Zvese zvaunoda Kuti Uzive Nezve Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Zvemukati

• Zviratidzo zve pulmonary arterial hypertension
• Zvinokonzera pulmonary arterial hypertension
• Kuongororwa kwepermonary arterial hypertension
• Kurapa kwepermonary arterial hypertension
• Mishonga
• Kuvhiya
• Mararamiro anochinja
• Hupenyu hunotarisirwa nemapermonary arterial hypertension
• Matanho epulmonary arterial hypertension
• Mamwe marudzi epemmonary hypertension
• Kufungidzira kwepermonary arterial hypertension
• Pulmonary hypertension mune vacheche vacheche
• Nhungamiro yemapurmonary arterial hypertension
• Mubvunzo:
• A:

Chii chinonzi primary arterial hypertension?

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), yaimbozivikanwa seyakanyanya pulmonary hypertension, iri mhando isingawanzo re BP. Iyo inokanganisa yako mapurmonary arteri uye capillaries. Iyi mitsipa yeropa inotakura ropa kubva kukamuri yekurudyi yemoyo wako (kurudyi ventricle) mumapapu ako.

Sezvo kumanikidza kuri mune ako mapurmonary arteri uye madiki eropa tsinga inowedzera, moyo wako unofanirwa kushanda zvakanyanya kupompa ropa kumapapu ako. Nekufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinoderedza moyo wako mhasuru. Pakupedzisira, zvinogona kutungamira kukundikana kwemoyo uye kufa.

Iko hakuna kurapwa kunozivikanwa kwePAH, asi nzira dzekurapa dziripo. Kana iwe uine PAH, kurapwa kunogona kubatsira kubvisa zviratidzo zvako, kudzikisira mukana wako wekutambudzika, uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwako.

Zviratidzo zve pulmonary arterial hypertension

Mumatanho ekutanga ePAH, unogona kunge usina zviratidzo zvinoonekwa. Sezvo mamiriro ari kuwedzera kuipa, zviratidzo zvichawedzera kuoneka. Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvinosanganisira:

• kunetseka kufema
• kuneta
• dzungu
• kufenda
• kumanikidza pachipfuva
• kurwadziwa pachipfuva
• kukurumidza kupisa
• kurova kwemoyo
• bhuruu tint kumiromo yako kana ganda
• kuzvimba kwemakumbo ako kana makumbo
• kuzvimba nemvura mukati medumbu rako, kunyanya mumatanho ekupedzisira emamiriro acho

Iwe unogona kuzviwana zvakaoma kufema panguva yekurovedza muviri kana mamwe mhando dzezvekuita zvemuviri. Pakupedzisira, kufema kunogona kuve kwakaoma panguva yekuzorora, futi. Tsvaga maitiro ekuziva zviratidzo zvePAH.

Zvinokonzera pulmonary arterial hypertension

PAH inokura apo pulmonary arteri uye capillaries inotakura ropa kubva pamoyo wako kuenda kumapapu ako anotetepa kana kuparadzwa. Izvi zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinokonzereswa nemhando dzakasiyana dzeakabatana mamiriro, asi chikonzero chaicho chekuti nei PAH ichiitika hachizivikanwe.

Munenge gumi neshanu kusvika makumi maviri muzana ezviitiko, PAH inogarwa nhaka, sekureva kweNational Organisation yeRare Disorders (NORD). Izvi zvinosanganisira magene ekuti anogona kuitika mu BMPR2 geni kana mamwe majini. Shanduko dzinogona kupfuudzwa kuburikidza nemhuri, zvichibvumira munhu ane imwe yeiyi shanduko kuve nekwaniso yekuzovandudza PAH.

Zvimwe zvinogona kuitika zvinogona kubatanidzwa nekuvandudza PAH zvinosanganisira:

• chirwere chisingaperi chechiropa
• kuberekwa chirwere chemoyo
• zvimwe zvinobatanidza matissue tishu
• zvimwe hutachiona, senge hutachiona hweHIV kana schistosomiasis
• zvimwe chepfu kana zvinodhaka, kusanganisira zvimwe zvekuvaraidza zvinodhaka (methamphetamines) kana izvozvi zviri kunze kwemusika mushuwo wekudzvinyirira

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, PAH inokura isina chikonzero chinozivikanwa chine chekuita. Izvi zvinozivikanwa se idiopathic PAH. Tsvaga kuti idiopathic PAH inoonekwa sei uye kurapwa.

