Ko UV Chiedza Chinonyatso Disinfect uye Kuuraya Mavhairasi?

Zvemukati

• Asi chekutanga, chii chinonzi UV mwenje?
• Ko UV mwenje disinfection inogona kushandiswa kurwisa COVID-19?
• Unofanira kutenga UV mwenje disinfection zvigadzirwa?
• Ongororo ye

Mushure memwedzi yakawanda yekugeza maoko, kushamwaridzana, uye kupfeka mask, zvinoita sekunge iyo coronavirus yakachera machira ayo mukati meUS kwenguva refu. unokwanisa kutonga ndezvako zviito uye nharaunda, hazvishamise kuti iwe - uye angangoita munhu wese - wave kuchenesa-kutariswa. Kana iwe usina kuchengeta kumusoro kuClorox nemishonga inouraya utachiona kudzoka munaKurume, ungangove wakave nyanzvi pakufamba neGoogle kuti uwane mhinduro dzemibvunzo yakadai sekuti "steam inogona kuuraya mavhairasi here?" kana kuti "vhiniga mushonga unouraya utachiona?" Yako mamishini pasi peyatsvagwa tsuro gomba ingangodaro yakatokutungamira kune dzimwe nzira dzinoverengeka dzekuuraya utachiona: ndokuti, ultraviolet (UV) mwenje.

UV mwenje wakashandiswa kwemakumi emakore (hongu, makumi emakore!) Kuderedza kupararira kwehutachiona, senge iyo inokonzera tibhii, maererano neU.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Nezve kugona kwayo kuuraya hutachiona hweCOVID-19? Zvakanaka, izvo hazvina kunyatso kusimbiswa. Ramba uchiverenga kuti uwane icho chakatsigirwa nehunyanzvi nezve UV mwenje, kusanganisira kuti kana kwete here inogona chaizvo kudzivirira kutapurika kwekorionavirus uye chii chaunofanira kuziva nezve zvigadzirwa zvemwenje yeUV (kureva marambi, mawands, nezvimwewo) iwe waona pese pese pasocial media .

Asi chekutanga, chii chinonzi UV mwenje?

UV mwenje rudzi rwemagetsi emagetsi anofambiswa mumasaisai kana zvimedu nenzira dzakasiyana dzemalevelths nema frequency, ayo anoumba magetsi (EM) spectrum, anodaro Jim Malley, Ph.D., purofesa wezvemagariro ehurumende uye enharaunda kuYunivhesiti ye New Hampshire. Mhando yakajairika yeiyo UV radiation? Zuva, iro rinogadzira matatu akasiyana maranzi: UVA, UVB, uye UVC, sekureva kweDFA. Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva UVA uye UVB mwaranzi nekuti ivo vane mhosva yekupisa kwezuva uye gomarara reganda. (Zvakabatana: Ultraviolet Radiation Inokonzera Kukuvadzwa Kweganda - Kunyangwe Uri Mumba)

UVC maranzi, kune rumwe rutivi, haatomboite kusvika paPasi (iyo ozone layer inovharira 'em), saka iyo chete UVC mwenje vanhu inoratidzirwa ndeyekugadzira, maererano neFDA. Zvakadaro, yakanaka kwazvo inoshamisa; UVC, iyo ine pfupi pfupi wavelength uye ine simba repamusoro pane ese UV mwaranzi, inozivikanwa mishonga inouraya utachiona yemhepo, mvura, uye isina nzvimbo. Saka, kana uchitaura nezve UV light disinfection, tarisiro iri paUVC, anodaro Malley. Hezvino chikonzero nei: kana ichiburitswa pane mamwe mavelengths uye kune imwe nguva yakati rebei, mwenje weUVC unogona kukuvadza magene - DNA kana RNA - mumabhakitiriya nemavirusi, zvichitadzisa kugona kwavo kudzokorora uyezve, zvichikonzera mashandiro avo epamaseru kuputsa , anotsanangura Chris Olson, microbiologist uye maneja wepurogiramu yeInfection Prevention uye Emergency Preparedness paUCHealth Highlands Ranch Hospital. (Cherechedza: Nepo miranzi yeUVC kubva kunzvimbo dzekugadzira inogonawo kuisa njodzi dzinosanganisira kupiswa kweziso neganda - zvakafanana neUVA neUVB rays - iyo FDA inotsigira kuti kukuvara uku "kunowanzogadzirisa mukati mevhiki" uye kuti mukana wekuita kenza yeganda " zvakaderera kwazvo.")

