COPD Hupenyu Tarisiro uye Maonero

Zvemukati

• GOLD system
• BODE index
• Muviri wemuviri
• Kuvharirwa kwemweya
• Dyspnea
• Exercise chinzvimbo
• Kugara uchiongorora ropa
• Kufa kwemitengo
• Mhedziso

Mhedziso

Mamirioni evakuru muUnited States vane chirwere chisingaperi chinokanganisa pulmonary chirwere (COPD), uye sekuwanda kuri kuita icho. Asi vazhinji vacho havazivi, sekureva kwa.

Mumwe mubvunzo vanhu vazhinji vane COPD vane ndewekuti, "Ndingaite nguva yakareba sei kugara neCOPD?" Iko hakuna nzira yekufungidzira iyo chaiyo inotarisirwa yehupenyu, asi kuva neichi chinofambira mberi chirwere chemapapu kunogona kupfupisa hupenyu.

Zvakawanda sei zvinoenderana nehutano hwako hwese uye kana uine zvimwe zvirwere zvakaita sehosha yemoyo kana chirwere cheshuga.

GOLD system

Vatsvagiri pamusoro pemakore aya vauya nenzira yekuongorora hutano hwemumwe munhu ane COPD. Imwe yedzazvino nzira inobatanidza spirometry lung function function test nezviratidzo zvemunhu. Izvi zvinoguma nemavara anogona kubatsira kufanotaura tarisiro yehupenyu uye kutungamira sarudzo dzekurapa kune avo vane COPD.

Iyo Global Initiative yeChisingaperi Dziviriro Lung Chirwere (GOLD) ndiyo imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa masisitimu ekutsanangudza COPD. GOLD iboka repasi rese revanyanzvi vehutano hwemapapu avo vanogadzira uye nekuvandudza nhungamiro dzevanachiremba kuti vashandise mukutarisira kwevanhu vane COPD.

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa iyo GOLD system kuongorora vanhu vane COPD mu "mamakisi" echirwere. Kukanda inzira yekuyera kuomarara kwechimiro. Iyo inoshandisa iyo yakamanikidzwa kufuridzira vhoriyamu (FEV1), muyedzo unotarisa huwandu hwemhepo iyo munhu anogona kumanikidza kuburitsa kubva mumapapu avo mune imwe sekondi, kuti aratidze kuomarara kweCOPD.

Nongedzo dzichangoburwa dzinoita FEV1 chikamu chekuongorora. Kubva pane yako FEV1 mamaki, iwe unogashira GOLD giredhi kana nhanho seinotevera:

• GOLD 1: FEV1 ye80 muzana yakafanotaurwa kana zvimwe
• GOLD 2: FEV1 ye50 kusvika ku79 muzana yakafanotaurwa
• GOLD 3: FEV1 ye30 kusvika 49 muzana yakafanotaurwa
• GOLD 4: FEV1 yepasi pe30 muzana yakafanotaurwa

Chikamu chechipiri chekuongorora chinovimba nezviratidzo zvakaita sedyspnea, kana kunetseka kufema, uye dhigirii uye huwandu hwekuwedzera zvakanyanya, izvo zvinomira-kumusoro izvo zvingangoda kurapwa.

Kubva pamatanho aya, vanhu vane COPD vachange vari mune rimwe remapoka mana: A, B, C, kana D.

Mumwe munhu asina kuwedzera kana imwe isingade kubvumirwa kuchipatara mugore rapfuura angave ari muboka A kana B. Izvi zvinoenderanawo nekuongororwa kwezviratidzo zvekufema. Avo vane zvimwe zviratidzo vangave vari muboka B, uye avo vane zvishoma zviratidzo vangave vari muboka A.

Vanhu vane kuwedzera kamwechete kwaida kuiswa muchipatara, kana kuwedzeredza kwakapetwa kaviri kwakaita kana kusada kubvumirwa kuchipatara mugore rapfuura, vangave vari muGroup C kana D. Ipapo, avo vane zvimwe zviratidzo zvekufema vangave vari muboka D, uye avo vane zvishoma zviratidzo vangave vari muboka C.

Pasi pemitemo mitsva, mumwe munhu akanzi GOLD Giredhi 4, Boka D, aizove nechikamu chakakomba kwazvo cheCOPD. Uye ivo vane hunyanzvi vane tarisiro yehupenyu hupfupi pane mumwe munhu ane chinyorwa cheGOLD Giredhi 1, Boka A.

BODE index

Imwe nhanho inoshandisa zvinopfuura iyo chete FEV1 kuyera mamiriro eCOPD yemunhu uye maonero ndiyo index yeBODE. BODE inomirira:

• uremu hwemuviri
• kufema kwemhepo
• dyspnea
• kurovedza muviri kugona

BODE inotora mufananidzo wakazara wekuti COPD inobata sei hupenyu hwako. Kunyangwe iyo BODE index ichishandiswa nevamwe varapi, kukosha kwayo kunogona kudzikira sezvo vaongorori vachidzidza zvakawanda nezve chirwere ichi.

