Kuburitsa Zvinotyisa Narcissism

Zvemukati

• Ndeapi maitiro eanokanganisa narcissism?
• NPD
• APD
• Mhirizhonga
• Sadism
• Izvo zvakafanana nehukama hwevanhu?
• Chinorapika here?
• Kutsvaga rubatsiro
• Kurapa nzira
• Kuziva kushungurudzwa

Inotyisa narcissism inoreva kune yakatarwa, isingawanzo kuratidzwa kweanarcissistic hunhu kusagadzikana. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoona iyi mhedzisiro ye narcissism yakanyanya kuomarara.

Izvo hazvizivikanwe seyakarongeka kuongororwa muDiagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders, Yechishanu Edition (DSM-5). Asi vazhinji vezvepfungwa uye nyanzvi dzehutano hwepfungwa vakashandisa izwi iri kurondedzera yakasarudzika hunhu hwehunhu.

Zvinoenderana neCampbell's Psychiatric Dictionary, yakaipa narcissism inosanganisa hunhu hwe:

• narcissistic hunhu kusagadzikana (NPD)
• kusagadzikana kwehunhu kusagadzikana (APD)
• hasha uye kusuwa, kungave kune vamwe, iwe pachako, kana zvese zviri zviviri
• paranoia

Verenga pamusoro kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve narcissism yakaipa, kusanganisira hunhu hwakajairika, kuti inofananidzwa sei nehukama hwevanhu, uye kuti inorapwa here.

Ndeapi maitiro eanokanganisa narcissism?

Narcissism yakaipa inogona kupa nenzira dzakawanda - hapana runyorwa rwemaitiro. Izvo zvakare zvakanyanya kuomarara, kunyanya kune mumwe munhu asiri wehutano hwepfungwa nyanzvi, kusiyanisa pakati peanarcissism yakaipa uye NPD yakaoma.

Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei zviri nani kuti usashandise izwi iri (kana rakabatana, senge narcissist) kureva mumwe munhu, kunyanya kana usiri nyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa uine ruzivo rwekubva kwemunhu.

Uye zvakare, hapana hunyanzvi hunowirirana pane zviyero zvehutachiona hwehutachiona. Asi nyanzvi zhinji dzehutano hwepfungwa dzinotsigira kuvapo kwayo sechikamu cheiyo narcissism spectrum. Kune zvakare zvimwe chibvumirano chakajairika pane zvinogona kuratidzwa kwezviratidzo.

Asi mhando iyi yekunyengedza inogona kuoneka pamwe nekubatanidzwa kwezviratidzo kubva kune anotevera mapoka.

NPD

Kufanana nehumwe kusagadzikana kwehunhu, NPD inoitika pane chakatarisana uye inosanganisira huwandu hwezviratidzo. Iyo DSM-5 inonyora hupfumbamwe hunhu hunobatsira kuziva NPD, asi chete mashanu anodiwa kuti uongororwe.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zveNPD zvinosanganisira:

• kufungidzira kukuru uye hunhu, senge kubatikana nepfungwa dzekubudirira pachako, simba, uye kukwezva kana kukwezva pabonde.
• zvishoma kana kusanzwira tsitsi kwevamwe vanhu manzwiro kana manzwiro
• kudiwa kwakakosha kwekucherechedzwa, kuyemurwa, uye kuzivikanwa
• pfungwa yakakwidziridzwa yekuzvikoshesa, senge tsika yekuwedzeredza tarenda rako kana kubudirira
• kutenda mukukosha uye kugona
• pfungwa yekodzero
• tsika yekutora mukana kune vamwe kana kushandisa vanhu kuti vawane pundutso
• hunhu hunodada kana kuzvitutumadza nemaitiro
• tsika yekugodora vamwe uye kutenda vamwe vachivaitira shanje

Vanhu vane NPD vanowanzo kuve nedambudziko rekugadzirisa shanduko. Vanogona kunzwa kuora moyo kana kunyadziswa pavanonzwa kushomeka, kuva nenguva yakaoma nekusagadzikana uye kusagadzikana, uye voita nehasha apo vamwe vanoita sevasingavaone nekuyemura kwavanoda uye nekunzwa kuti vanokodzera.