Kuti UV light disinfection ishande, zvisinei, zvinoverengeka zvakakosha zvinhu zvinofanirwa kudzorwa. Kutanga, iwo mwaranzi inofanirwa kunge iri pamatanho akakodzera ehutachiona hwechinangwa. Nepo izvi zvichiwanzoenderana nechaiyo chipenyu, chero pakati pe200-300 nm "inofungidzirwa germicidal" ine peak inoshanda pa260 nm, anodaro Malley. Ivo zvakare vanofanirwa kunge vari padanho rakakodzera - UV kusimba kunowedzerwa nehuwandu hwenguva yekubata, anotsanangura. "Chiyero chakakodzera cheUV chinonyanya kudiwa chakakura kwazvo, chiri pakati pe2 kusvika 200 mJ / cm2 zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, zvinhu zviri kutorwa utachiona, uye mwero unodiwa wekuuraya utachiona."

Zvakakoshawo kuti nzvimbo iyi isununguke chero chinhu chingakanganisa mwenje weUVC kusvika kune chakanangwa, anodaro Malley. "Isu tinotaura nezve UV disinfection seyeti-yekuona-tekinoroji, saka kana paine chero chinhu chinovharira UV mwenje kusanganisira ivhu, makwapa, chero chinhu chinokanda mimvuri ipapo idzo 'nzvimbo dzine mumvuri kana dzakadzivirirwa' hadzizorasiswe utachiona."

Kana izvo zvichinzwika kunge zvakaoma, imhaka yekuti: "UV disinfection haisi nyore; haisi saizi imwe inokodzera zvese," anosimbisa Malley. Uye ndicho chimwe chete chikonzero nei nyanzvi uye kutsvagurudza zvisati zvichinyatsoziva kuti zvinoshanda sei, kana zviripo, zvinogona kupesana necoronavirus. (Onawo: Maitiro Ekuchengeta Imba Yako Yakachena uye Yakagwinya Kana Iwe Uri Woga-Wakavanzika Nekuda kweCoronavirus)

Ko UV mwenje disinfection inogona kushandiswa kurwisa COVID-19?

UVC ine nhoroondo yekushanda zvakanyanya kurwisa SARS-CoV-1 uye MERS, idzo hama dzepedyo dzeSARS-CoV-2, hutachiona hunokonzera COVID-19. Zvidzidzo zvakati wandei, kusanganisira mishumo yakataurwa neDFA, yawana kuti mwenje weUVC unogona kuve nehumwechete hunoshanda pakurwisa SARS-CoV-2, asi mazhinji haana kunyatso kuongororwa. Uyezve, kune shoma yakadhindwa data nezve wavelength, dosi, uye nguva yeUVC radiation inodiwa kumisa hutachiona hweSARS-CoV-2, maererano neFDA. Zvinoreva kuti kumwe kutsvagurudza kunodiwa chero munhu asati agona zviri pamutemo - uye zvakachengeteka - kurudzira UVC mwenje senzira yakavimbika yekuuraya coronavirus.

Izvo zviri kutaurwa, marambi eUV ave uye anoramba achishandiswa zvakanyanya senzira yekuvharisa mukati, semuenzaniso, hutano hwehutano. Chimwe chikonzero chakadai? Tsvagiridzo yakawana kuti mwaranzi yeUVC inogona kutapudza kutapurirana kwemahombekombe makuru (senge staph) ne30 muzana. Zvipatara zvakawanda (kana zvisingawanzo) zvinoshandisa robhoti inoburitsa UVC inenge yakayera dorm room firiji kuomesa makamuri ese, anodaro Chris Barty, chiremba wefizikisi uye ane mukurumbira purofesa wefizikisi uye nyeredzi paUniversity yeCalifornia, Irvine. Kana vanhu vangobuda mukamuri, chishandiso chinotanga kushanda kuburitsa mwaranzi yeUV, kuzvigadzirisa kune saizi yekamuri uye akasiyana (kureva mimvuri, nzvimbo dzakaomarara-kusvika) kupa mwenje chero bedzi ichiona zvakakodzera. Izvi zvinogona 4-5 maminetsi emakamuri madiki senge yekugezera kana 15-25 maminetsi emakamuri mahombe, sekureva kwaTru-D, imwe mhando yechigadzirwa ichi. (FWIW, izvi zvinoitwa pamwe nekuchenesa kwemanyorerwo uchishandisa mishonga inouraya utachiona yeEPA.)

