Zvitsva uye Zvazvino Kurapwa kweCOPD

Zvemukati

• Yakareba-inoshanda bronchodilators
• Ipfupi-inoshanda bronchodilators
• Anticholinergic Inhalers
• Kusanganiswa inhalers
• Oral mishonga
• Kuvhiya
• Bullectomy
• Yakareba vhoriyamu yekudzora kuvhiya
• Endobronchial vharuvhu kuvhiyiwa
• Nguva yemberi kurapwa kweCOPD
• Tora woenda nazvo

Chirwere chisingaperi chinodzivirira pulmonary chirwere (COPD) chirwere chisingaperi chemapapu chinokonzeresa zviratidzo sekutambudzika kufema, kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemamousu, kuomarara pachipfuva, kufema, uye kukosora.

Iko hakuna kurapwa kweCOPD, asi kurapwa kwemamiriro acho kunogona kukubatsira iwe kuibata uye kurarama hupenyu hwakareba. Kutanga, iwe uchafanirwa kurega kuputa kana iwe uchisvuta. Chiremba wako anogona zvakare kuraira bronchodilator, iyo ingave iri pfupi-yekuita kana yekureba-kuita. Iyi mishonga inodzikamisa mhasuru dzakakomberedza yako yemhepo nzira kuti udzore zviratidzo.

Iwe unogona zvakare kuona kuvandudzwa neyekuwedzera-pane ekurapa senge inhaled steroids, oral steroids, uye maantibayoti, pamwe chete nemamwe marapo azvino uye matsva ekurapa kweCOPD.

Inhalers

Yakareba-inoshanda bronchodilators

Yakareba-inoshanda bronchodilators anoshandiswa pakurapa kwezuva nezuva kurapa kudzora zviratidzo. Iyi mishonga inodzora zviratidzo nekuzorodza mhasuru mumhepo uye nekubvisa mamasi kubva mumapapu.

Yakareba-inoshanda bronchodilators inosanganisira salmeterol, formoterol, vilanterol, uye olodaterol.

Indacaterol (Arcapta) ndiyo nyowani yekuita kwenguva refu bronchodilator. Chikafu neDrug Administration (FDA) yakabvumidza mushonga uyu muna 2011. Inobata kutadziswa kufema kwemhepo kunokonzerwa neCOPD.

Indacaterol inotorwa kamwe chete zuva nezuva. Inoshanda nekumutsa enzyme inobatsira maseru maseru mumapapu ako kuzorora. Inotanga kushanda nekukurumidza, uye mhedzisiro yayo inogona kugara kwenguva yakareba.

Ichi chinodhaka isarudzo kana iwe ukawana kupfupika kwemweya wekufema kana kufema nevamwe marefu-anoita bronchodilators. Zvinogona kuitika mhedzisiro zvinosanganisira kukosora, kubuda mvura, kurwadziwa nemusoro, kuda kurutsa, uye kutya.

Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira bronchodilator yakareba-inoshanda kana iwe uine COPD uye asthma.

Ipfupi-inoshanda bronchodilators

Mapfupi-anoita bronchodilators, dzimwe nguva anonzi kununura inhalers, hazvireve kuti anoshandiswa mazuva ese. Idzi inhalers dzinoshandiswa sekudikanwa uye dzinopa runyararo nekukurumidza kana iwe uine chinetso chekufema.

Aya marudzi e bronchodilators anosanganisira albuterol (Ventolin HFA), metaproterenol (Alupent), uye levalbuterol (Xopenex).

Anticholinergic Inhalers

Anticholinergic inhaler ndeimwe mhando yebronchodilator yekurapa COPD. Izvo zvinobatsira kudzivirira mhasuru kuomerera kutenderera nemhepo, zvakare.

Inowanikwa se metered-dose inhaler, uye mune fomu yemvura kune nebulizers. Iyi inhalers inogona kuita pfupi-kuita kana kureba-kuita. Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira anticholinergic kana iwe uine COPD uye asthma.

Anticholinergic inhalers inosanganisira tiotropium (Spiriva), ipratropium, aclidinium (Tudorza), uye umeclidinium (inowanikwa musanganiswa).

Kusanganiswa inhalers

Steroid inogona zvakare kudzikisira kufema kwemhepo. Neichi chikonzero, vamwe vanhu vane COPD vanoshandisa bronchodilator inhaler pamwe neinhaled steroid. Asi kuchengeta vaviri inhalers kunogona kunge kuri kunetsa.

Dzimwe nyowani nyowani dzinobatanidza mishonga yeese bronchodilator uye steroid. Izvi zvinonzi mubatanidzwa inhalers.

Dzimwe mhando dzekubatanidza inhalers dziripo, zvakare. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vanobatanidza mushonga wevapfupi-vanoita bronchodilator neanticholinergic inhalers kana marefu-anoita bronchodilator ane anticholinergic inhalers.

