Chii chinonzi hypochromia uye zvikonzero zvikuru

Zvemukati

• Nzira yekunzwisisa hypochromia muropa kuverenga
• Zvinokonzera hypochromia
• 1. Iron kushaya anemia
• 2. Thalassemia
• 3. Sideroblastic kupererwa neropa

Hypochromia izwi rinoreva kuti masero matsvuku eropa ane hemoglobin shoma pane zvakajairwa, achionekwa pasi pe microscope ine ruvara rwekupenya. Mumufananidzo weropa, hypochromia inoongororwa neiyo HCM index, inonziwo Average Corpuscular Hemoglobin, iyo inoratidza huwandu hwehuwandu hwehemoglobin mumasero matsvuku eropa, ichitorwa seyakaenzana kukosha kwe26 kusvika 34 pg kana zvinoenderana nerabhoritari umo bvunzo dzakaitwa.

Kunyangwe HCM iri kuratidza hypochromia, zvakakosha kuti iyo erythrocyte inoongororwa microscopically sezvo zvichikwanisika kutarisa kumwe shanduko uye kuratidza kana iyo hypochromia yakajairika, yakangwara, ine mwero kana yakasimba. Zvakajairika kuti hypochromia iende pamwe ne microcytosis, inova apo masero matsvuku eropa ari madiki pane zvakajairwa. Ona zvimwe nezve microcytosis.

Nzira yekunzwisisa hypochromia muropa kuverenga

Mukuguma kwehuwandu hweropa zvinokwanisika kuti zvakanyorwa kuti hypochromia yakapfava, ine mwero kana yakanyanyisa yakaonekwa, uye zvinoreva kuti mushure mekuverenga mishanu kusvika kugumi minda yeropa smear, ndiko kuti, mushure mekucherechedza pasi peiyo microscope kubva pa5 kusvika 10 matunhu akasiyana emuyenzaniso, mamwe kana mashoma masero matsvuku eropa akaonekwa maererano neakajairika masero matsvuku eropa. Kazhinji, izvi zvinoratidza zvinogona kumiririra:

• Kazhinji hypochromia, apo 0 kusvika ku5 masero matsvuku eropa anoonekwa mune microscope kucherechedza;
• Discrete hypochromia, apo 6 kusvika ku15 masero matsvuku eropa anoonekwa;
• Modoch hypochromia, apo 16 kusvika 30 hypochromic inoonekwa;
• Yakanyanya hypochromia, apo anopfuura makumi matatu masero matsvuku eropa anoonekwa.

Maererano nehuwandu hwehypochromic masero matsvuku eropa, chiremba anogona kutarisa mukana uye kuomarara kwechirwere, uye zvakakoshawo kuongorora mamwe ma parameter ekuverenga kweropa. Dzidza maitiro ekududzira huwandu hweropa.

Zvinokonzera hypochromia

Hypochromia inowanzo ratidza kupererwa neropa, zvisinei kuongororwa kunogona kungopedzwa mushure mekuongororwa kweimwe yakazara huwandu hwehuwandu hweropa uye mhedzisiro yemamwe miedzo ingangodaro yakakumbirwa nachiremba. Zvinonyanya kukonzera hypochromia ndezvi:

1. Iron kushaya anemia

Iron kushomeka anemia, inonziwo kushomeka kwesimbi anemia, ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zvehypochromia, nekuti iron yakakosha pakuumbwa kwehemoglobin. Naizvozvo, kana paine iron shoma, panowanikwa mashoma ehemoglobin kuumbika uye kusadzikira kwechikamu ichi mumasero matsvuku eropa, zvichivajekesa.

Mumufananidzo weropa, kuwedzera kune hypochromia, microcytosis inogona kuoneka, nekuti nekuda kwekuderera kwehuwandu hweoksijeni iri kutakurwa nehemoglobin kune mamwe matukisi nenhengo, pane kugadzirwa kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwemasero matsvuku eropa mune kuyedza kupa kushayikwa kwe oxygen, kazhinji aya ari erythrocyte madiki pane zvakajairwa. Kusimbisa rudzi urwu rweanemia, kumwe kuyedzwa kunokumbirwa, senge kuyerwa kwesarum iron, transferrin ferritin uye transferrin saturation.