Zvimwe zvivakwa zvekurapa zvinoshandisawo UVC makabati ane mikova yekuuraya utachiona zvinhu zvidiki senge iPads, mafoni, uye stethoscopes. Vamwe vakanyatsoisa michina yeUVC mumhepo yavo yekubvisa hutachiona hwemhepo yakadzokororwa, anodaro Olson - uye, tichipihwa chokwadi chekuti COVID-19 inopararira zvakanyanya kuburikidza neaerosol particles, iyi set-up ine musoro. Nekudaro, izvi zvigadzirwa zvekurapa-giredhi hazvina kuitirwa munhu kushandisa; hazvisi chete zvinodhura zvakanyanya, zvinodhura zvinodarika $ 100k, asi zvinodawo kudzidziswa kwakakodzera kwekushanda kunoshanda, anowedzera Malley.

Asi kana iwe wakapedza nguva yakawanda uchitsvaga COVID-19 disinfectants, iwe unoziva kuti kune-pamba UV gadget uye gizmos ari kurova musika nekumhanya kwewarp izvozvi, izvo zvese zvinoda sanitizing kugona kubva mukunyaradza kwemba yako. (Yakabatana: Iyo 9 Yakanakisa Kuchenesa Zvigadzirwa, Sekureva kweVanyanzvi)

Unofanira kutenga UV mwenje disinfection zvigadzirwa?

"Midziyo yakawanda yemagetsi emagetsi eUV yatinoongorora nekuyedza [kubudikidza nekutsvagisa kwedu kuUniversity yeNew Hampshire] haikwanise kusvika pakuuraya hutachiona hwavanoti mumashambadziro avo," anodaro Malley. "Mazhinji haana simba, haana kugadzirwa zvakanaka, uye anogona kuti anouraya 99,9% yemajemusi, asi kana tichiaedza anowana mashoma pane makumi mashanu kubva muzana kuuraya utachiona." (Inoenderana: 12 Nzvimbo Mahara Makemikari Anoda Kukura Izvo Zvaungangoda Kuti Uchenese RN)

Barty anobvumirana, achiti izvo zvishandiso zvinoburitsa UVC, asi "hazvina kukwana kuita chero chinhu muhuwandu hwenguva yakataurwa." Rangarira, kuti mwenje weUV unyatso kuuraya hutachiona, inofanirwa kunge ichipenya kwenguva yakati uye pane imwe wavelength - uye, kana zvasvika pakuuraya zvinobudirira COVID-19, ese maviri zviyero izvi zvichiri TBD, sekureva. FDA.

Nepo nyanzvi dzisingazive nezve kugona kweiyo UV disinfection zvishandiso zvinopesana ne coronavirus, kunyanya yekushandisa pamba, hapana kuramba kuti, pre-denda, UVC mwenje yakanga yaratidzwa (uye yakatoshandiswa) kuuraya mamwe maronda. Saka, kana iwe uchida kupa, iti, UV mwenje kuyedza, zvinokwanisika kuti zvinobatsira kudzora kupararira kwemamwe utachiona hwakahwanda mumba mako. Zvinhu zvishoma zvekuchengeta mundangariro usati watenga:

Mercury iri kwete-kwete. "Zvipatara zvinowanzoshandisa mwenje inonzi mercury vapor-based lamp nekuti dzinogona kugadzira mwenje weUVC yakawanda uye kuisa utachiona munguva pfupi," anodaro Barty. Asi, ICYDK, mercury ine chepfu. Nekudaro, aya marudzi emarambi eUV anoda kungwarira zvakanyanya panguva yekuchenesa nekurasa, zvinoenderana neiyo FDA. Uyezve, marambi emekiyuri anogadzirawo UVA uye UVB, izvo zvinogona kuve nenjodzi paganda rako. Tarisa zvishandiso zvisina mercury, senge Casetify's UV sanitizer (Tenga iyo, $120 $100, casetify.com) kana ayo akanyorwa kuti "excimer-based," zvichireva kuti vanoshandisa imwe nzira (sans-mercury) kuendesa UV mwenje.

Teerera kune wavelength.Haasi ese zvigadzirwa zveUVC zvakagadzirwa zvakaenzana - kunyanya kana zvasvika kune wavelengths. Sezvambotaurwa, iyo UVC wavelength inogona kukanganisa kugona kwechigadzirwa mukumisa hutachiona (uye nekudaro kuiuraya). Izvo zvinogona zvakare kukanganisa hutano uye chengetedzo njodzi dzinosangana nekushandisa chishandiso, zvichikusiya uine dambudziko rekutsvaga UV mwenje disinfection chishandiso ine simba rakaringana kuuraya utachiona pasina kuratidza yakawandisa hutano hutano. Saka chii chiri chemashiripiti nhamba? Kwese kupi pakati pe240-280 nm, zvinoenderana neCentre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Izvo zvataurwa, chidzidzo che2017 chakawana kuti marefu kubva pa207-222 nm anogona zvakare kushanda uye kuchengetedzeka (kunyange hazvo zvisiri nyore kuuya, sekureva kweInternational Commission yeNon-Ionizing Radiation Dziviriro. TL; DR - kana ikakupa runyararo rwepfungwa kana nyaradzo yekuuraya nyangwe hutachiona pafoni yako, enda kune zvigadzirwa zvinoburitsa, zvakanyanya, 280 nm.

