick. "Saka chero mhedzisiro ine testosterone, tinoziva kuti haisi kukonzera chero hutongi." Muchidimbu: Izvo zvinonzi zvisina kunaka mukana hauna hwaro muzvokwadi.

Kusaruramisira kwechokwadi kusarura vari kutarisana nevatambi vechidiki ava. Sezvo Miller, mumwe we transgender track stars muConnecticut, akati mune chirevo cheACLU: "Ndakatarisana nerusarura mune zvose zvehupenyu hwangu [...]. Ndiri musikana uye ndiri mumhanyi. Ndinotora chikamu mune zvemitambo sezvakangoita vezera rangu kukunda, kuwana nharaunda, uye chinangwa muupenyu hwangu. Hazvina kunaka uye zvinorwadza kuti kukunda kwangu kunofanira kurwiswa uye kushanda kwangu nesimba kusingatariswe."

Zvinorehwa Aya maBhiri kuTransgender Vatambi

Nekupfuura kwemabhiri aya, vadzidzi ve transgender havazokwanise kukwikwidza pazvikwata nevamwe vanhu mumapoka avo echikadzi. Asi zvinorevawo kuti zvingangoita, vadzidzi ve transgender ava havazokwanisi kuve pane chero timu yemitambo zvachose. Kunyange zvazvo vamiriri vemitemo vachiti vasikana ava vanogona kukwikwidza muzvikwata zvevakomana uye vakomana vevakomana vanogona kukwikwidza muzvikwata zvevasikana, zvinogona kukuvadza pfungwa nemoyo zvisingaite kutamba nechikwata chisingaenderane nehurume hwako.

"Kumanikidza munhu akachinja hunhu kuti anyepedzere kunge asiri murume kana kuti mukadzi waasingawirirane nazvo kunoita kuti azvikuvadze uye huwandu hwekuzviuraya huwedzere," anodaro nyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa Kryss Shane, M.S., L.M.S.W., munyori we Chinongedzo cheMudzidzisi kune LGBT Kuisirwa. Zvinovaisawo panjodzi yekushungurudzwa. “Ngozi yokudheererwa yakawanda,” anodaro. Kana mudzidzi akasarudza kusatamba, “vanorambidzwa kuwana mugove, kushanda pamwe chete, kurovedza muviri, kuzvivimba, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvose izvo pwere ipi neipi inowana mukubatanidzwa mumitambo yechikoro,” anodaro Pick.

Sarudza manotsi kuti pari zvino vangangosvika hafu yevadzidzi vetransgender vanoshuma kusimbiswa kuti ndivanaani kuchikoro. Kana / ikapasiswa, "mabhiri aya angada zviri pamutemo zvikoro zviri kubvuma kuti zviite nenzira inosarura vechidiki ava," anodaro. Unopedzisira uine mamiriro ezvinhu apo, kubva 8am kusvika 3 pm hutano hwemunhu huri kubvumwa nekusimbiswa, uye panguva yekudzidzira mitambo, hazvisi, anodaro Pick. "Izvo zvinodzikisira zvachose zviyero zvemabatiro ehutano hwepfungwa, zvinokanganisa basa rechikoro rekubata vana zvakaenzana, uye zvinoshanda hazvishande. Ava vasikana; havadi kuiswa pazvikwata zvevakomana." (Related: Nicole Maines naIsis King Vakagovana Zano ravo kune Vechidiki Transgender Vakadzi)

Sei Cisgender Allies Vanogona Kuratidza Tsigiro Yavo

Zvinotanga nehushoma hushoma: Kuremekedza trans folks, kuvadaidza nemazita avo chaiwo, uye kushandisa zvirevo zvavo. Sezvidiki sezvazvinonzwika, izvi zvakanyanya kubatsira hutano hwepfungwa dze trans folks. "Kungogamuchira munhu mukuru mumwe chete muhupenyu hwevechidiki veLBBTQ kunogona kudzora kuedza kuzviuraya kusvika kusvika makumi mana muzana," anodaro Pick.

Chechipiri, "usazvibvumira kubatwa mune zvisiri izvo kunze uko," anodaro Pick. "Pane kuyedza kwakabatana [kubva kumapoka anochengetedza] kuodza mweya vana vanongoda kuve vana." Saka ita shuwa kuti urikuwana ruzivo rwako kubva kutsvagurudzo-yakatsigirwa, data-yakaratidza, queer-inosanganisira masosi senge Iwo, NewNowNext, Autostraddle, GLAAD, uye Iyo Trevor Project. Izvi zvichanyanya kukosha muzhizha rino apo New Zealand weightlifter Laurel Hubbard achakwikwidza semutambi wekutanga we transgender mumitambo yeOlympics. (ICYWW: Ehe, asangana nezvose zvinodiwa zveInternational Olimpiki Komiti mirau nemirairidzo yevatambi vemitambo).

Nezve maitiro ekurwisa uchipesana neizvi transphobic zvikwereti? Zvizhinji zvemutemo uyu zviri kuitwa muzita remadzimai nevanasikana, anotsanangura kudaro Pick. “Saka ino ndiyo nguva yandinoshevedzera kune vamwe vangu vakadzi nevasikana ndichiti ‘Kwete muzita redu.’ Danai vamiriri venzvimbo yenyu, tumirai maonero enyu pasocial media, tsigirai zvikwata zvemitambo zvemuno, danidzirai nerutsigiro rwenyu kune vanochinja hunhu. vechidiki, anodaro.

Kana iwe uchinyatsoda kubatsira vakadzi nevasikana mumitambo, mhinduro iri kwete kuchengetedza vasikana ve transgender kuti vasawanikwe. Asi pachinzvimbo chekuti uve nechokwadi chekuti transgender vasikana vane yakaenzana kuwana uye mikana kune yese mitambo."Tinogona kuchengetedza nekukoshesa mitambo yevakadzi nevasikana panguva imwechete sekuremekedza hunhu hwevakadzi ve transgender uye vasiri vebhinari vechidiki," anodaro Pick "Uyu hausi zero-sum mutambo."

Ongororo ye