Mhando dzeSchizophrenia

Zvemukati

• Ikozvino DSM-5 chinzvimbo
• Subtypes yeschizophrenia
• Paranoid schizophrenia
• Hebephrenic / isina kurongeka schizophrenia
• Asina kukodzera schizophrenia
• Kusara schizophrenia
• Catatonic schizophrenia
• Udiki schizophrenia
• Mamiriro ane hukama neschizophrenia
• Schizoaffective kusagadzikana
• Mamwe mamiriro akafanana
• Kutora

Chii chinonzi schizophrenia?

Schizophrenia chirwere chisingaperi chepfungwa chinokanganisa:

• manzwiro
• kugona kufunga zvine musoro uye zvakajeka
• kugona kushamwaridzana uye nekudyidzana nevamwe

Zvinoenderana neNational Alliance yeMental Illness (NAMI), schizophrenia inobata vangangoita 1 muzana yevaAmerica. Izvo zvinowanzoonekwa mukunonoka kwekuyaruka kana kutanga kwema20s evarume, uye kunonoka makumi maviri kana kutanga makumi matatu muvakadzi.

Zvikamu zvehurwere zvinogona kuuya nekuenda, zvakafanana nechirwere mukuregererwa. Kana paine nguva "inoshanda", munhu anogona kusangana:

• kuona zvisipo
• kunyengera
• kunetseka kufunga uye kuisa pfungwa
• bata bata

Ikozvino DSM-5 chinzvimbo

Matambudziko akati wandei aive neshanduko dzekuongorora dzakaitwa mune nyowani "Kuongorora uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders, 5th Edition," kusanganisira schizophrenia. Munguva yakapfuura, munhu aifanira kungova nechimwe chezviratidzo kuti aonekwe. Zvino, munhu anofanirwa kuve nezviratidzo zviviri.

Iyo DSM-5 yakabvisawo iwo madiki senge akapatsanurwa ekuongorora zvikamu, zvichibva pachiratidzo chinoratidza. Izvi zvakaonekwa kuti hazvibatsire, nekuti madiki madiki akapindirana uye zvaifungidzirwa kudzikisira kuongororwa kwehutano, sekureva kweAmerican Psychiatric Association.

Pane kudaro, aya madiki madiki ave ekutsanangudza ekuwedzera kuongororwa, kuti ape rumwe ruzivo rwechiremba.

Subtypes yeschizophrenia

Kunyangwe iwo madiki madiki asipo seakaparadzaniswa emakiriniki kusagadzikana zvekare, anogona achiri kubatsira sevanofungidzira uye pakurapa kwekurapa. Kune mashanu echinyakare subtypes:

• kupenga
• hebephrenic
• zvisina kukodzera
• zvakasara
• catatonic

Paranoid schizophrenia

Paranoid schizophrenia yaimbove ndiyo yakajairika chimiro cheschizophrenia. Muna 2013, iyo American Psychiatric Association yakaratidza kuti paranoia yaive chiratidzo chakanaka chechirwere, saka paranoid schizophrenia yakanga isiri mamiriro akapatsanuka. Nekudaro, iyo yakazongo shandurwa kuita schizophrenia.

Tsananguro yediki iri ichiri kushandiswa hazvo, nekuda kwekuti yakajairika sei. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• kunyengera
• kuona zvisipo
• kutaura kusina kurongeka (izwi saradhi, echolalia)
• kunetseka kuisa pfungwa
• kushaya hunhu (kudzvinyirira kudzora, kushushikana kwemabasa)
• flat kukanganisa

Izwi saradhi chiratidzo chemashoko apo mazwi akasarudzika akasungirirwa pamwe zvisina kurongeka zvine musoro.

Hebephrenic / isina kurongeka schizophrenia

Hebephrenic kana kusarongeka schizophrenia ichiri kuzivikanwa neInternational Statistical Classification yezvirwere uye Matambudziko Ehutano Akabatana (ICD-10), kunyangwe yakabviswa muDSM-5.

Mukusiyana uku kwe schizophrenia, munhu wacho haana hunyengeri kana fungidziro. Pane kudaro, vanowana maitiro asina kurongeka uye kutaura. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• flat kukanganisa
• kukanganiswa kwekutaura
• kusarongeka kufunga
• manzwiro asina kufanira kana kumeso kwechiso
• kunetseka nemabasa ezuva nezuva

Asina kukodzera schizophrenia

Undifferentiated schizophrenia raive izwi raishandiswa kutsanangura kana munhu achiratidza maitiro aishandiswa kune anopfuura rumwe rudzi rwechichichiphrenia. Semuenzaniso, munhu aive nekatatiki maitiro asi zvakare aive nekunyepedzera kana kuona zvisizvo, neshoko saradhi, anogona kunge akaonekwa aine undifferentiated schizophrenia.

Iine nzira nyowani yekuongorora, izvi zvinongoratidzira kuna chiremba kuti zviratidzo zvakasiyana zviripo.

Kusara schizophrenia

Iyi "subtype" inononoka. Yakave ichishandiswa kana munhu aine chirwere chekare chechichichiphrenia asi asisina chero chakakurumbira zviratidzo zvechirwere. Zviratidzo zvakawanzo kuderera musimba.