Kuongororwa kwepermonary arterial hypertension

Kana chiremba wako achifungidzira kuti iwe unogona kunge uine PAH, ivo vanogona kuraira imwe kana kupfuura bvunzo kuti vaongorore ako epulmonary arteri nemoyo.

Miedzo yekuongorora PAH inogona kusanganisira:

• electrocardiogram kutarisa zviratidzo zvekushungurudzika kana zvimiro zvisina kujairika mumoyo mako
• echocardiogram kuongorora chimiro uye mashandiro emoyo wako uye kuyera pulmonary arteri kumanikidza
• chifuva X-ray kuti udzidze kana ako epulmonary arteri kana ezasi kurudyi mukamuri yemoyo wako akawedzera
• CT scan kana MRI scan kuti utarise mavhavha eropa, kudzikira, kana kukuvara mune ako epulmonary arteri
• kurudyi mwoyo catheterization kuyera kukanganiswa kweropa mumapurmonary arteri ako uye kurudyi ventricle yemoyo wako
• pulmonary basa bvunzo kuongorora kugona uye kuyerera kwemweya mukati nekubuda mumapapu ako
• kuongororwa kweropa kutarisa zvinhu zvine chekuita nePAH kana mamwe mamiriro ehutano

Chiremba wako anogona kushandisa iyi bvunzo kuti atarise zviratidzo zvePAH, pamwe nezvimwe zvinokonzeresa zvezviratidzo zvako. Vachaedza kutonga zvimwe zvinokonzeresa vasati vaongorora PAH. Wana rumwe ruzivo nezve iyi maitiro.

Kurapa kwepermonary arterial hypertension

Parizvino, hapana mushonga unozivikanwa wePAH, asi kurapwa kunogona kurerutsa zviratidzo, kuderedza njodzi yezvinetso, uye kuwedzera hupenyu.

Mishonga

Kuti ubatsire kutarisira mamiriro ako, chiremba wako anogona kukunyorera imwe kana yakawanda yemishonga inotevera:

• kurapwa kweprostacyclin kuwedzera yako tsinga dzeropa
• sungunuka guanylate cyclase zvinokurudzira kuti uwedzere mitsipa yako yeropa
• endothelin vanogamuchira vanopokana kuvhara chiitiko che endothelin, chinhu chinogona kukonzera kudzikisira kwemidzi yako yeropa.
• anticoagulants kudzivirira kuumbwa kweropa

Kana PAH iine hukama nehumwe hutano mamiriro kwauri, chiremba wako anogona kupa mamwe mishonga kuti ubatsire kurapa iwo mamiriro. Ivo vanogona zvakare kugadzirisa chero mishonga iwe yauri kutora ikozvino. Tsvaga zvimwe pamusoro pemishonga inogona kupihwa nachiremba wako.

Kuvhiya

Zvichienderana nekuti mamiriro ako akanyanya sei, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kurapwa. Atrial septostomy inogona kuitwa kudzikisira kumanikidza kurudyi kwemoyo wako, uye mapapu kana moyo nemapapu kupinza zvinogona kutsiva nhengo dzakakuvadzwa (s).

Mune septostomy yeatrial, chiremba wako angangotungamira catheter kuburikidza neumwe wako wepakati mutsinga kukamuri yepamusoro yekurudyi yemoyo wako. Muimba yepamusoro septum (iyo tambo yemukati iri pakati kurudyi uye kuruboshwe mativi emoyo), ichipfuura kubva kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe imba yepamusoro, ivo vanogadzira kuvhura. Tevere, ivo vanozadza kabharumu kadiki kumucheto kwekateti kuti iwedzere mukova uye kukonzera ropa kuti rikwanise kuyerera pakati pemakamuri ekumusoro emoyo wako, kudzikamisa kumanikidza kurudyi kwemoyo wako.

Kana iwe uine chakakomba kesi yePAH icho chakanangana nechirwere chakakomba chemapapu, kupinza kwemapapu kunogona kukurudzirwa. Mune maitiro aya, chiremba wako achabvisa rimwe kana mapapu ako ose uye oatsiva nemapapu kubva kune mupi wenhengo.

Kana iwe zvakare uine chakakomba chirwere chemwoyo kana kukundikana kwemoyo, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuwedzerwa kwemoyo mukuwedzera kune kuisirwa kwemapapu.

