Microwaves: Mibvunzo Yako Inopindurwa

Zvemukati

• Chii chinoitika kune chikafu kana chikabikwa mu microwave?
• Ndeapi mamorekuru anochinja, kana paine, anoitika kune chikafu kana chiri microwaved?
• Ndedzipi shanduko dzehutano, kana dziripo, dzinoitika kune chikafu kana chiri microwaved?
• Ndezvipi zvingangokanganisa mhedzisiro yekudya kwemicrowave?
• Zvave zvichitaurwa kuti zvirimwa zvinopihwa microwaved mvura hazvikure. Izvi zvinoshanda here?
• Pane here musiyano unokwanisika pakati pechoto chechitofu- kana chevheni-chakabikwa uye chikafu chakabikwa nema microwave?

Muma1940s, Percy Spencer kuRaytheon aiyedza magnetron - chishandiso chinogadzira microwaves - paakazoona bhawa rehwamanda muhomwe yake ranyungudika.

Kuwanikwa netsaona uku kwaizomutungamira kuti akure izvo zvatinoziva iye zvino seovheni yema microwave yemazuva ano. Kwemakore, ichi chigadzirwa chekicheni chave chimwezve chinhu chinoita kuti basa remumba rive nyore.

Asi mibvunzo yakatenderedza kuchengetedzeka kwemovheni yewa microwave inosara. Mwaranzi inoshandiswa nemaovhoni aya yakachengeteka kuvanhu here? Iwo iwo mwaranzi urikuparadza zvinovaka muviri muzvikafu zvedu? Uye zvakadii izvo kudzidza kwakaitwa pazvirimwa zvakadyiswa microwave-inopisa mvura (zvimwe pane izvi gare gare)?

Kuti tipindure mimwe yemibvunzo yakakurumbira (uye yekutsimbirira) yakatenderedza ma microwaves, takabvunza maonero evatatu vezvekurapa: Natalie Olsen, RD, LD, ACSM EP-C, chiremba akanyoreswa nezvekudya uye anoita zvekusimbisa muviri; Natalie Butler, RD, LD, chiremba wezvekudya akanyoreswa; naKaren Gill, MD, chiremba wevana.

Hezvino zvavaifanira kutaura.

Chii chinoitika kune chikafu kana chikabikwa mu microwave?

Natalie Olsen: Ma microwaves inzira yekusajekesa magetsi emagetsi uye anoshandiswa kupisa chikafu nekukurumidza. Dzinokonzera mamorekuru kuzunguzika nekuvaka simba remafuta (kupisa).

Sekureva kweFDA, rudzi urwu rwemwaranzi haruna simba rakaringana rekugogodza maerekitironi kubva mumaatomu. Izvi zvinopesana neionizing radiation, iyo inogona kushandura maatomu nemamorekuru uye kukonzera maseru kukuvara.

Natalie Butler: Electromagnetic radiation masaisai, kana ma microwaves, anotakurirwa nechubhu yemagetsi inonzi magnetron. Aya mafungu anonwiwa nemamorekuru emvura muchikafu, zvichikonzera [mamorekuru] kudedera nekukurumidza, zvichikonzera chikafu chinopisa.

Karen Gill: Microwave ovens anoshandisa magetsi emagetsi mafungu ehurefu chaihwo uye huwandu hwekupisa nekubika chikafu. Aya mafungu anotarisa zvinhu zvakanangana, vachishandisa simba ravo kuburitsa kupisa, uye ndiyo iri kunyanya mvura iri muchikafu chako iri kupisa.

Ndeapi mamorekuru anochinja, kana paine, anoitika kune chikafu kana chiri microwaved?

AIHWA: Zvakanyanya kushomeka mamorekuru shanduko dzinoitika ne microwaving, nekuda kwemafungu emagetsi mashoma anopiwa. Sezvo iwo anoonekwa seasingaenzaniswi mafungu, shanduko yemakemikari mumamorekuru muzvikafu hazviitike.