Residual schizophrenia inowanzo sanganisira zvimwe "zvakaipa" zviratidzo, senge:

• flattened kukanganisa
• psychomotor matambudziko
• kutaura kunonoka
• utsanana husina kunaka

Vanhu vazhinji vane schizophrenia vanoenda kuburikidza nenguva apo zviratidzo zvavo zvinomomoka uye zvinopera uye zvinowirirana muhuwandu uye kusimba. Naizvozvo, iri zita rinowanzo shandiswa zvakare.

Catatonic schizophrenia

Kunyangwe catatonic schizophrenia yaive chikamu chidiki muchinyorwa chekare cheDSM, zvakamhan'arwa munguva yakapfuura kuti catatonia inofanirwa kuve yakawanda yekufungidzira. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti zvinoitika mune dzakasiyana mamiriro epfungwa uye huwandu hwezvekurapa.

Inowanzozviratidza sekusafamba, asi inogona zvakare kutaridzika se:

• kutevedzera maitiro
• mutism
• mamiriro akaita seapusa

Udiki schizophrenia

Zvekuchembera schizophrenia haisi subtype, asi pachinoshandiswa kureva nguva yekuongororwa. Kuongororwa muvana hakuna kujairika.

Kana zvikaitika, zvinogona kuva zvakanyanya. Kutanga-kutanga schizophrenia kunowanzoitika pakati pemazera e13 ne18. Kuongororwa pasi pezera re13 kunofungidzirwa kutanga-kutanga, uye hakuwanzoitika.

Zviratidzo muvana vadiki kwazvo zvakafanana neizvo zvekushungurudzika kwekukura, senge autism uye kucherechedza-kushomeka kushaya hutano chirwere (ADHD). Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• mutauro kunonoka
• kunonoka kana kushamisa kukambaira kana kufamba
• kusagadzikana kwemotokari kufamba

Izvo zvakakosha kuti ubvise nyaya dzebudiriro kana uchifunga yekutanga-kutanga schizophrenia kuongororwa.

Zviratidzo muvana vakura uye vachiri kuyaruka zvinosanganisira:

• kurega kushamwaridzana
• kukanganiswa kwekurara
• kukanganisa kushanda kwechikoro
• kugumbuka
• hunhu
• kushandisa zvinhu

Vechidiki vanhu kashoma kuti vave nekunyengera, asi ivo vanowanzo kuve nekufungidzira. Sezvo vechidiki vanokura, zvinowanzoitika zviratidzo zvechichichiphrenia senge zviri mune vakuru zvinowanzobuda.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uve neruzivo ruzivo unoita kuongororwa kwehucheche schizophrenia, nekuti hazvishamise. Izvo zvakakosha kuti ubvise chero imwe mamiriro, kusanganisira kushandisa zvinodhaka kana imwe organic medical issue.

Kurapa kunofanirwa kutungamirwa nemwana wepfungwa ane ruzivo muhucheche schizophrenia. Inowanzo sanganisira musanganiswa wemishonga yakadai se:

• mishonga
• kurapwa
• hunyanzvi hwekudzidzisa
• kugara muchipatara, kana zvichidikanwa

Mamiriro ane hukama neschizophrenia

Schizoaffective kusagadzikana

Schizoaffective kusagadzikana iri rakapatsanuka uye rakasiyana mamiriro kubva kuchichichichiphrenia, asi dzimwe nguva inovhenekerwa mukati mayo. Dambudziko iri rine zvinhu zvese schizophrenia uye kusagadzikana kwepfungwa.

Psychosis - iyo inosanganisira kurasikirwa kwekusangana neichoicho - inowanzo kuve chinhu. Matambudziko emafungiro anogona kusanganisira mania kana kushungurudzika.

Dambudziko reSchizoaffective rinosanganisirwa muzvidimbu zvinoenderana nekuti munhu anongo shungurudzika here, kana kuti zvakare ane manic episodes ane kana asina kushushikana. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• kufunga kwepfungwa
• kunyengera kana kufungidzira
• kunetseka kuisa pfungwa
• kuora mwoyo
• kusagadzikana kana mania
• hutsanana hwemunhu
• kudya kunokanganisa
• kukanganiswa kwekurara
• kurega kushamwaridzana
• kusarongeka kufunga kana maitiro

Kuongororwa kunowanzoitwa kuburikidza nekunyatsoongorora bvunzo, kubvunzurudzwa, uye kuongororwa kwepfungwa. Zvakakosha kutonga chero mamiriro ekurapa kana chero zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa senge bipolar kusagadzikana. Mishonga inosanganisira:

• mishonga
• boka kana kurapwa kwega
• inoshanda hupenyu hunyanzvi kudzidziswa

Mamwe mamiriro akafanana

Mimwe mamiriro akafanana kune schizophrenia anosanganisira:

• kunyengera kusagadzikana
• pfupi psychotic kusagadzikana
• schizophreniform kusagadzikana

Iwe unogona zvakare kuona psychosis ine akati wandei mamiriro ehutano.

Kutora

Schizophrenia mamiriro akaoma. Haasi munhu wese anoonekwa kuti anayo anozove nezviratidzo zvakafanana kana kuratidzwa.

Kunyangwe zvidimbu zvisisazivikanwe, zvichiri kushandiswa sekufungidzira kubatsira mukuronga kwekurapwa kwekiriniki. Kunzwisisa ruzivo nezve subtypes uye schizophrenia mune zvese zvinogona zvakare kukubatsira iwe mukugadzirisa mamiriro ako.

Neyakakodzera kuongororwa, chirongwa chakakosha chekurapa chinogona kugadzirwa nekuitwa nechikwata chako chekuchengetedza hutano.