Zvaunofanira Kuziva Nezve HIV muVana
Zvemukati
- Chii chinokonzera Mukondombera muvana?
- Vertical hutachiwana
- Horizontal hutachiwana
- Zviratidzo zveHIV muvana nevechidiki
- Inoonekwa sei?
- Inorapwa sei?
- Majekiseni uye HIV
- Tora woenda nazvo
Kurapa kweHIV kwasvika nzira refu mumakore apfuura. Nhasi uno, vana vazhinji vanorarama neHIV vanokura kusvika vakura.
HIV hutachiona hunorwisa immune system. Izvi zvinoita kuti vana vane hutachiwana hweHIV vawedzere kubatwa nehutachiona nezvirwere. Kurapa kwakanaka kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kurwara uye kuchengetedza HIV kubva mukufambira mberi kusvika kuAIDS.
Verenga paunenge uchikurukura zvinokonzeresa hutachiwana muvana nematambudziko akasarudzika ekurapa vana nevachiri kuyaruka vanorarama neHIV.
Chii chinokonzera Mukondombera muvana?
Vertical hutachiwana
Mwana anogona kuzvarwa aine hutachiona hweHIV kana kuitapura achangoberekwa. HIV inobatwa muchibereko inonzi hutachiona hweparinatal kana hutachiona hutete.
Kutapukirwa kweHIV kuvana kunogona kuitika:
- panguva yekubata (kupfuura kubva kuna amai kuenda kumucheche kuburikidza nepacenta)
- panguva yekusununguka (kuburikidza nekufambisa kweropa kana zvimwe zvinwiwa)
- uku uchiyamwisa
Ehezve, havazi vese vane HIV vanozoipfuudza kumwana wavo, kunyanya kana vachitevera mushonga weantiretroviral.
Pasi rese, mwero wekutapurirana hutachiwana panguva yekuzvitakura unowira pasi pe5 muzana nekupindira, sekureva kwe. Pasina kupindira, mwero wekutapurirana hutachiwana panguva yepamuviri ingangoita gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi mashanu muzana.
MuUnited States, kutapurirana kwakamira ndiyo nzira yakajairika kuvana vari pasi pemakore gumi nematatu kubatira HIV.
Horizontal hutachiwana
Kutapurirana kwechipiri, kana kutenderera kwakatwasuka, ndipo panotapurirana hutachiwana nekubata urume hune hutachiwana, kusangana nekutsi kwemukadzi, kana ropa.
Kutapurirana pabonde ndiyo nzira inowanzoitika kune vechidiki kubata Mukondombera. Kutapurirana kunogona kuitika panguva yekusadzivirirwa yemukadzi, yemuromo, kana yekumashure pabonde.
Vechidiki vangangogara vachishandisa nzira yekudzivirira yekuzvarwa, kana kuishandisa nemazvo. Vanogona kunge vasingazive kuti vane hutachiona hweHIV vobva vahuendesa kune vamwe.
Kusashandisa nzira yekudzivirira sekondomu, kana kushandisa imwe zvisirizvo, kunogona kukwidza mukana wekutapukirwa (STI), izvo zvinowedzerawo njodzi yekubatira kana kutapurira HIV.
Vana nevachiri kuyaruka vanogovana tsono, majekiseni, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana vari panjodzi yekubatira HIV.
HIV inogona kutapukirwa kuburikidza neropa rine hutachiona munzvimbo dzehutano, zvakare. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika mune mamwe matunhu epasi kupfuura mamwe. Maererano neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, iri muUnited States.
HIV haina kupararira kuburikidza:
- kurumwa nezvipembenene
- mate
- ziya
- misodzi
- kumbundira
Iwe haugone kuitora kubva kugovera:
- matauro kana zvekufuga
- kunwa magirazi kana midziyo yekudyira
- zvigaro zvechimbuzi kana madziva ekushambira
Zviratidzo zveHIV muvana nevechidiki
Mucheche anogona kunge asina zviratidzo zviri pachena pakutanga. Sezvo immune system painopera simba, unogona kutanga kuona:
- kushaya simba
- kunonoka kukura uye kukura
- kupisa fever, kudikitira
- kazhinji manyoka
- akawedzera lymph node
- akadzokororwa kana kwenguva refu hutachiona husingapindure zvakanaka pakurapwa
- kuonda
- kutadza kubudirira
Zviratidzo zvinosiyana kubva kumwana kuenda kumwana uye nezera. Vana uye vechidiki vanogona kunge vaine:
- kuputika kweganda
- muromo wemuromo
- kazhinji kusangana nekutsi kwemukadzi mbiriso hutachiona
- chakawedzera chiropa kana spleen
- zvirwere zvemapapu
- matambudziko eitsvo
- ndangariro uye kusangana matambudziko
- bundu rakaipa kana rakaipa
Vana vane hutachiona hweHIV vasina kurapwa vari panjodzi yekukudziridza mamiriro akadai se:
- chikeni pokisi
- shingles
- herpes
- hepatitis
- pelvic kuzvimba chirwere
- chirwere chemabayo
- yomumuzongoza
Inoonekwa sei?
HIV inoonekwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweropa, asi zvinogona kutora ongororo inopfuura imwechete.
Iko kuongororwa kunogona kusimbiswa kana ropa riine hutachiona hweHIV. Asi pakutanga munzira yekutapukirwa, mwero weanorwisa hutachiona anogona kunge asina kukwana zvakakwana kuti aonekwe.
Kana bvunzo isina, asi HIV ichifungidzirwa, bvunzo dzinogona kudzokororwa mumwedzi mitatu uyezve pamwedzi mitanhatu.