Kana chikafu chapisa mu microwave, simba rinopinda mune chikafu, zvichikonzera ions muchikafu kuti dzigadzirise uye tenderere [zvichikonzera] mini-mabonderana. Izvi ndizvo zvinogadzira kukakavara uye nekudaro kupisa. Naizvozvo, iko chete kwemakemikari kana kwemuviri shanduko kuchikafu ndechekuti iko zvino kwatsva.

NB: Mamorekuru emvura muchikafu chine microwaved anodedera nekukurumidza sezvavanotora masaisai emagetsi emagetsi. Chikafu chakabikwa uye chakabikwa chakasvibirira chichawana rubbery, kuoma kwemavara nekuda kwekukurumidza kufamba uye nekukurumidza kubuda kwemamorekuru emvura.

KG: Ma microwaves anokonzeresa mamorekuru emvura kuti akurumidze kufamba uye anokonzeresa pakati pavo - izvi zvinogadzira kupisa. Mamorekuru emvura anoshandura polarity, inozivikanwa se "kutenderera," mukupindura kumagetsi emagetsi akagadzirwa nema microwaves. Kamwe iyo microwave yadzimwa, munda wesimba waenda uye mamorekuru emvura anomira kuchinja polarity.

Ndedzipi shanduko dzehutano, kana dziripo, dzinoitika kune chikafu kana chiri microwaved?

AIHWA: Kana yatsva, zvimwe zvinovaka muviri muzvikafu zvinoputsika, zvisinei nekuti zvakabikwa mu microwave, pachitofu, kana muhovhoni. Izvo zvakati, Harvard Health yakataura chikafu chakabikwa kwenguva ipfupi, uye chinoshandisa semvura shoma sezvazvinogona, zvinonyanya kuchengetedza zvinovaka muviri. Microwave inogona kuita izvi, sezvo iri nzira yekukurumidza yekubika.

Imwe ongororo ya2009 yakafananidza kurasika kwemanyowa kubva munzira dzakasiyana dzekubika yakawana kuti kukwenya, microwave yekubika, uye kubheka [ndiyo nzira iyo] inogadzira kurasikirwa kwakaderera kwazvo kwevakavaka muviri uye antioxidants.

NB: Mvura yemukati mukati mekudya kwe microwaved inoderedzwa sezvo ichikurumidza kupisa. Kana yakabikwa kana yakanyanyisa mu microwave, dhizaini yekudya inogona kuve isingadiwe. Mapuroteni anogona kuita rubbery, crispy textures inopfava, uye chikafu chine hunyoro chikaoma.

Zvimwechetezvo, vhitamini C ine vhitamini isina mvura inonaya uye inowanzo shatiswa ne microwave yekubika pane yekubika convection. Asi, nepo microwave yekubika ichideredza iyo antioxidant (vhitamini uye phytonutrient kuwanda kweimwe michero), vanogona kuchengetedza zvimwe zvinovaka muviri zviri nani mumimwe michero kupfuura dzimwe nzira dzekubika, senge kunokisa kana kufaya.

Microwave, inogona zvakare kudzikisa hutachiona hwechikafu, iyo inogona kuve nzira inobatsira yekudyara uye kuchengetedza chikafu. Semuenzaniso, microwaving red kabichi iri pamusoro pekutsvaira kudzivirira asi zvakanyanyisa pakuedza kuchengetedza vhitamini C.

Microwaving zvirinani inodzivirira quercetin, flavonoid muholiflower, asi yakaipa mukudzivirira kaempferol, flavonoid yakasiyana, kana ichienzaniswa nekupisa.

Zvakare, microwaving yakapwanyika gariki kwemasekondi makumi matanhatu inotadzisa kwazvo allicin zvemukati, ine simba anticancer komputa. Izvo zvakawanikwa, zvisinei, kuti kana iwe ukazorora gariki kwemaminitsi gumi mushure mekuipwanya, yakawanda yeallicin inodzivirirwa panguva yekubika microwave.

KG: Dzese nzira dzekubika chikafu dzinokonzeresa kumwe kurasikirwa kwehutano nekuda kwekudziya. Chikafu chemicrowave chakanakira kuchengetedza zvinovaka muviri nekuti haufanire kushandisa huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura yekuwedzera (senge nekubika) uye chikafu chako chinobika kwenguva pfupi.