Ichi chiitiko chinowanzo sanganisira kuoma kugadzirisa manzwiro uye maitiro ehunhu kunetseka.

APD

Iwo ekutanga maficha eichi chiitiko kuenderana kusaremekedza kune vamwe vanhu manzwiro. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kubata nekunyengera pamwe nekushungurudzwa mumuviri kana pamoyo. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha kusademba kwekukanganisa.

Kuita zvechisimba kana zvehasha zvinogona kuve chiratidzo cheichi chiitiko, asi vamwe vanhu vanogara neAPD havambozvibata zvine chisimba.

Vanhu vanorarama neAPD vanowanzo ratidza zviratidzo zvehunhu hwehunhu muhudiki. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mhirizhonga kune vamwe vanhu nemhuka, kuparadza, kana kuba. Kazhinji havafungi kana kushaya hanya nemhedzisiro yezviito zvavo.

Vakuru chete ndivo vanoonekwa vaine APD. Kuongororwa kunoda kanenge matatu ezviratidzo zvinotevera:

• Kuzvidza vane masimba nemagariro, zvinoratidzwa nekuenderera mberi zvisiri pamutemo kana kutyora mutemo
• maitiro ekunyengera, anosanganisira kubiridzira uye kushandisa vamwe vanhu
• kushaya hanya, kusagadzikana, kana kuita zvine njodzi zvinoratidza kusaremekedza kuchengetedzeka kwemunhu kana kuchengetedzeka kwevamwe vanhu
• zvishoma kana kusazvidemba kwezviito zvinokuvadza kana zvisiri pamutemo
• anowanzo kuvenga, kutsamwa, hasha, kusagadzikana, kana kushatirwa
• maitiro ekusazvibata, kuzvikudza, kana kusaremekedza maitiro
• kunetseka kuronga kumberi

Mhirizhonga

Kudzvinyirira kunotsanangura mhando yehunhu, kwete hutano hwepfungwa. Vanhu havagone kuongororwa vane hukasha, asi nyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa kana imwe nyanzvi inogona kucherechedza zviito zvechisimba sechikamu chehuwandu hwekuongorora.

Hutsinye hunhu hunogona kuitika semhinduro kune kutsamwa kana kumwe kunzwa uye kazhinji kunosanganisira chinangwa chekukuvadza kana kuparadza. Kune matatu makuru marudzi ehutsinye:

• Utsinyehasha. Uku ndiko kuzvibata kwakanangana nekukuvadza kana kuparadza mumwe munhu kana chimwe chinhu.
• Kurwisa kwechishandiswa. Ichi chiito chehasha chine chekuita nechinangwa chakati, sekupwanya hwindo remota kuba chikwama.
• Hasha dzinobata. Izvi zvinoreva maitiro anowanzo kunangidzirwa kumunhu kana chinhu chakakonzera manzwiro. Inogona zvakare kuendeswa kumashure kana zvisingaite kunongedza chaiko sosi. Kubaya madziro pachinzvimbo chekurova mumwe munhu muenzaniso wehukasha hunokanganisa, kunyanya kana chiito ichi chichisanganisira chishuwo chekukanganisa.

Sadism

Sadism iri kunakidzwa nekunyadzisa mumwe munhu kana kumurwadzisa.

Iyo DSM-5 inonyora nezvekushushikana kwepabonde kushungurudzika sechiitiko chinosanganisira kumutsa zvepabonde kwakabatana nepfungwa yekukonzeresa munhu asingatenderi kurwadziwa kusingadiwe. Asi kusuruvara pachako hakuzi chirwere chehutano hwepfungwa, uye hazvisi zvepabonde nguva dzose.

