Spermatogenesis: chii zvazviri uye kuti zvikamu zvikuru zvinoitika sei

Zvemukati

• Matanho makuru espermatogenesis
• 1. Chikamu chekumera
• 2. Chikamu chekukura
• 3. Kubvarura chikamu
• 4. Chikamu chekusiyanisa
• Iyo spermatogenesis inogadziriswa sei

Spermatogenesis inoenderana nedanho rekugadzira urume, zvinova zviumbwa zvechirume zvine chekuita nekudyiswa kwezai. Maitiro aya anowanzo tangisa kutenderera zera regumi nematatu, richienderera mberi muhupenyu hwese hwemurume uye richiderera mukukwegura

Spermatogenesis inzira inodzorwa zvakanyanya nemahomoni, senge testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) uye follicle inosimudzira mahormone (FSH). Maitiro aya anoitika zuva nezuva, achiburitsa zviuru zvehurume zuva rega rega, izvo zvinochengetwa muepididymis mushure mekugadzirwa kwayo mutestis.

Matanho makuru espermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis maitiro akaomarara anogara pakati pemazuva makumi matanhatu nemakumi masere uye anogona kuve akapatsanurwa kuita matanho mashoma:

1. Chikamu chekumera

Chikamu chekumera chikamu chekutanga che spermatogenesis uye chinoitika kana masero enhengo dzenhumbu achienda kumachende, uko anoramba asingashande uye asati akura, uye anonzi spermatogonias.

Mukomana paanosvika pakuyaruka, urume, pasi pesimba remahormone nemaSertoli maseru, ayo ari mukati me testis, anokura zvakanyanya kuburikidza nemasero ekuparadzanisa (mitosis) uye achizopa ekutanga maspermatocytes.

2. Chikamu chekukura

Iwo ekutanga spermatocyte akaumbwa muchikamu chekumera anowedzera muhukuru uye anoitwa maitiro meiosis, kuitira kuti magene emuviri azvipiwe, ave kuzivikanwa sechipiri spermatocytes.

3. Kubvarura chikamu

Mushure mekuumbwa kwechipiri spermatocyte, iyo yekukura maitiro inoitika kupa kumutsa kune spermatoid kuburikidza ne meiotic chikamu.

4. Chikamu chekusiyanisa

Inoenderana nenguva yekushandurwa kwourume kuita urume, hunogara mazuva angangoita makumi maviri nerimwe. Pakati pechikamu chekusiyanisa, icho chinogona zvakare kunzi spermiogenesis, zviviri zvakakosha zvivakwa zvinoumbwa:

• Acrosome: chimiro chiripo mumusoro wechirume chine maenzymes akati wandei uye chinotendera urume kuti hupinde muzai remukadzi;
• Denda: chimiro chinobvumidza urume kufamba.

Kunyangwe iine flagellum, urume hwakaumbwa hahuna hunhu chaihwo kudzamara vayambuka epididymis, kuwana motility uye kugona kwehukama pakati pe18 ne24 maawa.

Iyo spermatogenesis inogadziriswa sei

Spermatogenesis inodzorwa nemahormone akati wandei ayo asingangofarire kukura kwenhengo dzechirume, asiwo kugadzirwa kwembeu. Imwe yemahormone makuru ndi testosterone, inova hormone inogadzirwa nemasero eLeydig, ayo ari masero aripo mutestis.

Pamusoro pe testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) uye follicle inosimudzira mahormone (FSH) zvakare akakosha pakugadzira urume, sezvo iwo achikurudzira masero eLeydig kuburitsa masero e testosterone neSertoli, kuitira kuti pave nekushanduka kwespermatozoa mu spermatozoa.

Nzwisisa mashandiro anoita mahormone echirume kubereka.