Pneumomediastinum

Zvemukati

• Zvinokonzera uye njodzi zviitiko
• Zviratidzo
• Kuongorora
• Kurapa uye manejimendi sarudzo
• Pneumomediastinum muvacheche vachangozvarwa
• Outlook

Mhedziso

Pneumomediastinum mweya uri pakati pechipfuva (iyo mediastinum).

Mediastinum inogara pakati pemapapu. Iine moyo, thymus gland, uye chikamu cheyophagus uye trachea. Mhepo inogona kubatwa munzvimbo ino.

Mhepo inogona kupinda mukati memastastinum kubva mukukuvara, kana kubva mukudonha mumapapu, trachea, kana esophagus. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) chimiro chemamiriro asina chikonzero chiri pachena.

Zvinokonzera uye njodzi zviitiko

Pneumomediastinum inogona kuitika kana kukwira kuchikwira mumapapu uye kuchikonzera masaga emhepo (alveoli) kutsemuka. Chimwe chinokonzeresa kukonzeresa kumapapu kana zvimwe zvivakwa zviri padyo zvinobvumidza mweya kuerera mukati mechipfuva.

Zvinokonzera pneumomediastinum zvinosanganisira:

• kukuvara kuchifuva
• kuvhiya kumutsipa, chipfuva, kana kumusoro dumbu
• kuchema mukati medu kana mapapu kubva mukukuvara kana kuvhiya
• zviitiko zvinoisa kumanikidza pamapapu, senge kurovedza muviri kwakanyanya kana kubereka
• shanduko inokurumidza mukumanikidza kwemhepo (barotrauma), senge kubva pakusimuka nekukasira paunenge uchikweshera
• mamiriro anokonzera kukosora kwakanyanya, senge asthma kana hutachiona hutachiona
• kushandiswa kwemuchina wekufema
• kushandiswa kwemishonga inhaled, yakadai secocaine kana mbanje
• hutachiona hwechipfuva kunge tibhii
• zvirwere zvinokonzeresa kupora kwemapapu (chirwere chemapapu chemukati)
• kurutsa
• iyo Valsalva maneuver (ichivhuvhuta nesimba iwe uchinge wakatsikitsira pasi, maitiro anoshandiswa kupopota nzeve dzako)

Ichi chiitiko hachiwanzoitika. Inobata pakati pe1 mu7,000 uye 1 mu45,000 yevanhu vanobvumirwa kuchipatara. anoberekwa naro.

vane mukana wekuwana pneumomediastinum kupfuura vanhu vakuru. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti nyama dziri muchipfuva chavo dzakasununguka uye dzinogona kutendera mweya kubuda.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinosanganisira:

• Gender. Varume vanogadzira kesi zhinji (), kunyanya varume vane makore makumi maviri kusvika makumi mana.
• Chirwere chemapapu. Pneumomediastinum inowanzoitika kune vanhu vane asthma uye zvimwe zvirwere zvemapapu.

Zviratidzo

Chiratidzo chikuru che pneumomediastinum kurwadziwa muchipfuva. Izvi zvinogona kuuya kamwe kamwe uye zvinogona kuva zvakanyanya. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• mweya wekufema
• kufema kwakaoma kana kudzika
• kukosora
• kurwadziwa kwemutsipa
• kurutsa
• dambudziko kumedza
• inzwi kana mhino
• mweya pasi peganda rechipfuva (subcutaneous emphysema)

Chiremba wako anogona kunzwa kurira kurira panguva neiko kurova kwemoyo wako kana uchiteerera pachipfuva chako ne stethoscope. Ichi chinonzi chiratidzo chaHamman.

Kuongorora

Miedzo miviri yekufungidzira inoshandiswa kuongorora iyi mamiriro:

• Yakagadzirwa tomography (CT). Bvunzo iyi inoshandisa maX-ray kugadzira mifananidzo yakajeka yemapapu ako. Inogona kuratidza kana mweya uri mu mediastinum.
• X-ray. Iyi bvunzo yekufungidzira inoshandisa mashoma madosi emwaranzi kugadzira mifananidzo yemapapu ako. Inogona kubatsira kuwana chikonzero chekudonha kwemhepo.

Iyi bvunzo inogona kutarisa kuchema mune yako esophagus kana mapapu:

• Esophagogram ndeye X-ray yeguroku inotorwa mushure mekunge wamedza barium.
• Esophagoscopy inodarika chubhu pasi pemuromo wako kana mhino kuti uone yako esophagus.
• Bronchoscopy inoisa chubhu yakatetepa, ine mwenje inonzi bronchoscope mumhino kana muromo wako kuti uongorore mafambiro ako.

Kurapa uye manejimendi sarudzo

Pneumomediastinum haina kunyanyisa. Mhepo inozopedzisira yadzosera mumuviri wako. Chinangwa chikuru pakurapa ndechekugadzirisa zviratidzo zvako.

achagara usiku hwose muchipatara kuti aongororwe. Mushure meizvozvo, kurapwa kunosanganisira:

• zororo remubhedha
• marwadzo anodzora
• anti-kunetseka zvinodhaka
• mushonga wekukosora
• mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kana hutachiona hunobatanidzwa

Vamwe vanhu vangangoda oxygen yekuvabatsira kufema. Okisijeni inogona zvakare kumhanyisa kudzoreredza kwemweya mune mediastinum.

Chero mamiriro angangove akakonzera kuvakwa kwemhepo, senge asthma kana hutachiona hwemapapu, inoda kurapwa.

Pneumomediastinum dzimwe nguva inoitika pamwe ne pneumothorax. Pneumothorax ipapu rakadonha rinokonzerwa nekuvaka kwemweya pakati pemapapu uye rusvingo rwechipfuva. Vanhu vane pneumothorax vangangoda chipfuva chubhu kuti vabatsire kukweva mweya.

Pneumomediastinum muvacheche vachangozvarwa

Aya mamiriro haawanike muvacheche, achingobata chete 0,1% yevese vachangozvarwa. Vanachiremba vanotenda kuti zvinokonzerwa nemusiyano mukumanikidza pakati pemasaga emhepo (alveoli) uye zvinyama zvakavakomberedza. Mhepo inodonha kubva kune alveoli uye inopinda mu mediastinum.

Pneumomediastinum inowanzoitika kune vacheche avo:

• vari pamuchina wekubatsira kufema
• fema mu (aspirate) yavo yekutanga ura kufamba (meconium)
• vane mabayo kana chimwe chirwere chemapapu

Vamwe vacheche vane chirwere ichi havana zviratidzo. Vamwe vane zviratidzo zvekufema kushungurudzika, kusanganisira:

• kufema zvisingaite
• kugunun'una
• kupenya kwemhino

Vacheche vane zviratidzo vanowana oxygen yekuvabatsira kufema. Kana chirwere chakakonzera mamiriro acho, chinorapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Vacheche vanonyatso tariswa mushure mekuona kuti mweya waparara.

Outlook

Kunyangwe zviratidzo sekurwadziwa pachipfuva uye nekufema kwekufema kunogona kutyisa, pneumomediastinum kazhinji haina kushata. Pneumomediastinum inongoitika yega inowanzo gadziridza pachayo.

Kana mamiriro acho aenda, haadzoke. Zvisinei, inogona kugara kwenguva yakareba kana kudzoka kana ichikonzerwa nehunhu hwadzokororwa (sekushandisa zvinodhaka) kana kurwara (senge asthma). Muzviitiko izvi, maonero anoenderana nechikonzero.