Tinofanira Kutaura Nezvevakadzi & Mhirizhonga Pfuti

Zvemukati

• Ongororo ye

Patova nemakore anoda kusvika makumi matatu kubva pakadzikwa mutemo weViolence Against Women Act muna 1994. Pakutanga yakasainwa naPresident Bill Clinton, nerutsigiro rwakakura kubva kuna 2020 Democratic candidate, Joe Biden (uyo, panguva iyoyo, akanga ari senator weDelaware), mutemo wapa mabhiriyoni emadhora kuferefeta nekupomera mhosva dzechisimba kune vakadzi. Izvo zvakatungamira mukuumbwa kweHofisi yeHurumende Kupokana neVakadzi, chikamu cheDhipatimendi rezvemitemo icho chinosimbisa mabasa kune vakapukunyuka mhirizhonga mudzimba, kufambidzana nemhirizhonga, kushungurudzwa pabonde, uye kuteedzera. Mutemo wakagadzira hotline yenyika kune vanobatwa nemhirizhonga mudzimba. Yakapa mari nzvimbo dzekugara nedzinonetsa uye yakatsigira kudzidziswa kwekuchengetedza mutemo munharaunda munyika yose kuti vaongorore nemazvo zviito zvechisimba zvinoitirwa vakadzi uye kutsigira vapukunyuki.

Kutaura zvishoma, VAWA yakashandura nzira iyo vanhu vekuAmerica vanonzwisisa uye nekuona zvakanyanya kushungurudzwa kwevakadzi. Pakati pa1994 (pakagadzwa mutemo) na2010, mhirizhonga yepedyo yevakomana yakadonha neanopfuura makumi matanhatu muzana, sekureva kweDhipatimendi rezvemitemo. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoti VAWA yakaita basa guru mukuderera uku.

Kubva pakasainwa kuti ive mutemo, VAWA inovandudzwa makore mashanu ega ega, nguva yega yega ichiunza zvirongwa zvitsva zvekuchengetedza vakadzi zvirinani kubva kumhirizhonga. Iyo 2019 inogadziridza yeVAWA, semuenzaniso, yaisanganisira chirevo chekuvhara chinonzi "chikomba chinoputika." Parizvino, mutemo wemubatanidzwa unorambidza vanoshinha mudzimba kuti vasave nepfuti, asi chete kana munhu wacho akaroora (kana kuti akaroora), achigara naye, kana kuti aine mwana nemunhu akabatwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hapana chinomisa vanoshungurudza vanofambidzana kubva mukupfutirwa, kunyangwe vaine nhoroondo yekupara mhosva yemhirizhonga mudzimba. Tichifunga nezvekupondwa kwakaitwa nevanofambidzana navo kwave kuwedzera kwemakumi matatu emakore; chokwadi chekuti vakadzi vangangoita sevanogona kuurayiwa nevanodanana navo sevakaroora; uye idi rokuti kuvapowo zvako kwepfuti mumamiriro ezvinhu echisimba mudzimba kunogona kuwedzera ngozi yokupondwa kwomukadzi neinosvika 500 muzana, hazvina kumbova zvinokosha zvikuru kuvhara “mupopopo wevakomana.”

Nekudaro, apo kubviswa kwe "boyfriend loophole" kwakaunzwa mukuvandudzwa kweVAWA muna 2019, National Rifle Association, boka rinorwira kodzero dzepfuti, rakakurudzira zvakasimba kusadzika mutemo. Kurwira bato muCongress kwakatevera, kudzikamisa kuedza kwekubvumidzwa kweWAWA. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo VAWA parizvino yapera, ichisiya vakapona mumhirizhonga mudzimba, dzimba dzevakadzi, nemamwe masangano anopa rubatsiro runodiwa zvakanyanya kune vakadzi vanoshungurudzwa vasina rutsigiro rwemubatanidzwa uye rwemari. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha izvozvi, sezvo nhare dzemhirizhonga mudzimba uye nzvimbo dzematambudziko ekubatwa chibharo dzakazivisa kuwedzera kwakatsiga kwekufona kubva pakatanga denda re COVID-19.

Nekudaro, tingaitise sei mvumo iyo VAWA uye nekuvandudza neti yekuchengetedza kune vakapukunyuka mhirizhonga mudzimba? Chimiro akataura naLynn Rosenthal, mukwikwidzi anozivikanwa munyika yekudzivirira mhirizhonga mumhuri, nezvematambudziko akatarisana neAWA reauthorization uye kuti Biden anoronga kuzvigadzirisa sei. Rosenthal akabata zvinzvimbo semukuru weViolence Against Women Initiatives yeBiden Foundation, chipangamazano wekutanga kuWhite House nezvemhirizhonga inoitirwa vakadzi pasi peMutungamiri Barack Obama, uye mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wekudyidzana kwakasimba paNational Domestic Violence Hotline.

Chimiro: Ndeapi matambudziko makuru akatarisana nekupihwazve mvumo kweVAWA?

