Mwoyo system: Anatomy, physiology uye zvirwere

Zvemukati

• Anatomy yeiyo yemoyo system
• 1. Mwoyo
• 2. Tsinga netsinga
• Physiology yeiyo yemoyo system
• Zvirwere zvinogona kuitika zvinogona kumuka

Iyo yemoyo sisitimu ndiyo seti iyo inosanganisira moyo nemidziyo yeropa uye inoitisa kuunza ropa rakapfuma muoksijeni uye yakaderera muacarbon dioxide kunhengo dzese dzemuviri, ichivabvumidza kuti vashande nemazvo.

Pamusoro pezvo, rimwe basa rakakosha regadziriro iyi kudzosa ropa kubva mumuviri wese, iro rine mweya wakaderera uye rinoda kupfuura nemapapu zvakare kuitira kuti gasi riwirirane.

Anatomy yeiyo yemoyo system

Izvo zvakakosha zvikamu zvemoyo wemoyo system ndezvi:

1. Mwoyo

Mwoyo inhengo huru yemoyo yemasisitimu uye inoratidzirwa nemhasuru ine mhango, iri pakati pechipfuva, inoshanda sepombi. Iyo yakakamurwa kuita ina makamuri.

• Maviri atria: uko ropa rinosvika pamoyo kubva pamapapu kuburikidza neatrium yekuruboshwe kana kubva mumuviri kuburikidza neatrium yekurudyi;
• Ma ventricles maviri: apa ndipo panopinda ropa kuenda kumapapu kana nemutumbi wese.

Rutivi rworudyi rwemwoyo rwunogamuchira ropa rakapfuma muacarbon dioxide, inozivikanwawo seropa rine huturu, uye ndokuenda naro kumapapu, uko rinogamuchira oxygen. Kubva pamapapu, ropa rinoyerera kuenda kuruboshwe atrium uye kubva ipapo kuenda kuruboshwe ventricle, kubva uko inomuka aorta, inotakura ropa rakapfuma muoksijeni uye zvinovaka muviri mumuviri wese.

2. Tsinga netsinga

Kutenderera mumuviri wese, ropa rinoyerera richipinda mumidziyo yeropa, iyo inogona kuverengerwa se:

• Tsinga: vane simba uye vanoshanduka-shanduka sezvo vachida kutakura ropa kubva pamoyo uye vanomira neBP. Kuomarara kwayo kunobatsira mukuchengetedza BP panguva yekurova kwemoyo;
• Mashoma arteri uye arterioles: iva nemadziro emhasuru anogadzirisa hupamhi hwavo kuti awedzere kana kudzikisa kuyerera kweropa munzvimbo yakapihwa;
• Capillaries: iwo midziyo midiki yeropa uye madziro akapfava zvakanyanya, ayo anoita semabhiriji pakati petsinga. Izvi zvinobvumira okisijeni nezvinovaka muviri kuti zvipfuure zvichibva muropa zvichienda kumatishu uye tsvina yemetaboli kuti ipfuure ichibva munyama ichienda muropa;
• Tsinga: vanotakura ropa vachidzokera naro pamoyo uye kazhinji havasi pasi pekumanikidzwa kukuru, uye havafanirwe kuve vanochinjika senge tsinga.

Iko kushanda kwese kweiyo yemoyo sisitimu kunoenderana nekurova kwemoyo, uko iyo atria uye ventricles yemoyo inozorora uye kubvumirana, kuumba kutenderera uko kunovimbisa kutenderera kwese kweiyo muviri.

Physiology yeiyo yemoyo system

Iyo yemoyo system inogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvikuru: kutenderera kwemapapu (kutenderera kudiki), kunotora ropa kubva pamoyo kuenda kumapapu uye kubva kumapapu kudzokera kumoyo uye kutenderera kwese systemic (kutenderera kukuru), kunotora ropa kubva moyo kumatishu ese ari mumuviri kuburikidza ne aorta tsinga.

Iyo physiology yeiyo yemoyo system inovakwawo nematanho akati wandei, ayo anosanganisira:

1. Ropa rinouya kubva mumuviri, rakashata muoksijeni uye rakapfuma mucarbon dioxide, inoyerera nepakati vena cava kuenda kurudyi atrium;
2. Kana uchizadza, iyo atrium chaiyo inotumira ropa kune chaiyo ventricle;
3. Kana ventricle chaiyo yazara, inopomba ropa kuburikidza nevharumoni vharuvhu kune tsinga dzemapapu, dzinopa mapapu;
4. Ropa rinoyerera kune iyo capillaries mumapapu, inotora okisijeni uye kubvisa carbon dioxide;
5. Oxygen-yakazara ropa inoyerera kuburikidza nemapurmonary veins kuenda kuruboshwe atrium mumoyo;
6. Kana ichizadza, iyo atrium yekuruboshwe inotumira ropa-rakazara ropa kune iyo yekuruboshwe ventricle;
7. Kana ventricle yekuruboshwe yazara, inopomba ropa kuburikidza nevhoriyamu vharuvhu kuenda kune aorta;

Chekupedzisira, oxygen-yakazara ropa inodiridza iyo muviri wese, ichipa simba rinodiwa rekushanda kwenhengo dzese.

Zvirwere zvinogona kuitika zvinogona kumuka

Kune akati wandei zvirwere zvinogona kukanganisa moyo wemwoyo system. Izvo zvinonyanya kusanganisira:

• Kumira kurova kwemoyo: kurwadziwa kwakanyanya muchipfuva kunokonzerwa nekushaikwa kweropa mumoyo, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa kurufu. Ziva zviratidzo zvikuru zvekurwadziwa kwemoyo.
• Mwoyo arrhythmia: inozivikanwa nekusajairika kwemwoyo, uko kunogona kukonzera kurovera uye kufema kwekufema. Ziva zvinokonzeresa dambudziko iri uye maitiro ekuriziva.
• Kusakwana kwemoyo: inoonekwa apo moyo usingakwanise kupomba ropa rakaringana kugutsa zvido zvemuviri, zvichikonzera kufema kwekufema uye kuzvimba mumakumbo;
• Congenital chirwere chemoyo: iwo kukanganisika kwemoyo kuripo pakuzvarwa, sekugunun'una kwemoyo;
• Cardiomyopathy: chirwere chinokanganisa kudzvanywa kwemhasuru yemwoyo;
• Valvulopathy: seti yezvirwere zvinokanganisa chero e4 mavharuvhu anodzora kuyerera kweropa mumoyo.
• Kurohwa: inokonzerwa nemidziyo yeropa yakavharika kana kuputika muuropi. Uye zvakare, sitiroko inogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwekufamba, kutaura uye matambudziko ekuona.

Zvirwere zvehurongwa hwemwoyo, kunyanya coronary chirwere chemoyo uye sitiroko, ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera rufu pasi rese. Kufambira mberi mune zvekurapa kwakabatsira kudzikisa idzi nhamba, asi kurapwa kwakanyanya kunoramba kuri kudzivirira. Ona zvekuita kudzivirira sitiroko mune matipi manomwe ekuderedza njodzi yekurwadziwa kwemoyo uye sitiroko.