Kana wechidiki achiongorora aine hutachiwana hweHIV, vese vanoita zvepabonde nevanhu vavangangodaro vakagovana tsono kana majekiseni navo vanofanira kuziviswa kuti vagone kuongororwa uye kutanga kurapwa, kana zvichidikanwa.
Muna 2018, CDC mitsva mitsva yeHIV muUnited States nezera se:
Zera | Nhamba yezviitiko |
0–13 | 99 |
13–14 | 25 |
15–19 | 1,711 |
Inorapwa sei?
HIV inogona kunge isisina mushonga wazvino, asi inogona kurapwa nemazvo. Nhasi uno, vana vazhinji nevakuru vane Mukondombera vanorarama hupenyu hwakareba, hune hutano.
Mushonga mukuru wevana wakafanana nevakuru: mushonga weantiretroviral. Antiretroviral therapy nemishonga zvinobatsira kudzivirira kufambira mberi kweHIV nekupararira.
Kurapa kwevana kunoda mashoma ekufunga. Zera, kukura, uye nhanho yekukura zvese zvine basa uye zvinofanirwa kuongororwa zvakare semwana anoenderera mberi nekuyaruka uye kuva munhu mukuru.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo zvinosanganisira:
- kukura kwehutachiona hweHIV
- njodzi yekufambira mberi
- dzakapfuura uye dzazvino zvirwere zvine chekuita neHIV
- ipfupi- uye -refu-term toxicities
- mhedzisiro
- kudyidzana kwezvinodhaka
Ongororo yakarongeka yegore ra2014 yakawana kuti kutanga mushonga weantiretroviral nguva pfupi mushure mekuberekwa kunowedzera hupenyu hwemucheche, kunoderedza chirwere chakakomba, uye kunoderedza mikana yeHIV kufambira mberi kusvika kuAIDS.
Mushonga weantiretroviral unosanganisira musanganiswa wemishonga inorwisa hutachiona hutatu.
Paunenge uchisarudza kuti ndeipi mishonga yekushandisa, vatapi vezvehutano vanofunga mukana wekurwisa zvinodhaka, zvinozokanganisa sarudzo dzeramangwana. Mishonga inogona kunge ichigadziriswa nguva nenguva.
Chimwe chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chekubudirira kweantiretroviral therapy kutevedzera marapirwo. Sekureva kweWHO, zvinotora kutevedzera zvinopfuura kudzikamisa hutachiona.
Kuomerera kunoreva kutora mishonga chaizvo sekurairwa. Izvi zvinogona kuomera vana, kunyanya kana vachinetseka nekumedza mapiritsi kana kuda kudzivisa zvakashata mhedzisiro. Kugadzirisa izvi, mimwe mishonga inowanikwa mune zvinwiwa kana manyuchi kuitira kuti zvive nyore kuvana vadiki kutora.
Vabereki nevachengeti vanodawo kushanda padhuze nevapi vezvehutano. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kurairwa kwemhuri kunogona kubatsira kune wese munhu anobatanidzwa.
Vechidiki vanorarama neHIV vangangodawo:
- kurapa hutano hwepfungwa uye mapoka ekutsigira
- kubatsirwa kwehutano hwekubereka, kusanganisira kudzivirira nhumbu, tsika dzakanaka dzebonde, uye nhumbu
- kuyedza njovhera
- kushandisa kushandisa kuongorora
- tsigiro yeshanduko isinganetsi kuve yehutano hwevakuru
Kutsvagisa kwehutachiona hweHIV kuri kuenderera mberi. Mirayiridzo yekurapa inogona kugara ichigadziriswa.
Ive neshuwa yekuchengeta mwana wako wekuchengeta hutano mupi achiziviswa nezvitsva kana kuchinja zviratidzo, pamwe nemishonga mhedzisiro mhedzisiro. Usambozeza kubvunza mibvunzo nezve hutano hwemwana wako uye kurapwa.
Majekiseni uye HIV
Kunyangwe zviyero zvemakiriniki zviri kuenderera, parizvino hapana majekiseni akatenderwa ekudzivirira kana kurapa HIV.
Asi nekuti HIV inokwanisa kuomesera muviri wako kurwisa hutachiona, vana nevechidiki vane HIV vanofanira kubaiwa majekiseni ekudzivirira zvimwe zvirwere.
Mishonga inorarama mhenyu inogona kukonzera immune immune, saka kana ichiwanikwa, vanhu vane HIV vanofanira kuwana majekiseni asingashandi.
Mubatsiri wako wezvehutano anogona kukuraira nezvenguva uye zvimwe zvakanangana nemajekiseni. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:
- varicella (chickenpox, shingles)
- hepatitis B
- yevanhu papillomavirus (HPV)
- furuwenza
- gwirikwiti, mamota, uye rubella (MMR)
- meningococcal yomumuzongoza
- chirwere chemabayo
- poriyo
- tetenasi, diphtheria, uye pertussis (Tdap)
- hepatitis A
Paunenge uchifamba kunze kwenyika, mimwe majekiseni, senge ayo anodzivirira kubva kukorera kana yero fever, anogona kunge achikurudzirwa, zvakare. Taura nachiremba wemwana wako zvakanaka usati waenda kune dzimwe nyika.
Tora woenda nazvo
Kukura uine hutachiwana hweHIV kunogona kupa matambudziko mazhinji kuvana nevabereki, asi kuomerera kuchirongwa chemaantiretroviral - uye kuva nehurongwa hwakasimba hwekutsigira - zvinogona kubatsira vana nevechiri kuyaruka kurarama hupenyu hune hutano, hunogutsa.
Kune akawanda masevhisi ekutsigira anowanikwa evana, mhuri dzavo, uye vanochengeta. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, bvunza vanopa hutano hwemwana wako kuti vakuendese kumapoka ari munharaunda yako, kana unogona kufonera nhare yeHIV / AIDS yenyika yako.