Muriwo unonyanya kukodzera pakubika microwave, sezvo iine huwandu hwemvura uye, nekudaro, inobika nekukurumidza, isingade mvura yekuwedzera. Izvi zvakafanana nekupfungaira, asi nekukurumidza.

Ndezvipi zvingangokanganisa mhedzisiro yekudya kwemicrowave?

AIHWA: Scientific American yakapa tsananguro kubva kuna Anuradha Prakash, mutevedzeri wapurofesa muDhipatimendi reFood Science uye Nutrition paChapman University, iyo yakati hapana humbowo hwakakwana kutsigira kuti hutano hwemunhu hwakakanganiswa nema microwave.

Zvakataurwa kuti, "sekuziva kwedu, ma microwave haana simba pane chikafu." Mune mamwe mazwi, kunze kwekushandura tembiricha yechikafu, pane zvishoma zvakanyanya zvinokanganisa.

NB: Midziyo yechikafu chepurasitiki iyo microwaved inogona kusevha makemikari ane chepfu muchikafu uye nekudaro inofanirwa kudzivirirwa - shandisa girazi panzvimbo. Radiation leakage inogona zvakare kuitika mune zvisina kugadzirwa zvakanaka, zvisirizvo, kana zvekare ma microwaves, saka ita shuwa yekumira anosvika matanhatu masendimita kubva kune microwave kana uchibika.

KG: Iko hakuna mashoma- kana marefu-marefu mhedzisiro kubva kune microwaving chikafu. Njodzi huru ine microwave zvinwiwa kana chikafu chine yakakwira mvura zvirimo ndechekuti ivo vanogona kupisa zvisina kuenzana kana kumatembiricha akakwirira kwazvo.

Gara uchimutsa chikafu uye zvinwiwa mushure mekuzvichengeta microwave uye usati waongorora tembiricha. Zvakare, sarudza ma microwave-akachengeteka midziyo yekupisa nekubika.

Zvave zvichitaurwa kuti zvirimwa zvinopihwa microwaved mvura hazvikure. Izvi zvinoshanda here?

AIHWA: Tsvagurudzo pane ino wavers. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kukanganisa kumiti nenzira isina kunaka panoshandiswa mvura ine microwaved. Izvo zvakaratidzirwa kuti mwaranzi pamiti inogona kukanganisa maitiro avo ejeni uye hupenyu. Izvi, zvisinei, zvinonyanya kuoneka neionion radiation (kana yakakwira radiation radiation) [pane] pane nemwaranzi inoburitswa nema microwaves (nonionizing, yakaderera simba).

NB: Iyo yekutanga sainzi yakanaka purojekiti iyo yakadzidza mashandiro eiyo microwave mvura pazvirimwa yakaenda hutachiona kumashure muna2008. Nanhasi, microwaved mvura ichiri pasi pemubvunzo.

Microwaved mvura yakaratidzirwa mune zvimwe zvidzidzo kunyatso kuvandudza mbeu yekudyara uye kumera, senge inyaya yembeu yechickpea, nepo yaive nemhedzisiro kune zvimwe zvirimwa, pamwe nekuda kweshanduko muPH, mineral function, uye kufamba kwemamorekuru emvura.

Kumwe kutsvagurudza kunoratidza zvakare mhedzisiro inopesana pane iyo chlorophyll yezvirimwa: Zvimwe zvirimwa zvadzikira ruvara uye klorophyll zvemukati kana zvadiridzwa nemvura ine microwaved, nepo mamwe akafumurwa akawedzera chlorophyll zvemukati. Zvinoita kunge zvimwe zvirimwa zvine hunyanzvi kune radiation microwave kupfuura zvimwe.

KG: Kwete, izvi hazvisi zvechokwadi. Iyi ngano yave ichitenderera kwemakore uye inoita kunge ichibva kunofungidzirwa nesainzi yemwana. Mvura yakadziiswa mu microwave ikazotonhora yakafanana nemvura iya isati yadziiswa.Iko hakuna shanduko isingagumi mune mamorekuru chimiro chemvura kana ichipisa mu microwave.