Kushomeka kwesimbi kunogona kuitika nekuda kwenyaya dzehutano, umo munhu ane kudya kwakaderera musimbi, semhedzisiro yekuyerera kukuru kwekuenda kumwedzi, chirwere chemuviri chinoputira kana nekuda kwemamiriro ezvinhu anovhiringidza kutora kwesimbi, senge chirwere chechiliac uye hutachiona Helicobacter pylori.

Nekuda kwekudzikira kwehuwandu hweokisijeni inotenderera mumuviri, zvakajairika kuti munhu anzwe kuneta zvakanyanya, kushaya simba uye nekurara zvakanyanya, semuenzaniso. Dzidza kuziva zviratidzo zvekushomeka kwesimbi anemia.

Zvekuita: Pakarepo apo chiremba paanoona kuti ihwo kushomeka kwesimbi anemia, kumwezve kuyedzwa kunogona kukurudzirwa kuti uone chikonzero. Zvichienderana nechakonzera, shanduko pakudya ingangoratidzwa, ichipa chikafu kune chikafu chine huwandu hwakawanda hwesimbi, senge nyama tsvuku uye bhinzi, semuenzaniso, kana kushandiswa kwesimbi zvinowedzera, izvo zvinofanirwa kushandiswa zvinoenderana nezano. kubva kuna chiremba.

2. Thalassemia

Thalassemia chirwere chemagene hematological chinoratidzwa neshanduko dzinoguma neshanduko muhemoglobin synthesis maitiro, zvichitungamira pakuonekwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa, sezvo paine mashoma kutenderera aripo hemoglobin. Uye zvakare, semhedzisiro yemari yakaderera yekutenderera okisijeni, mwongo wefupa unotanga kuburitsa mamwe masero matsvuku eropa mukuyedza kuwedzera kutora oksijeni, zvakare zvichikonzera microcytosis.

Zvinoenderana neketani yehemoglobin yaive nekuchinja kwekutanga, zviratidzo zve thalassemia zvinogona kuva zvakanyanya kana kushomeka, zvisinei, kazhinji, vanhu vane thalassemia vane kuneta kwakanyanya, kushaya simba, kurasika uye kupfupika, kufema kufema, semuenzaniso.

Zvekuita: Thalassemia chirwere chekuzvarwa nacho chisina mushonga, asi panzvimbo pacho kudzora, uye, nekudaro, kurapwa kunovavarira kubvisa zviratidzo uye kudzivirira kufambira mberi kwezvirwere, mukuwedzera mukusimudzira hupenyu hwehupenyu uye kunzwa kwekugara zvakanaka. Kazhinji, shanduko pamadyiro inokurudzirwa, uye zvakakosha kuti munhu wacho aperekedzwe nenyanzvi yezvokudya, kuwedzera kuwedzerwa ropa. Kunzwisisa kuti kurapwa kwei thalassemia kunofanirwa kunge kuri.

3. Sideroblastic kupererwa neropa

Sideroblastic anemia inoratidzirwa nekushandiswa kusakafanira kwesimbi kugadzira hemoglobin, kunyangwe kana huwandu hwesimbi mumuviri hwakajairika, izvo zvinoguma ne hypochromia. Nekuda kwekushandisa zvisina kukodzera kwesimbi, pane hemoglobin shoma uye, nekudaro, kutenderera okisijeni, zvichitungamira pakuonekwa kwezviratidzo zveanemia, senge kuneta, kushaya simba, dzungu uye kurwara.

Pamusoro peongororo yehemogram, kuitira kusimbisa kuongororwa kwesideroblastic anemia, zvakakosha kucherechedza ropa pasi pe microscope kuitira kuti uone kuvapo kwemaserooblast, ayo akafanana maringi zvimiro zvinogona kuoneka mukati memasero matsvuku eropa nekuda kuunganidzwa kwesimbi muropa.erythroblasts, ayo ari masero matsvuku eropa. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve sideroblastic anemia.

Zvekuita: Kurapa kwe sideroblastic anemia kunoitwa maererano nekukura kwechirwere, uye kuwedzerwa kwevhitamini B6 uye folic acid inogona kukurudzirwa nachiremba uye, mumatambudziko akaipisisa, kuiswa kwemongo wemapfupa kunogona kukurudzirwa.