Hemoglobin electrophoresis: chii icho, chakagadzirwa sei uye chii chaicho
Zvemukati
Hemoglobin electrophoresis inzira yekuongorora inovavarira kuona mhando dzakasiyana dzehemoglobin dzinogona kuwanikwa dzichitenderera muropa. Hemoglobin kana Hb ipuroteni iripo mumasero matsvuku eropa anoenderana nekusunga kune oxygen, ichibvumira kutakurwa kuenda kumaturu. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve hemoglobin.
Kubva pakuzivikanwa kwerudzi rwehemoglobin, zvinokwanisika kutarisa kana munhu ane chero chirwere chine chekuita nehemoglobin synthesis, senge thalassemia kana sickle cell anemia, semuenzaniso. Zvisinei, kusimbisa kuongororwa, zvakakosha kuita mamwe mahematological uye biochemical bvunzo.
Chii ichochi
Hemoglobin electrophoresis inokumbirwa kuti ichinje shanduko uye inochinja shanduko inoenderana nehemoglobin synthesis. Nekudaro, zvinogona kukurudzirwa nachiremba kuti aongorore sickle cell anemia, hemoglobin C chirwere uye kusiyanisa thalassemia, semuenzaniso.
Pamusoro pezvo, zvinogona kukumbirwa nechinangwa chekupa mazano kuvakaroorana avo vaida kuita vana, semuenzaniso, kuziviswa kana paine mukana wekuti mwana ave nerumwe rudzi rwechirwere cheropa chine chekuita nekuumbwa kwehemoglobin. Hemoglobin electrophoresis inogona zvakare kurairwa seyakajairwa bvunzo yekutarisa varwere vakatowanikwa vaine mhando dzakasiyana dzehemoglobin.
Muchiitiko chevacheche vachangozvarwa, iyo hemoglobin mhando inoonekwa kuburikidza nechitsitsinho prick test, izvo zvakakosha kuti uongororwe ne sickle cell anemia, semuenzaniso. Ona kuti ndedzipi hosha dzinoonekwa nechitsitsinho prick test.
Zvinoitwa sei
Hemoglobin electrophoresis inoitwa kubva kuunganidzwa kweropa nenyanzvi yakadzidziswa murabhoritari yakasarudzika, nekuti iko kuunganidzwa kusiri iko kunogona kukonzera hemolysis, ndiko kuti, kuparadzwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa, ayo anogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro. Nzwisisa kuti ropa rinounganidzwa sei.
Iko kuunganidzwa kunofanirwa kuitwa nemurwere achitsanya kweanosvika maawa mana uye muyedzo inotumirwa kuti iongororwe murabhoritari, umo mhando dzehemoglobin dziripo mumurwere dzinoonekwa. Mune mamwe marabhoritari, hazvidiwe kuti utsanye kuunganidzwa. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kutsvaga nhungamiro kubva murabhoritari uye nachiremba nezvekutsanya kwebvunzo.
Mhando yehemoglobin inozivikanwa neelectrophoresis mune alkaline pH (ingangoita 8.0 - 9.0), inova nzira inoenderana neicho chikamu chekutama kwemolekuru painoiswa kumagetsi magetsi, pamwe nekuratidzwa kwezvikwata zve zvichienderana nehukuru uye huremu hwe Morekuru. Zvinoenderana nebhendi pateni yakawanikwa, fananidzo inoitwa neyakajairika pateni uye, nekudaro, kuzivikanwa kweasina kujairika hemoglobin kunoitwa.
Maitiro ekududzira mhedzisiro
Zvinoenderana neyakaiswa bhendi pateni, zvinokwanisika kuziva mhando yehemoglobin yemurwere. Hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) ine yakakwira mamorekuru uremu, kwakanyanya kutama hakuonekwe, nepo HbA2 iri yakareruka, ichipinda mukati meiyo gel. Iyi bhendi pateni inodudzirwa murabhoritari uye yakaburitswa muchimiro chemushumo kuna chiremba nemurwere, ichizivisa mhando yehemoglobin yakawanikwa.
Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) inowanikwa mumatunhu akakwirira mumwana, zvisinei, sekukura kunoitika, kuwanda kweHbF kunoderera nepo HbA1 ichiwedzera. Nekudaro, iko kukosheswa kwemhando yega yega yehemoglobin inosiyana zvichienderana nezera, uye kazhinji iri:
| Hemoglobin mhando | Yakanakisa kukosha |
| HbF | 1 kusvika kumazuva manomwe ezera: kusvika ku84%; Mazuva masere kusvika makumi matanhatu ezera: kusvika pa77%; Mwedzi miviri kusvika kumana emakore: kusvika pa40%; Mwedzi 4 kusvika ku6: kusvika 7.0% Mwedzi 7 kusvika ku12 zera: anosvika 3.5%; 12 kusvika 18 mwedzi yemakore: kusvika 2.8%; Vakuru: 0.0 kusvika 2.0% |
| HbA1 | 95% kana kupfuura |
| HbA2 | 1,5 - 3,5% |
Nekudaro, vamwe vanhu vane shanduko yechimiro kana yekushanda inoenderana nehemoglobin synthesis, zvichikonzera kuomarara kana kwakasiyana hemoglobins, senge HbS, HbC, HbH uye Barts 'Hb.
Nekudaro, kubva kuhemoglobin electrophoresis, zvinokwanisika kuona kuvapo kwema hemoglobin asina kujairika uye, nerubatsiro rweimwe nzira yekuongorora inonzi HPLC, zvinokwanisika kutarisa kuwanda kwema hemoglobin akajairwa uye asina kujairika, ayo anogona kunge achiratidza e:
| Hemoglobin mhedzisiro | Kuongorora kufungidzira |
| Kuvapo kwe HbSS | Sickle cell anemia, inozivikanwa nekushanduka kwechimiro chesero tsvuku reropa nekuda kwekuchinja mune keteni ye beta ye hemoglobin. Ziva zviratidzo zve sickle cell anemia. |
| Kuvapo kwe HbAS | Sickle cell trait, umo munhu anotakura geni rinokonzeresa jeko cell anemia, asi haaratidze zviratidzo, zvisinei iyo inogona kupfuudza iyi geni kune mamwe mazera: |
| Kuvapo kwe HbC | Zvinoratidza chirwere cheHemoglobin C, umo makristasi eHbC anogona kucherechedzwa muropa smear, kunyanya kana murwere ari HbCC, umo munhu ane hemolytic anemia yekusiyana. |
| Kuvapo kwe Barts hb | Kuvapo kwerudzi urwu rwehemoglobin kunoratidza mamiriro akakomba anozivikanwa sehydrops fetalis, ayo anogona kuguma nerufu rwe "fetus" uye nekudaro kupererwa nemimba. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve fetal hydrops. |
| Kuvapo kwe HbH | Chiratidzo cheHemoglobin H chirwere, chinozivikanwa nekunaya uye extravascular hemolysis. |
Muchiitiko chekuongororwa kwechirwere cheseroya anemia neheel prick test, mhedzisiro yacho HbFA (kureva kuti, mwana ane zvese HbA neHbF, zvinova zvakajairika), nepo HbFAS neHbFS zvabuda zvichiratidza chejere masero maitiro uye sickle cell anemia zvakateerana.
Iko kusiyanisa kuongororwa kwe thalassemias kunogona kuitwawo kuburikidza ne hemoglobin electrophoresis inosangana ne HPLC, umo kusungirirwa kwealpha, beta, delta uye gamma cheni kunoonekwa, kuchiongorora kusavapo kana kuvapo kusarudzika kweaya emaketeni e globin uye, zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro. , sarudza rudzi rwe thalassemia. Dzidza maitiro ekuziva thalassemia.
Kuti usimbise kuongororwa kwechirwere chipi zvacho chine chekuita nehemoglobin, kumwe kuyedzwa kwakadai simbi, ferritin, muyero we transferrin, kuwedzera kuwanda kweropa kwakazara. Ona kuti ungadudzira sei kuverenga kweropa.
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