Inokurumidza Sei Kenza Kupararira

Zvemukati

• Mhedziso
• Nei gomarara richipararira
• Inokurumidza- uye inononoka-kuparadzira cancer
• Ndeapi matanho ane chekuita nekenza inopararira
• Bundu kukura uye kupararira
• Benign mapundu
• Mamota akaipa
• Kurapa kunoshanda sei kumisa kupararira kwegomarara
• Kuvhiya
• Radiation kurapa
• Chemotherapy
• Targeted kurapwa
• Immunotherapy
• Dutu sero kana pfupa rekutsvaira
• Kutora

Mhedziso

Miviri yedu yakaumbwa nemamirioni anoverengeka emasero. Kazhinji, masero matsva anotsiva maseru ekare kana akakuvara sezvavanofa.

Dzimwe nguva, DNA yemusero inokuvara. Ma immune immune anogona kazhinji kudzora mashoma mashoma masero asina kujairika kubva mukuwedzera kukuvara kumitumbi yedu.

Gomarara rinoitika kana paine mamwe maseru asina kujairika kupfuura ayo immune system inogona kubata. Panzvimbo pekufa, masero asina kujairika anoramba achikura uye achipatsanuka, achiungana kunge mamota. Pakupedzisira, kukura kwekunze kwekudzora kunokonzeresa kuti maseru asina kujairika apinde munyama dzakakomberedza.

Kune mhando dzekenza dzinodaidzwa kunzi nyama kana nhengo kwainobva. Vese vane mukana wekupararira, asi vamwe vane hukasha kupfuura vamwe.

Enderera kuverenga kuti udzidze kuti kenza inopararira sei, marongero ayo, uye marapirwo akasiyana siyana anoshanda sei.

Nei gomarara richipararira

Cancer masero haapindure kune masaini achivaudza kuti inguva yekufa, saka anoramba achikurumidza kupatsanura nekuwanda. Uye ivo vakanaka kwazvo pakuhwanda kubva kuzvirwere zvemuviri.

Kana gomarara maseru achiri mukati memucheka wavakagadzira, inonzi carcinoma in situ (CIS). Kamwe masero aya paanotyoka kunze kwetembiricha yenyama, inonzi kenza inoparadza.

Kupararira kwegomarara kubva kwarakatangira kune imwe nzvimbo kunonzi metastasis. Hazvina mhosva kuti imwe nzvimbo mumuviri inopararira kupi, gomarara richiri kunzi nzvimbo yarakatangira. Semuenzaniso, kenza yeprostate yakapararira kuchiropa ichiri gomarara reprostate, kwete gomarara rechiropa, uye kurapwa kucharatidza izvo.

Nepo mamota akasimba ari maficha emhando dzakawanda dzekenza, handizvo zvinogara zvakadaro. Semuenzaniso, leukemias kenza dzeropa idzo vanachiremba vanodzinongedzera se "mamota emvura."

Chaizvoizvo uko maseru ekenza achapararira anotevera kunoenderana nekwavo mumuviri, asi zvinogona kutanga zvapararira padyo kutanga. Kenza inogona kupararira kuburikidza:

• Tishu. Bundu riri kukura rinogona kusundira mukati mematukisi akakomberedza kana kuita nhengo. Masero ekenza kubva pabundu rekutanga anogona kutsemuka oita mamota matsva padyo.
• Iyo lymph system. Cancer maseru kubva bundu anogona kupinda pedyo node node. Kubva ipapo, ivo vanokwanisa kufamba iyo yese lymph system uye kutanga maturu matsva mune mamwe mativi emuviri.
• Ropa. Mamota akasimba anoda okisijeni nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri kuti zvikure. Kuburikidza nemaitiro anonzi angiogenesis, mamota anogona kukurudzira kuumbwa kwemitsipa yeropa mitsva kuti ive nechokwadi chekurarama kwavo. Masero anogona zvakare kupinda muropa uye kuenda kunzvimbo dziri kure.

Inokurumidza- uye inononoka-kuparadzira cancer

Cancer maseru ane akawanda ekukuvara kwemajini (asina kunyatso kusiyaniswa) anowanzo kukura nekukurumidza kupfuura maseru ekenza ane mashoma magene ekukuvara (akanyatso kusiyaniswa). Zvichienderana nekuonekwa kwavo zvisina kujairika pasi pe microscope, mamota akaiswa seinotevera:

• GX: isina kugadziriswa
• G1: yakanyatsosiyaniswa kana yakaderera-giredhi
• G2: zvine mwero kusiyaniswa kana epakati-giredhi
• G3: isina kusiyaniswa kana yepamusoro-giredhi
• G4: isina kusarudzika kana yepamusoro-giredhi

Dzimwe kenza dzinowanzo kukura zvishoma ndedze:

• Cancers yemazamu, senge estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) uye Epidermal yekukura kwechikonzero receptor 2-negative (HER2-)
• chisingaperi lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
• cancer uye rectal cancer
• mhando zhinji dzekenza yeprostate

Dzimwe kenza, senge kenza yeprostate, inogona kukura zvishoma nezvishoma zvekuti chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira nzira "yekumirira nekungwarira" pane kurapwa nekukurumidza. Vamwe vangangodaro vasingade kurapwa.