Funga nezveuso hwako. Chiedza cheUVC chinonyanya kushanda pazvinhu zvakaoma, zvisina porous, maererano neDFA. Uye zvinowanzove zvisina basa pane huso nemapundu kana makwati, sezvo izvi zvichiomesera mwenje weUV kusvika munzvimbo dzese dzinogona kugara hutachiona, anotsanangura Barty. Saka, kuuraya hutachiona foni kana desktop skrini inogona kuita zvakanyanya kupfuura, toti, rug yako. Uye kana iwe uchinyatsoda kutenderedza yakatenderedza UV mwenje sanitizing wand (Tenga Iiri, $ 119, amazon.com) sekunge irimagetsi, kubheja kwako kwakanyanya kuita kudaro pamusoro, semuenzaniso, yako kicheni countertop (funga: yakatsetseka, isinganetsi , utachiona). 

Sarudza zvigadzirwa zvinovhara. Iyo wand-kunge UV chishandiso haisi yako yakanyanya kubheja, anodaro Malley. "Minyama mhenyu (vanhu, mhuka dzinovaraidza, zvirimwa) haifanire kugara ichionekwa kune mwenje weUVC kunze kwekunge iri munzvimbo inochengetedzwa zvine hunyanzvi nevanoziva nezvekurapa," anotsanangura. Imhaka yekuti radiation yeUVC inogona kukonzera kukuvara kwemaziso (senge photophotokeratitis, ziso rakapiswa nezuva) uye matehwe anopisa, maererano neFDA. Saka pachinzvimbo chakafumura zvigadzirwa zvemwenje senge tambo kana mwenje, sarudza "zvakavharirwa zvishandiso" zvinouya ne "maficha ekuchengetedza (otomatiki kuvhara maswitch, nezvimwewo) iyo kubvisa mukana wekuburitsa matukiti mhenyu kutsauka UVC mwenje," anodaro Malley. Imwe sarudzo yakanaka: "Chigadziro chefoni yako, kunyanya kana [foni yako] yasiyiwa imomo kwenguva yakareba (paunenge wakarara)," senge FoniSoap's Smartphone UV Sanitizer (Tenga It, $ 80, phonesoap.com).

Usatarise muchiedza. Sezvo mhedzisiro yenguva refu yeUVC pavanhu isingazivikanwe, zvakakosha kuti uve wakangwarira zvakanyanya uchishandisa chipenga. Dzivisa kuenderera mberi nekubatana neganda uye chengetedza kubva pakatarisana nekuvhenekera, sezvo kuratidzwa kwakananga kuUVC radiation kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwemaziso kunorwadza kana kupisa-sekuita kweganda, maererano neiyo FDA. Asi, ICYMI pakutanga, iyo UV disinfection zvishandiso zvaunogona kutenga kubva 'gramu kana maAmazon ari, mumashoko aMalley, "akasimbiswa" uye anouya ne otomatiki kuvhara-kure maficha, kudzikamisa njodzi. Zvakadaro, zviri nani kungwarira, tichifunga kuti hatinyatsonzwisisa njodzi. (Yakabatana: Bhuruu Chiedza kubva ku Screen Nguva Inogona Kukuvadza Ganda Rako?)

Pazasi mutsara: "Tsvaga chigadzirwa chine bhuku rakanyatsogadzirirwa uye rakanyatsorongeka remushandisi, akajeka maratidziro ezvinounzwa neUV mudziyo pamutengo, uye humwe humbowo hwekuyedzwa kwakazvimirira kwebato rechitatu kuratidza mashandiro ari kuitwa nechigadzirwa," anodaro Malley.

Uye kudzamara pave nekutsvagisa uye kongiri zvakawanikwa kuti UVC mwenje unogona kuuraya COVID-19, zvingangoita zvakanaka kungonamatira kuchenesa pane reg neCDC-yakatenderwa zvigadzirwa, ramba wakashinga nekushamwaridzana, uye, ndapota pfeka 👏🏻kuti 👏 🏻 chifukidzo 👏🏻.

Ongororo ye