Kune zvekare katatu inhaled therapy yeCOPD inonzi fluticasone / umeclidinium / vilanterol (Trelegy Ellipta). Uyu mushonga unosanganisa matatu ekureba-anoita COPD mishonga.

Oral mishonga

Roflumilast (Daliresp) inobatsira kudzora mweya kuzvimba muvanhu vane COPD yakaoma. Uyu mushonga unogona zvakare kurwisa kukuvara kwetishu, zvishoma nezvishoma kuvandudza mapapu mashandiro.

Roflumilast yakanangana nevanhu vane nhoroondo yekuwedzera kweCOPD. Hazvisi zvevanhu vese.

Mhedzisiro inogona kuitika ne roflumilast inosanganisira manyoka, kuda kurutsa, kurwadziwa musana, dzungu, kuderera kwechido, uye musoro.

Kuvhiya

Vamwe vanhu vane COPD yakaoma vanozopedzisira voda kuisirwa mapapu. Maitiro aya anodikanwa kana matambudziko ekufema ave kutyisidzira hupenyu.

Kuiswa kwemapapu kunobvisa mapapu akakuvara uye kuitsiva nemupi akanaka. Zvisinei, kune mamwe marudzi emitambo inoitwa kurapa COPD. Iwe unogona kuve mukwikwidzi werumwe rudzi rwekuvhiya.

Bullectomy

COPD inogona kuparadza mweya masaga mumapapu ako, zvichikonzera kukura kwenzvimbo dzemhepo dzinonzi bullae. Sezvo idzi nzvimbo dzemweya dzinowedzera kana kukura, kufema kunova kwakadzika uye kwakaoma.

Bullectomy inzira yekuvhiya inobvisa yakakuvara mweya masaga. Iyo inogona kudzikisira kufema uye kugadzirisa mapapu mashandiro.

Yakareba vhoriyamu yekudzora kuvhiya

COPD inokonzeresa kukuvara kwemapapu, iyo inoitawo basa mukutambudzika kwekufema. Sekureva kweAmerican Lung Association, kuvhiya uku kunobvisa zvikamu makumi matatu kubva muzana zvemapapu akakuvadzwa kana anorwara.

Nezvikamu zvakakanganisika zvabviswa, diaphragm yako inogona kushanda zvakanyanya, ichikubvumidza kufema nyore.

Endobronchial vharuvhu kuvhiyiwa

Iyi nzira inoshandiswa kurapa vanhu vane emphysema yakaoma, fomu reCOPD.

Nekuvhiyiwa kwevhavhosi ye endobronchial, mavharuvhu madiki eZephyr anoiswa mumigwagwa yemhepo kudzivirira zvikamu zvakakanganiswa zvemapapu. Izvi zvinoderedza hyperinflation, ichibvumira zvikamu zvine hutano zvemapapu ako kuti zvishande zvakanyanya.

Kuvhiya kwevhavhavha zvakare kunoderedza kumanikidza pane diaphragm uye kunoderedza kufema.

Nguva yemberi kurapwa kweCOPD

COPD mamiriro anobata nezve vanhu pasirese. Vanachiremba nevatsvaguri vari kuramba vachishanda kugadzira mishonga mitsva nemaitiro ekuvandudza kufema kune avo vanorarama nemamiriro acho.

Kliniki miedzo iri kuongorora kushanda kweiyo biologic zvinodhaka zvekurapa COPD. Biologics rudzi rwekurapa iyo inotarisa kunobva kuzvimba.

Mimwe miedzo yakaongorora mushonga unonzi anti-interleukin 5 (IL-5). Ichi chinodhaka chinotarisa eosinophilic yemhepo kuzvimba. Izvo zvakacherechedzwa kuti vamwe vanhu vane COPD vane huwandu hwakawanda hweeosinophil, imwe mhando yerudzi rweropa chena. Iyi biologic drug inogona kudzikisira kana kudzikisa huwandu hweropa eosinophils, ichipa zororo kubva kuCOPD.

Kutsvaga kwakawanda kunodiwa, zvakadaro. Parizvino, hapana biologic zvinodhaka zvinogamuchirwa kurapwa COPD.

Zvemakiriniki miedzo iri kuongororawo kushandiswa kwe stem cell kurapa kwekurapa kweCOPD. Kana ikatenderwa mune ramangwana, mhando iyi yekurapa inogona kushandiswa kumutsiridza mapapu emapapu uye kudzoreredza kukuvara kwemapapu.

Tora woenda nazvo

COPD inogona kubva pane yakapfava kusvika kune yakaoma. Kurapa kwako kunoenderana nekuoma kwezviratidzo zvako. Kana echinyakare kana wekutanga-mutsara kurapa ukasavandudza COPD yako, taura nachiremba wako. Iwe unogona kuve mukwikwidzi kune yekuwedzera-pane kurapa kana kutsva kurapwa.