Vanhu vane hutsinye hunhu vanogona:

• nakidzwa nekukuvadza vamwe
• Nakidzwa nekuona vamwe vachirwadziwa
• kuwana mufaro pabonde nekuona vamwe vachirwadziwa
• shandisa nguva yakawanda uchifungidzira nezve kukuvadza vamwe vanhu, kunyangwe kana vasina kudaro
• kuda kurwadzisa vamwe kana wagumbuka kana kutsamwa
• unakidzwe nekunyadzisa vamwe, kunyanya munzvimbo dzevanhu
• inowanzoita zviito zvechisimba kana maitiro
• kuzvibata mukutonga kana kutonga nenzira

Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti hunhu hwehutsinye hunobatsira kuseta NPD uye narcissism yakaipa. Narcissism inowanzo sanganisira yekuzvitsvakira wega kuzvishuva uye zvinangwa, asi vanhu vane NPD vangangoramba vachiratidza kuzvidemba kana kuzvidemba nekukuvadza vamwe muchiitiko ichi.

Izvo zvakafanana nehukama hwevanhu?

Vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa izwi rekuti sociopath mukutaurirana kusingaite. Iwe unogona kuinzwa ichishandiswa kutsanangura vanhu vanoita kunge vasina hanya nevamwe vanhu kana avo vanoshandisa mukana nekushandisa vadiwa vavo.

Kugarisana nevamwe kunowanzoreva hunhu uye hunhu hunowanzoonekwa neAPD. Asi zvakafanana neyakaipisisa narcissism, sociopathy inongoshandiswa sezwi risingazivikanwe, kwete yakatarwa kuongororwa.

Narcissism yakaipa haina kufanana nehukama hwevanhu, sezvo hunhu hweAPD hunongova chikamu cheiyi narcissism subtype.

Chinorapika here?

Muzhinji, kurapa kunogona kubatsira chero munhu anotsvaga kurapwa nechinangwa chekuisa mukuedza kugadzirisa manzwiro avo, maitiro, kana maitiro emanzwiro.

Zvirokwazvo zvinokwanisika kuti vanhu vanorarama nehutachiona husina kunaka, kana chero imwe mhando ye narcissism, vanogona kuenda kuchirapa voshanda kushandura hunhu hune hunhu husina kunaka pahupenyu hwavo kana kune avo vemhuri, vavanoshanda navo, uye shamwari.

Kutsvaga rubatsiro

Vanhu vanorarama nehunhu hwemhando ipi neipi yekunyomba vanogona kusatsvaga rubatsiro vega. Kazhinji havazivi kuti pane chakaipa nezviito zvavo nemufambiro.

Asi vanogona kunge vaine zvimwe zviratidzo zvinoita kuti varapwe, kusanganisira:

• kuora mwoyo
• kugumbuka
• hasha manejimendi nyaya

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanogona kukurudzirwa kupinda muchipatara nekuda kwedare redzimhosva, chirevo kubva kune waunodanana naye kana nhengo yemhuri, kana chimwe chikonzero.

Nekudaro, kuti kurapwa kuve kunoshanda, ivo vanofanira pakupedzisira kuda kurapwa kwavo.

Kurapa nzira

Kana iwe uchifunga kuti mumwe munhu wepedyo kwauri angave ari kusangana nehunhu kusagadzikana, senge NPD kana APD, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti zvinokwanisika kuchinja. Kurapa unokwanisa batsira, chero bedzi ivo vachida kushanda kuti vaite basa rakabatanidzwa.

Therapy inowanzo kunetsa, asi inowanzobhadhara nezvikuru mabhenefiti, kusanganisira:

• hukama hwakasimba hwehukama
• kunatsiridzwa kwepfungwa
• kugona kuri nani kwekushandira zvinangwa

Dzimwe mhando dzerapi dzinogona kubatsira zvakanyanya pakurapa narcissism.

