Chii chinonzi acute leukemia, zviratidzo uye kurapwa

Zvemukati

• Zviratidzo zveacute leukemia
• Acute hudiki leukemia
• Kurapa kweacute leukemia
• Ko acute leukemia inogona kurapwa here?

Acute leukemia rudzi rwegomarara rine hukama nemongo wemapfupa, izvo zvinotungamira mukusarudzika kwemasero eropa kugadzirwa. Acute leukemia inogona kuverengerwa mu myeloid kana lymphoid zvinoenderana nema cellular mamaki anoonekwa nenzira ye immunophenotyping, inova nzira ye laboratori inoshandiswa kusiyanisa maseru ayo akafanana zvakanyanya pakuona kudiki.

Rudzi urwu rwe leukemia rwakajairika muvana nevakuru vechidiki uye runoratidzwa nekuvapo kweanopfuura makumi maviri muzana ekuputika muropa, ayo ari madiki masero eropa, uye neiyo leukemic gap, inoenderana nekushayikwa kwemasero epakati pakati kuputika uye neutrophils akakura.

Kurapa kweacute leukemia kunoitwa kuburikidza nekuisirwa ropa uye chemotherapy munzvimbo yechipatara kusvika pakiriniki uye marabhoritari zviratidzo zvine chekuita neleukemia zvisisazivikanwe.

Zviratidzo zveacute leukemia

Zviratidzo zveacute myeloid kana lymphoid leukemia zvine chekuita neshanduko mumasero eropa uye kukanganisa kwemongo wemapfupa, ayo makuru ari:

• Kushaya simba, kuneta uye kusagadzikana;
• Kubuda ropa kubva mumhino uye / kana ruvara rwepepuru paganda;
• Kuwedzera kwekuyerera kwekuenda kumwedzi uye tsika yekukweva ropa;
• Fivha, husiku hweziya dikita uye kuonda pasina chikonzero chakajeka;
• Kurwadziwa kwepfupa, kukosora uye kutemwa nemusoro.

Inenge hafu yevarwere vane izvi zviratidzo kusvika pamwedzi mitatu kusvikira leukemia yaonekwa kuburikidza nemiedzo yakadai se:

• Yakazara kuverenga ropa, iyo inoratidza leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia uye kuvapo kwemamwe maseru madiki (kuputika), kungave kuri kubva kune myeloid kana lymphoid dzinza;
• Biochemical bvunzo, senge muyero weuric acid uye LDH, izvo zvinowanzo kuwedzerwa nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekuputika kweropa;
• Coagulogram, umo kugadzirwa kwe fibrinogen, D-dimer uye nguva yeprothrombin inotariswa;
• Myelogram, iyo inoonekwa hunhu hwemongo wemapfupa.

Pamusoro peiyi bvunzo, wehematologist anogona kukumbira shanduko achishandisa mamorekuru matekiniki, senge NPM1, CEBPA kana FLT3-ITD, kuitira kuratidza yakanaka nzira yekurapa.

Acute hudiki leukemia

Acute childhood leukemia kazhinji ine fungidziro iri nani pane vanhu vakuru, asi kurapwa kwechirwere kunofanirwa kuitiswa munzvimbo yechipatara kuburikidza nekemotherapy, iyo ine mhedzisiro senge kusvotwa, kurutsa uye kurasikirwa nevhudzi, uye saka iyi nguva inogona kunetesa mwana nemhuri. Kunyangwe izvi, pane mukana mukuru wekurapa chirwere muvana pane vakuru. Ona izvo zvinokonzeresa chemotherapy uye kuti inoitwa sei.

Kurapa kweacute leukemia

Mushonga weacute leukemia unotsanangurwa nehematologist maererano nezviratidzo, mhedzisiro, zera remunhu, kuvapo kwezvirwere, njodzi yemastastasis uye kudzoka. Nguva yekurapa inogona kusiyana, nezviratidzo zvinotanga kudzika 1 kusvika kumwedzi miviri mushure mekutanga kwepolychemotherapy, semuenzaniso, uye kurapwa kwacho kunogona kugara kweanenge makore matatu.

Kurapa kweacute myeloid leukemia kunogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekemotherapy, inova mubatanidzwa wemishonga, kuwedzerwa kweplatelet uye kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kudzikisa njodzi yehutachiona, sezvo immune system yakanganiswa. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve kurapwa kweacute myeloid leukemia.

Nezve kurapwa kweacute lymphoid leukemia, zvinogona kuitwa kuburikidza nemushonga wemishonga yakawanda, unoitwa nemwero wakakura wemushonga kubvisa njodzi ingangoita yechirwere ichi kusvika pakati pehurongwa hwemitsipa. Dzidza maitiro ekurapa lymphoid leukemia.

Kana paine kudzokoroka kwechirwere, mapfupa ekutsvaira anogona kusarudzwa nekuti, mune ino kesi, havazi vese vanobatsirwa nekemotherapy.

Ko acute leukemia inogona kurapwa here?

Mushonga weleukemia unoreva kusavapo kwezviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinozivikanwa neleukemia mukati memakore gumi mushure mekuguma kwekurapwa, pasina kudzokerazve.

Mukurangana neacute myeloid leukemia, mushonga unogoneka, nekuda kwenzira dzinoverengeka dzekurapa, zvisinei sekufambira mberi kwezera, kurapa kana kudzora kwechirwere kunganyanya kuoma; mudiki munhu wacho, ndipo paanonyanya mukana wekurapwa.

Panyaya yeacute lymphoid leukemia, mukana wekuporesa wakakura muvana, anenge 90%, uye 50% yekurapa muvanhu vakuru kusvika pamakore makumi matanhatu ekuberekwa, zvisinei, kuwedzera mikana yekurapa uye kudzivirira kudzokazve kwechirwere, zvakakosha kuti iwanikwe nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwakatanga munguva pfupi yapfuura.

Kunyangwe mushure mekutanga kurapwa, munhu wacho anofanira kuita ongororo dzepano neapo kuti aone kana paine kudzokororwa uye, kana paine, kutangazve kurapwa nekukasira kuitira kuti mikana yekuregererwa kwakakwana kwechirwere iwedzere.