Mienzaniso yekenza dzinokurumidza kukura dzinosanganisira:

• acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) uye acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
• mamwe kanzira yemazamu, senge yekuzvimba kenza yemazamu (IBC) uye katatu-isina kenza yemazamu (TNBC)
• yakakura B-cell lymphoma
• kenza yemapapu
• kenza yeprostate isingawanzo yakadai sediki-sero carcinomas kana lymphomas

Kuva nekenza inokura nekukurumidza hazvireve kuti une fungidziro yakaipa. Mazhinji emakenza aya anogona kurapwa nemazvo. Uye dzimwe gomarara hazvireve kuti zvinokura nekukurumidza, asi kashoma kuti dziwanikwe kudzamara dzaita metastasized.

Ndeapi matanho ane chekuita nekenza inopararira

Gomarara rakaiswa zvinoenderana nehukuru hwemarara uye kuti yakapararira zvakadii panguva yekuongororwa. Matanho anobatsira vanachiremba kusarudza kuti ndeapi marapiro angangoshanda uye kupa maonero akajairika.

Kune akasiyana marudzi eaya masisitimu uye mamwe akananga kune mamwe marudzi ekenza. Aya anotevera ndiwo matanho ekutanga ekenza:

• In situ. Masero ane precancerous akawanikwa, asi haana kupararira kumatishu akakomberedza.
• Inowanikwa munzvimbo. Cancer maseru haana kupararira kupfuura kwaakatanga.
• Dunhu. Gomarara rapararira kune lymph node, nyama, kana nhengo dzepedyo.
• Kure. Gomarara rasvika panhengo dziri kure kana zvinyama.
• Hazvizivikanwe. Iko hakuna kukwana ruzivo kuti uone danho.

Kana:

• Chikamu 0 kana CIS. Masero asina kujairika akawanikwa asi haana kupararira muzvinyama zvakakomberedza. Izvi zvinonziwo precancer.
• Matanho 1, 2, uye 3. Kuongororwa kwekenza kunosimbiswa. Iwo manhamba anomiririra kukura kwakaita bundu rekutanga uye kuti gomarara rapararira zvakadii.
• Chikamu 4. Gomarara rakasimbiswa kumativi ari kure emuviri.

Chirevo chako chehurwere chinogona kushandisa iyo TNM sisitimu sisitimu, iyo inopa ruzivo rwakadzama seinotevera:

T: Kukura kweturu bundu

• TX: bundu rekutanga harigone kuyerwa
• T0: bundu rekutanga harigone kuwanikwa
• T1, T2, T3, T4: inotsanangura kukura kweturu rekutanga uye kuti ingangodaro yakura sei kuita turu dzakakomberedza

N: Huwandu hwenzvimbo dzenhengo dzemuviri dzakabatwa nekenza

• NX: kenza munzvimbo dziri pedyo node node haigoni kuyerwa
• N0: hapana gomarara rinowanikwa munzvimbo dziri pedyo
• N1, N2, N3: inotsanangura huwandu uye nzvimbo yemapapu anokanganiswa nekenza

M: Kunyangwe kenza yakagadziriswa kana kuti kwete

• MX: metastasis haigone kuyerwa
• M0: kenza haina kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri
• M1: kenza yapararira

Saka, danho rako rekenza rinogona kutaridzika seichi: T2N1M0.

Bundu kukura uye kupararira

Benign mapundu

Mamota eBenign haana cancer. Iwo akafukidzwa nemasero akajairwa uye haakwanise kupinda nechisimba padyo kana dzimwe nhengo. Mamota eBenign anogona kukonzera matambudziko mashoma kana ivo:

• akakura zvakakwana kuti atsimbirire panhengo, anokonzeresa marwadzo, kana anotaridza kunetsa
• iri muuropi
• kusunungura mahormone anokanganisa masisitimu emuviri

Bhenign tumors kazhinji anogona kuvhiyiwa kubviswa uye hazviite kuti akure zvakare.