Ongororo ya2010 yezviongorori inotarisa yakaipa narcissism manotsi ekuti kurapwa kunogona kuratidza kunetsa, kunyanya kana hukasha kana hutsinye hunowanzoitika muhukama hwekurapa.

Asi kutora wega mutoro wekurapa kunogona kutungamira kune zvirinani zviwanikwa. Yakakurudzirwa mhando dzerapi dzinosanganisira dzakachinjwa dialectical maitiro kurapa (DBT) uye vakaroorana uye mhuri kuraira, pazvinoshanda.

Mishonga yakadai seantipsychotic uye inosarudza serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) inogona zvakare kugadzirisa zvimwe zviratidzo, zvinosanganisira kutsamwa, kusagadzikana, uye psychosis.

Imwe ichangopfuura yemagazini chinyorwa kubva kune inoratidza kuti schema kurapa kunogona kubatsira zvakare kuNPD nenyaya dzakabatana. Kumwe kutsvagurudza kunotsigira kuwanikwa uku.

Dzimwe nzira dzinogona kuvandudza mhedzisiro yekurapa dzinosanganisira yekuchinjisa-yakatarisana kurapa uye kufunga kwepfungwa-based.

Nekudaro, kiriniki dhata pane iyi nyaya iri kushomeka. Kumwe kutsvagurudza kunodiwa pakurapa kwe narcissism.

Kuziva kushungurudzwa

Narcissism uye nenyaya dzakanangana kazhinji dzinosanganisira kunetseka zvine chekuita nekunzwisisa manzwiro evamwe vanhu. Iwe unogona kucherechedza zviratidzo, senge maitiro ekuzvisarudzira, mazwi anonyengera nezviito, kana maitiro ehukama husina hutano kana hwakundikana.

Kuchengetedza hukama hwemhuri kana hwehukama kunogona kutonyanya kunetsa kune munhu ane narcissism yakaipa. Hazvishamisi kuti hukama hunosanganisira kudzora maitiro, kubatidza gasi, uye kushungurudzwa kwepfungwa.

Kana iwe uri padyo nemumwe munhu anogara neanonyanyisa narcissism, zvakakosha kuti uzvichengete uye utarise zviratidzo zvekushungurudzwa.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzekushusha, uye dzimwe dzingaite sedziri kushungurudza sevamwe. Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvinogona kusanganisira:

• kunongedza "zvikanganiso" uye kuita kunge kunakirwa nekukuita unzwe kuora moyo kana kugumbuka, kana kutaura kuti vari kuzviitira zvakanakira iwe
• kunyepa kana kukumanikidza kuti uzadzise zvinangwa zvavo, nekupembedza maitiro avo uye kuratidza kusava nemhosva kana kuzvidemba kana ukavadaidza
• kukuisa pasi, kukunyadzisa, kana kukutyisidzira, pachena kana pachivande
• achiratidza kunakidzwa nekukuvadza muviri
• kuratidza kusava nehanya nezvinodiwa kana manzwiro ako
• kuzvibata nenzira dzine njodzi kana dzine njodzi, usina hanya kana iwe kana vamwe vanhu muchikuvara mukuita (semuenzaniso, kutyaira zvine ngozi uye kuseka kana muchiratidza kutya)
• kutaura kana kuita zvisina kunaka kana hutsinye zvinhu uye uchiita kunge uchifarira kutambudzika kwako
• kuzvibata zvinehasha kwauri nekune vamwe vanhu kana zvinhu

Hutano hwepfungwa hwemumwe munhu hausi pembedzo yekuita zvisina kunaka. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti urangarire kuti hunhu husina kunaka hahuwanzo kuva mugumisiro wehutano hwepfungwa.

Kana iwe uchitenda kuti hukama hwako hwave husina hutano, kutaura nachiremba kunogona kukubatsira iwe kusarudza zvekuita. Iwe unogona zvakare kutsvaga rutsigiro kubva kuNational Domestic Violence Hotline pawebhusaiti yavo kana nekufonera 800-799-7233.