Pane here musiyano unokwanisika pakati pechoto chechitofu- kana chevheni-chakabikwa uye chikafu chakabikwa nema microwave?

AIHWA: Microwave hovhoni ine zvirinani yekubika kunyatso sezvo iwe uchidziisa chikafu kubva mukati nekunze, kwete kunze kunze, sezvazviri nesitofu kana hovhoni. Naizvozvo, mutsauko mukuru pakati pechikafu chakabikwa pachitofu kana hovhoni maringe newa microwave inguva yekubika.

Sekureva kwesangano reWorld Health Organisation (WHO), chikafu chinobikwa muhovhoni yemicrowave chakachengeteka uye chine hunhu hwakafanana hwechikafu sezvakabikwa pachitofu.

NB: Ehe, misiyano yechikafu chakabikwa mu microwave maringe nedzimwe nzira inogona kuyerwa nekuwanda kwemavara, magadzirirwo, hunyoro zvemukati, uye polyphenol kana vhitamini zvemukati.

KG: Kazhinji, kwete, hapana. Rudzi rwechikafu chauri kubika, huwandu hwemvura yakawedzerwa kuibika, uye mudziyo waunoshandisa unogona kukanganisa nguva dzekubika uye huwandu hwefuturu hwakarasika panguva yekubika.

Chikafu chine microwaved chinowanzo kuve noutano nekuda kwenguva pfupi yekubika uye kushomeka kwekuda kwemafuta akawedzera, oiri, kana mvura inodiwa pakubika.

Natalie Olsen chiremba akanyoreswa wezvekudya uye anoita zvekuekisesaiza muviri anoongorora hutachiona nekudzivirira. Anotarisa pakuenzanisa pfungwa nemuviri neese-chikafu nzira. Ane maBachelor maviri emadhigirii muHutano uye Wellness Management uye muDietetics, uye ari ACSM-yakazivikanwa yekurovedza muviri physiologist. Natalie anoshanda kuApple semubatsiri wehutano hwehukama, uye anobvunza munzvimbo yakazara yehutano inonzi Alive + Well, pamwe nekubhizimusi rake muAustin, Texas. Natalie akavhoterwa pakati pe "Akanyanya Nutritionists muAustin" naAustin Fit Magazine. Iye anofarira kuve panze, inodziya mamiriro ekunze, kuyedza mitsva yekubika uye maresitorendi, uye kufamba.

Natalie Butler, RDN, LD, chidyiro pamoyo uye ane shungu dzekubatsira vanhu kuti vawane simba rekudya zvinovaka, chikafu chaicho nekusimbisa chikafu chinorema. Akapedza kudzidza kuStephen F. Austin State University kumabvazuva kweTexas uye anoshanda mukudzivirira kwechirwere chisingaperi uye manejimendi pamwe nekudya kwekubvisa uye hutano hwezvakatipoteredza. Iye nyanzvi yekudyidzana yekambani yeApple, Inc., muAustin, Texas, uye zvakare anozvibata ega maitiro, Nutritionbynatalie.com. Nzvimbo yake inofara ndiyo kicheni yake, gadheni, uye kunze kwekunze, uye anoda kudzidzisa vana vake vaviri kubika, gadheni, kushingaira, uye kunakidzwa noupenyu hwakanaka.

Dr. Karen Gill chiremba wevana. Akapedza kudzidza kuYunivhesiti yeSouth California. Hunyanzvi hwake hunosanganisira kuyamwisa, kudya kunovaka muviri, kudzivirira kufutisa, uye kurara kwehucheche uye nyaya dzehunhu. Akashanda sachigaro weDhipatimendi rePediatrics kuWoodland Memorial Hospital. Aive muchengeti wezvekurapa neYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Davis, achidzidzisa vadzidzi muchirongwa chekubatsira chiremba. Iye zvino ave kuita kuMission Neighborhood Health Center, achishandira vagari veLatino mudunhu reMission muSan Francisco.