Mararamiro anochinja

Maitiro ehupenyu kuchinja dhayeti yako, kurovedza muviri, kana mamwe maitiro ezuva nezuva anogona kubatsira kudzikisa njodzi yako yezvinetso zvePAH. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• kudya chikafu chine hutano
• kurovedza muviri nguva dzose
• kurasikirwa uremu kana kuchengetedza huremu hwakanaka
• kurega kusvuta fodya

Kuteedzera chirongwa chako chekurapa chinokurudzirwa kunogona kubatsira kubvisa zviratidzo zvako, kudzikisa njodzi yako yezvinetso, uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwako. Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pesarudzo dzekurapa dzePAH.

Hupenyu hunotarisirwa nemapermonary arterial hypertension

PAH inofambira mberi mamiriro, zvinoreva kuti inowedzera kuwedzera nekufamba kwenguva. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuona zviratidzo zvichitonyanya kukurumidza kupfuura vamwe.

Chidzidzo chegore ra2015 chakaburitswa chakaongorora makore mashanu ekupona kwevanhu vane nhanho dzakasiyana dzePAH uye vakaona kuti sezvo mamiriro achienderera mberi, makore mashanu ekupona anoderera.

Heano makore mashanu emakore ekupona kwevaongorori vakawana kune yega nhanho.

• Kirasi 1: 72 kusvika 88 muzana
• Kirasi 2: 72 kusvika 76 muzana
• Kirasi 3: 57 kusvika 60 muzana
• Kirasi 4: 27 kusvika 44 muzana

Kunyange pasina mushonga, kufambira mberi kwekurapa kwakabatsira kuvandudza maonero evanhu vane PAH. Dzidza zvakawanda nezvekupona kwehuwandu hwevanhu vane PAH.

Matanho epulmonary arterial hypertension

PAH yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvina zvichibva pakukomba kwezviratidzo.

Zvinoenderana nematanho akasimbiswa neWorld Health Organisation (WHO), PAH inorongwa muzvikamu zvina zvinoshanda:

• Kirasi 1. Mamiriro acho haatenderi kuita kwako kwepanyama Iwe hausangana nezviratidzo zvinoonekwa panguva dzechiitiko chemuviri kana zororo.
• Kirasi 2. Mamiriro acho anodzikamisa zvishoma chiitiko chako chemuviri. Unosangana nezviratidzo zvinoonekwa panguva dzezviitiko zvemuviri, asi kwete panguva yekuzorora.
• Kirasi 3. Mamiriro acho anonyanya kugadzirisa kuita kwako kwepanyama. Iwe unosangana nezviratidzo panguva dzekushomeka kushoma kwemuviri uye chiitiko chemuviri, asi kwete panguva yekuzorora.
• Kirasi 4. Iwe haugone kuita chero rudzi rwechiitiko chemuviri pasina zviratidzo. Unosangana nezviratidzo zvinoonekwa, kunyangwe panguva yekuzorora. Zviratidzo zvekurudyi-kwemoyo moyo kutadza zvinowanzoitika mune ino nhanho.

Kana iwe uine PAH, nhanho yemamiriro ako anozokanganisa nzira yekurapa yakakurudzirwa nachiremba wako. Tora ruzivo iwe rwaunoda kuti unzwisise mafambiro ezvinhu aya.

Mamwe marudzi epemmonary hypertension

PAH ndeimwe yemhando shanu dzepemonary hypertension (PH). Inozivikanwawo seGwaro 1 PAH.

Dzimwe mhando dzePH dzinosanganisira:

• Boka 2 PH, iyo inosunganidzwa kune mamwe mamiriro anosanganisira kuruboshwe kwemoyo wako
• Boka 3 PH, iyo inosangana nemamwe mamiriro ekufema mumapapu
• Boka rechina PH, iro rinogona kukonzerwa neyakagwamba kuwanda kweropa mumidziyo kumapapu ako
• Boka 5 PH, iyo inogona kukonzeresa kubva kune akasiyana mamwe mamiriro ehutano

Dzimwe mhando dzePH dzinorapika kupfuura dzimwe. Tora chinguva kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve akasiyana marudzi ePH.

Kufungidzira kwepermonary arterial hypertension

Mumakore achangopfuura, sarudzo dzekurapa dzakagadziridzwa kune vanhu vane PAH. Asi hapachina mushonga weiyo mamiriro.