Mamota akaipa

Mamota ane gomarara anonzi akaipa. Cancer maseru anoumba apo kuora kweDNA kunokonzeresa kuti geni rive nekuzvibata zvakasiyana nezvarinofanira. Vanogona kukura kuita zvinyama zviri padyo, vachipararira kuburikidza neropa kana lymph system, uye nekupararira nemuviri. Mamota akaipa anowanzo kukura nekukurumidza kupfuura bundu rakaipa.

Kurapa kunoshanda sei kumisa kupararira kwegomarara

Kazhinji kutaura, zviri nyore kurapa kenza isati yawana mukana wekupararira. Kurapa kunoenderana nerudzi rwecancer pamwe nedanho. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kurapwa kunozove neanopfuura kurapwa kumwe.

Kuvhiya

Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekenza yauinayo, kuvhiya kungave kuri kwekutanga kurapwa. Kana kuvhiya kuchishandiswa kubvisa bundu, chiremba anovhiya anobvisawo chidimbu chidiki chemucheka wakakomberedza bundu kuti adzikise mikana yekusiya maseru ekenza kumashure.

Kuvhiya kunogona zvakare kubatsira kukanzura gomarara. Semuenzaniso, kutarisa ma "lymph node" padhuze nebundu rekutanga kunogona kuona kana gomarara rapararira munharaunda.

Iwe unogona zvakare kuda chemotherapy kana radiation radiation inotevera kuvhiya. Izvi zvinogona kuve chenjedzo yekuwedzera kana chero masero ekenza akasara kumashure kana asvika muropa kana lymph system.

Kana bundu risingakwanise kubviswa zvachose, chiremba wako anogona achiri kubvisa chikamu charo. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kana bundu racho raikonzera kumanikidza pane nhengo kana kukonzera marwadzo.

Radiation kurapa

Radiation inoshandisa akanyanya-simba mwaranzi kuuraya cancer maseru kana kunonoka kukura kwavo. Iwo mwaranzi anotarisa yakatarwa nzvimbo yemuviri uko kenza yakawanikwa.

Radiation inogona kushandiswa kuparadza bundu kana kubvisa marwadzo. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kunongedza chero maseru ekenza angave akasiiwa kumashure.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy inzira yekurapa. Chemo zvinodhaka zvinopinda muropa rako uye zvinofamba mumuviri wako wese kuwana nekuparadza nekukurumidza kupatsanura masero.

Chemotherapy inoshandiswa kuuraya cancer, kunonoka kukura kwayo, uye kudzikisira mukana wekuti mamota matsva aumbe. Inobatsira kana gomarara rapararira kupfuura bundu rekutanga kana kana uine mhando yegomarara iyo isina marapirwo akanangwa.

Targeted kurapwa

Targeted Therapies inoenderana nerumwe rudzi rwekenza, asi hadzisi dzose kenza dzakanangana nemishonga. Iyi mishonga inorwisa mamwe mapuroteni anotendera mamota kukura nekupararira.

Angiogenesis inhibitors inopindirana nezviratidzo zvinotendera mamota kuti agadzire matsva eropa uye arambe achikura. Iyi mishonga inogona kukonzeresa kuti tsinga dzeropa dziripo dzafa, izvo zvinogona kudzikisa bundu.

Dzimwe mhando dzekenza, senge prostate uye yakawanda kanzura yemazamu, inoda mahormone kuti ikure. Hormone therapy inogona kumisa muviri wako kuburitsa mahormone ayo anodyisa cancer. Vamwe vanomisa iwo mahormone kubva mukudyidzana nekenza maseru. Kurapa kweHormone zvakare kunobatsira kudzivirira kudzokazve.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapies inowedzera simba remuviri wako kurwisa cancer. Iyi mishonga inogona kusimbisa immune system yako uye nekuibatsira iyo kuziva maseru ekenza.

Dutu sero kana pfupa rekutsvaira

A stem cell transplant, dzimwe nguva inonzi bone marrow transplant, inotsiva masero akaumbwa eropa-akaumbwa neakagwinya. Maitiro acho anoitika zvichitevera yakakura-dhiza chemotherapy kana radiation radiation kuuraya cancer maseru uye kumisa ako maseru maseru kubva mukugadzira gomarara maseru.

Stem cell transplants inogona kushandiswa kune akati wandei marudzi ekenza, kusanganisira akawanda myeloma uye mamwe marudzi eleukemia.

Kutora

Cancer hachisi chirwere chimwe chete. Kune akawanda marudzi - uye madiki - ekenza. Vamwe vane hukasha kupfuura vamwe, asi pane zvakawanda zvinosiyana zvinotungamira kune akasiyana cancer maitiro.

Yako oncologist inogona kukupa iwe kunzwisiswa zvirinani kweyakajairika maitiro eimwe mhando yekenza zvichibva pane zvakatarwa neako hutachiona ripoti.