Muviri wemuviri

Iyo body mass index (BMI), iyo inotarisisa huremu hwemuviri zvichibva pakureba uye nehuremu parameter, inogona kuona kana munhu akafuta kana kuti akafutisa. BMI inogona zvakare kuona kana mumwe munhu akatetepa zvakanyanya. Vanhu vane COPD uye vakaonda zvakanyanya vanogona kunge vaine maonero akashata.

Kuvharirwa kwemweya

Izvi zvinoreva iyo FEV1, semu GOLD system.

Dyspnea

Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvepakutanga zvinoratidza kuti kunetseka kufema kunogona kukanganisa maonero eCOPD.

Exercise chinzvimbo

Izvi zvinoreva kuti wakakwanisa sei kutsungirira kurovedza muviri. Inowanzoyerwa nemuyedzo unonzi "maminetsi matanhatu ekufamba bvunzo."

Kugara uchiongorora ropa

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zveCOPD ndeye systemic kuzvimba. Kuongororwa kweropa kunoongorora mamwe mamaki ekuzvimba kunogona kubatsira.

Kutsvagisa kwakaburitswa muInternational Journal yeChisingaperi Kupwanya Pulmonary Disease inoratidza kuti iyo neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) uye eosinophil-to-basophil ratio inoenderana zvakanyanya nekuomarara kweCOPD.

Chinyorwa chiri pamusoro apa chinoratidza kuongororwa kweropa nguva dzose kunogona kuyera makiki aya kune avo vane COPD. Yakaona zvakare kuti iyo NLR inogona kubatsira zvakanyanya seyakafungidzira tarisiro yehupenyu.

Kufa kwemitengo

Sezvo nechero chirwere chakakomba, senge COPD kana gomarara, tarisiro yehupenyu inotarisirwa yakavakirwa zvakanyanya pakuomarara kana padanho rechirwere.

Semuenzaniso, mune ongororo ya2009 yakaburitswa muInternational Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, murume ane makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa neCOPD uyo parizvino anoputa fodya ane zvinotevera zvinoderedzwa muhupenyu hwehupenyu, zvinoenderana nedanho reCOPD:

• danho 1: 0.3 makore
• nhanho 2: 2,2 makore
• nhanho 3 kana 4: 5.8 makore

Chinyorwa ichi chakacherechedzawo kuti kune iri boka, mamwe makore 3.5 akange arasikawo nekusvuta zvichienzaniswa neavo vasina kumboputa uye vasina chirwere chemapapu.

Kune vekare vaisvuta, kudzikiswa kwehutarisiro hwehupenyu kubva kuCOPD ndouku:

• nhanho 2: makore 1.4
• nhanho 3 kana 4: 5.6 makore

Chinyorwa ichi chakacherechedzawo kuti kune iri boka, mamwe makore 0.5 akange arasikawo nekuputa achienzaniswa neavo vasina kumboputa uye vasina chirwere chemapapu.

Kune avo vasina kumboputa, kudzikiswa kwehutarisiro hwehupenyu ndekwe:

• nhanho 2: makore 0.7
• nhanho 3 kana 4: 1.3 makore

Kune vekare vaisvuta uye avo vasina kumbobvira vaputa, mutsauko muutarisiro hwehupenyu hwevanhu vari padanho 0 uye vanhu padanho 1 yakanga isina kukosha, kupesana neavo vaive vaputi vezvino.

Mhedziso

Ndechipi chiri chirevo cheiyi nzira yekufanofungidzira tarisiro yehupenyu? Zvakawanda iwe zvaunogona kuita kuti urambe uchifambira mberi kusvika padanho repamusoro reCOPD zvirinani.

Nzira yakanakisa yekudzora kufambira mberi kwechirwere kumira kuputa kana uchisvuta. Zvakare, dzivisa utsi hwefodya kana zvimwe zvinotsamwisa senge kusvibiswa kwemhepo, guruva, kana makemikari.

Kana iwe uine huremu hwakaderera, zvinobatsira kuchengetedza huremu hune hutano nekudya kwakanaka uye nehunyanzvi hwekuwedzera kudya kwekudya, sekudya zvidiki, zvinowanzoitika kudya. Kudzidza maitiro ekuvandudza kufema nemitambo yakadai sekuteedzera mweya kufema kunobatsira zvakare.

Iwe unogona zvakare kuda kutora chikamu muchirongwa chemapurmoni chekuvandudza.Iwe unozodzidza nezve kurovedza muviri, maitiro ekufema, uye mamwe maitiro ekuwedzera hutano hwako.

Uye nepo kurovedza muviri uye chiitiko chemuviri chichigona kunetsa nechirwere chekufema, ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvakanakisa zvaungaitira hutano hwemapapu ako uye nemuviri wako wese.

Taura nachiremba wako nezvenzira yakachengeteka yekutanga kurovedza muviri. Dzidza zviratidzo zvekunetseka kwekufema uye zvaunofanira kuita kana iwe ukaona idiki flare-up. Iwe uchazoda kutevera chero COPD mishonga yekurapa yakatemwa kwauri nachiremba wako.

Zvakawanda zvaunogona kuita kunatsiridza hutano hwako hwese, hurefu uye nekuzara hupenyu hwako hunogona kuva.

COPD ndiyo yechitatu inokonzera kufa muUnited States, sekureva kweAmerican Lung Association.