Kutanga kuongororwa uye kurapwa kunogona kubatsira kugadzirisa zvirinani zviratidzo zvako, kudzikisa njodzi yako yezvinetso, uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwako nePAH. Verenga zvimwe nezve mhedzisiro yekurapwa kunogona kuve nemaonero ako nechirwere ichi.

Pulmonary hypertension mune vacheche vacheche

Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, PAH inobata vacheche vacheche. Izvi zvinozivikanwa sekuramba uchidzvinyirira pulmonary hypertension yemwana achangozvarwa (PPHN). Zvinoitika kana tsinga dzeropa dzichienda kumapapu emwana dzisingadzuruke zvakanaka mushure mekuzvarwa.

Njodzi zvinhu zvePHPHN zvinosanganisira:

• fetus zvirwere
• kushungurudzika kwakanyanya panguva yekusununguka
• matambudziko emapapu, akadai semapapu asina kusimba kana kufema kunetseka chirwere

Kana mwana wako akaonekwa kuti ane PPHN, chiremba wavo anoedza kuyananisira tsinga dzeropa mumapapu avo iine okisijeni inowedzera. Chiremba anogona zvakare kuda kushandisa mechina yekufema kutsigira kufema kwemwana wako.

Kurapa kwakakodzera uye nenguva kunogona kubatsira kudzikisa mwana wako panjodzi yekunonoka kukura uye hurema hwekushanda, zvichibatsira kusimudzira mukana wekupona.

Nhungamiro yemapurmonary arterial hypertension

Muna 2014, iyo American College yeChest Vanachiremba vakaburitsa kurapwa kwePAH. Mukuwedzera kune mamwe mazano, mazano aya anopa zano kuti:

• Vanhu vari panjodzi yekuvandudza PAH uye avo vane Kirasi 1 PAH vanofanirwa kuongororwa kusimudzira kwezviratidzo zvingangoda kurapwa.
• Kana zvichikwanisika, vanhu vane PAH vanofanirwa kuongororwa kuchipatara uko kune hunyanzvi hwekuongorora PAH, zvakanaka vasati vatanga kurapwa.
• Vanhu vane PAH vanofanirwa kurapwa chero mamiriro ehutano anogona kupa chirwere.
• Vanhu vane PAH vanofanirwa kubayiwa nhomba nefuruwenza uye pneumococcal pneumonia.
• Vanhu vane PAH vanofanirwa kudzivirira kuva nepamuviri. Kana vakava nepamuviri, vanofanirwa kupihwa rubatsiro kubva kuchikwata chehutano chakasiyana siyana chinosanganisira nyanzvi dzine hunyanzvi mupermonary hypertension.
• Vanhu vane PAH vanofanirwa kudzivirira kuvhiyiwa zvisina basa. Kana vachifanirwa kuvhiyiwa, vanofanirwa kupihwa rubatsiro kubva kuchikwata chezvehutano chakasiyana siyana chinosanganisira nyanzvi dzine hunyanzvi mupermonary hypertension.
• Vanhu vane PAH vanofanirwa kudzivirira kusangana nekukwira kwakakwirira, kusanganisira kufamba kwemhepo. Kana vachifanira kuratidzwa kumatunhu akakwirira, vanofanirwa kushandisa yekuwedzera okisijeni pazvinenge zvichidikanwa.

Iyi nhungamiro inopa huwandu hwenyaya hwekuti ungachengeta sei vanhu vane PAH. Kurapa kwako wega kunobva pane yako nhoroondo yezvokurapa uye zviratidzo zvauri kusangana nazvo.

Mubvunzo:

Pane matanho api angatorwa nemumwe munhu kudzivirira kukura kwePAH?

A:

Pulmonary arterial hypertension haigone kudzivirirwa nguva dzose. Zvisinei, mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kutungamira kuPAH anogona kudzivirirwa kana kudzorwa kudzikisa njodzi yekuvandudza PAH. Aya mamiriro anosanganisira coronary arteri chirwere, hypertension, chisingaperi chirwere chechiropa (chinowanzoenderana neakakora chiropa, doro, uye hutachiona hepatitis), HIV, uye chisingaperi chirwere chemapapu, kunyanya zvine chekuita nekusvuta uye kuratidzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.