Peturu uye Hutano

Zvemukati

• Zviratidzo zve peturu chepfu
• Zvinokonzera peturu muchetura
• Ipfupi-yenguva zvinoreva
• Yenguva refu zvinoreva
• Kuwana rubatsiro rwechimbichimbi
• Mukana wekukurumidzira
  
• Maonero emumwe munhu akaiswa chepfu nepeturu
• Chinyorwa zvinyorwa

Mhedziso

Peturu ine njodzi kuhutano hwako nekuti ine chepfu. Kujekesa peturu, kungave kuburikidza nekubata panyama kana kufema, kunogona kukonzera matambudziko ehutano. Mhedzisiro ye peturu chepfu inogona kukuvadza nhengo huru yega yega. Zvakakosha kudzidzira nekusimbisa kubata kwakachengeteka kwepeturu kudzivirira huturu.

Kuratidzwa kwepeturu zvisina kukodzera kunodaidzira kuti vabatsirwe nekukurumidza. Fonera iyo American Association of Poison Kudzora Nzvimbo pa1-800-222-1222 kana iwe uchitenda iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva ane peturu muchetura.

Zviratidzo zve peturu chepfu

Kumedza peturu kunogona kukonzera matambudziko akasiyana siyana kunhengo dzakakosha. Zviratidzo zve peturu chepfu zvinogona kusanganisira:

• kunetseka kufema
• kurwadziwa pahuro kana kupisa
• kupisa mugurokuro
• marwadzo emudumbu
• kurasikirwa kwemaonero
• kurutsa pamwe kana pasina ropa
• zvituru zvine ropa
• dzungu
• kutemwa nemusoro kwakanyanya
• kuneta zvakanyanya
• kugwinha
• kushaya simba kwemuviri
• kurasikirwa kwekuziva

Kana peturu ikasangana neganda rako, unogona kuona kutsvuka kutsva kana kupisa.

Zvinokonzera peturu muchetura

Peturu inodiwa mumaindasitiri mazhinji. Gesi ndiyo yekutanga mafuta anoshandiswa kugadzira mota zhinji dzinoshandisa injini. Izvo zvikamu zvehydrocarbon zve peturu zvinoita kuti ive chepfu. MaHydrocarbon rudzi rwemhando yezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nehydrogen uye carbon mamorekuru. Ivo chikamu chemarudzi ese ezvinhu zvemazuva ano, kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• mota yemafuta
• mafuta emarambi
• parafini
• penda
• samende yerabha
• chakareruka mvura

Peturu ine methane uye benzene, ayo ane mahydrocarbon ane ngozi.

Zvichida imwe yenjodzi huru yekuratidzwa kwepeturu ndiyo kukuvadza kwainogona kuita kumapapu ako kana iwe uchifema hutsi hwayo. Direct inhalation inogona kukonzera kabhoni monoxide chepfu, ndosaka usingafanire kumhanyisa mota munzvimbo yakavharirwa, segaraji. Kuratidzwa kwenguva yakareba pachena kunogonawo kukuvadza mapapu ako.

Kupomha peturu mutangi rako remafuta hakuwanzo kukuvadza. Nekudaro, netsaona kuratidzwa kwemvura kunogona kukuvadza ganda rako.

Kungoerekana kwaita peturu kushandiswa kwakapararira kupfuura kumedza nemaune mvura yacho.

Ipfupi-yenguva zvinoreva

Peturu inogona kukanganisa hutano hwako mune zvese mvura uye gasi fomu. Kumedza peturu kunogona kukuvadza mukati memuviri wako uye kukonzeresa kukuvara zvachose kunhengo huru. Kana munhu akamedza peturu yakawanda, zvinogona kukonzera rufu.

Carbon monoxide chepfu ndeye yakanyanya kunetsekana. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kana iwe ukashanda pabasa paunoshandisa michina inogadzirwa nepeturu nguva dzose. Sekureva kweiyo, idiki, injini dzinoshandisa gasi dzinonyanya kukuvadza nekuti dzinoburitsa zvimwe zvine chepfu. Carbon monoxide haioneki uye haina hwema, saka unogona kuifema muhuwandu hwakawanda usingatomboiziva. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kusingaperi kwehuropi kukuvara uye kunyangwe rufu.

Yenguva refu zvinoreva

Peturu ine mhedzisiro yehutano inogona kugara makore akati wandei. Dhiziri imwe peturu ine mahydrocarbon. Icho chibereko che peturu, uye chinonyanya kushandiswa muzvitima, mabhazi, uye mota dzemumapurazi. Paunogara uchisangana nemafuta anobva mupeturu kana dhiziri, mapapu ako anogona kutanga kuora nekufamba kwenguva. Chidzidzo che2012 neWorld Health Organisation (WHO) chakawana njodzi yakawedzera yekenza yemapapu muvanhu vanogara vachionekwa nemafuta edhiziri.

Seinjini dzedhiziri dzichiwana mukurumbira nekuda kwesimba radzo rekushandisa, vanhu vanofanirwa kuziva nezvengozi dzadzo. Iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera matanho ekuchengetedza aya:

• Usamire nepombi dzinopera.
• Usamira wakakomberedza hutsi hwegesi.
• Usashandise injini munzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa.

Kuwana rubatsiro rwechimbichimbi

Kumedza peturu kana kuburitsa zvakanyanya utsi kunovimbisa kushanyira kuimba yekukurumidzira kana kufona kunzvimbo inodzora chepfu. Ita shuwa kuti munhu anogara kumusoro uye anonwa mvura kunze kwekunge arayirwa kuti asadaro. Iva nechokwadi chekuti vari munzvimbo ine mhepo yakachena.

Ive neshuwa yekutora idzi chenjedzo:

Mukana wekukurumidzira

• Usamanikidze kurutsa.
• Usape akabatwa mukaka.
• Usape zvinwiwa kumunhu asingazive.
• Usasiye munhu akuvara uye iwewe wakanangana nehutsi hwepeturu.
• Usaedze kugadzirisa mamiriro acho pachako. Nguva dzose danaidza rubatsiro kutanga.

Maonero emumwe munhu akaiswa chepfu nepeturu

Maonero epeturu chepfu anoenderana nehuwandu hwekuburitswa uye nekukurumidza kwaunowana kurapwa. Iyo inokurumidza iwe kurapwa iwe, zvakanyanya mukana iwe kuti uwanezve pasina kwakanyanya kukuvara. Nekudaro, kuratidzwa kwepeturu nguva dzose kune mukana wekukonzera matambudziko mumapapu, mukanwa, uye mudumbu.

Peturu yakaitwa shanduko zhinji kuita shoma kenza, asi kuchine njodzi huru dzehutano dzakabatana nayo. Gara uchiita nehanya kana uchinge wasangana nemafuta peturu uye peturu utsi. Kana iwe uchifungidzira chero kusangana paganda kana kana iwe uchifunga kuti yakawandisa mari yakafemerwa, iwe unofanirwa kufonera iyo American Association yePoison Control Centres pa1-800-222-1222.

Chinyorwa zvinyorwa

• Carbon monoxide njodzi kubva kune diki peturu inofambiswa injini. (2012, Chikumi 5). Kudzorerwa kubva
• Peturu - chigadzirwa chepeturu. (2014, Zvita 5). Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/index.cfm?page=gasoline_home
• Simon, S. (2012, Chikumi 15). World Health Organisation inoti dhiziri rinokonzera cancer. Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://www.cancer.org/cancer/news/world-health-organization-says-diesel-exhaust-causes-cancer