Rosenthal: Mhirizhonga yemudzimba nepfuti mubatanidzwa unouraya. Kubva kutanga kweVEWA, kwave nekuchengetedzwa mumutemo unopokana nemhirizhonga dzepfuti, kutanga nemutemo wekuti munhu ari pasi pechigarire chekuchengetedzwa (aka a restraining order) yemhirizhonga mudzimba haakwanise kuve nepfuti kana mabara zviri pamutemo. Imwe dziviriro mumutemo iLautenberg Amendment, iyo inoti vanhu vanobatwa nemhosva dzemhirizhonga mudzimba havakwanisewo kuva nepfuti kana pfuti zviri pamutemo. Nekudaro, dziviriro idzi dzinoshanda chete kana akabatwa ari (kana aive) mukwanyina wemutadzi, kana vaigara vese, kana vakagovana mwana. Kuvhara "mukomana wedenga" kwaizongowedzera izvi zvekudzivirira kune avo vasina kuroora, vasina kugara vese, uye vasina mwana pamwechete.

VAWA haifanire, neimwe nzira, kuve nhabvu inotsigira. Inofanira kunge iri chidimbu chemutemo unounza vanhu pamwechete kuti vatarise kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu.

Lynn Rosenthal

VAWA haifanire, neimwe nzira, kuve nhabvu inotsigira. Icho chiri pakati pekupindura kwenyika kurudzi rwemhirizhonga, kufambidzana nemhirizhonga, kushungurudzwa pabonde, uye kuteedzera. Inofanira kunge iri chidimbu chemutemo unounza vanhu pamwechete kuti vatarise kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu. Iyo haifanire kushandiswa seyakawedzera munharaunda yeruzhinji. Inofanira kumira yega sechikamu chakakomba chemutemo. Zvinotyisa kusaona idzi dziviriro dzichiwedzerwa.

Chimiro: Nei zvichinyanya kukosha kupa mvumo kune VAWA mune ino mamiriro ekunze?

Rosenthal: Denda reCCIDID-19 rakafumura marudzi ese ekusiyana, kusanganisira kusarurana kwemarudzi mukupindura denda iri uye njodzi yakatarisana nenharaunda. Paunowedzera mhirizhonga mudzimba mumusanganiswa, izvo zvinoita kuti zvinhu zvitonyanya kuomarara.

Iyo Coronavirus Aid, Relief, uye Economic Security Act uye Hutano uye Economic Recovery Omnibus Emergency Solutions Act inosanganisirwa. vamwe mari yekubatsira mhirizhonga mudzimba, asi haina kukwana. Isu tinofanirwa kupa ruyamuro rwakawanda kune vakapona mhirizhonga yemudzimba uye zvirongwa zvinovashandira. Fungidzira mhedzisiro yedenda pavanhu vakavharirwa mudzimba dzavo, vachibata nezvese zvinonetsa zvekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe, vachiedza kubatsira vana vavo kuchikoro, uye kutarisana nemhirizhonga mudzimba nekushungurudzwa. Isu tinofanirwa kuwana zororo kune vanhu ava kwete chete kuburikidza neVAWA, asi kuburikidza neakare matanho zvakare, senge imwe COVID-19 yekudzoreredza package. Zvikasadaro, tinosiya vakabatwa nemhirizhonga mudzimba pasina rubatsiro nedziviriro kwemakore mazhinji apo isu tichitsvaga kupora kwenyika kubva padenda.

Nezvemvumo yeWAWA, kunyanya, mubvunzo chaiwo ndouyu: Nhau yemhirizhonga mudzimba kuvakadzi inonyanya kukosheswa nyika yedu, kana kwete? Kana tikatarisa pane data, vanopfuura mumwe muvakadzi vatatu vanosangana neimwe nzira yekushungurudzwa newavanoshamwaridzana naye. Icho chikamu chakakosha chevagari vedu vane zvavanoda kazhinji zvisingaendeswe. Kana isu tikanzwisisa kukura kwedambudziko uye njodzi kune kwenguva refu hutano nehutano hwepfungwa kunetsekana kwevakadzi nemhuri, saka tingaite izvi zvive pekutanga. Isu ndingadaro pfuudza imwe COVID-19 yekudzoreredza package nekukurumidza uye nemari yakawanda yekuyamura mhirizhonga mudzimba. Isu ndingadaro enderera mberi nekupazve mvumo yeVAWA. Isu handidi kurwadziswa nemapato emapato. Dai isu taive nehanya nezvedambudziko iri, taikurumidza kufamba, uye taizopa zviwanikwa zvinodiwa.

Chimiro: Kunze kwe "mukomana anopenga," ndezvipi zvimwe zvakagadziriswa kuWAWA zvingasimudzira kuchengetedzeka kwevakapona mumhirizhonga mudzimba?

Rosenthal: VAWA pakutanga yakanangana nekuvandudza mutongo wedare remhirizhonga kumhirizhonga mudzimba nekushungurudzwa pabonde kuburikidza neshanduko dzinodiwa, kusanganisira kutora nyika kuti dzikoshese kuchengetedzwa kwevanotambudzwa uye kuzvidavirira kwemutadzi. Chimwe chikamu chakakomba chemafomu ekutanga eWAWA, iyo iri kuramba ichikosha nhasi, ndeye mari yemubatanidzwa wevagari kupindura mhirizhonga mudzimba. Izvi zvinoreva kuunza pamwe chete masisitimu anopesvedzera mafambiro anoita nyaya dzemhirizhonga mudzimba kuburikidza nehurongwa: kuchengetedzwa kwemutemo, vachuchisi, matare, masangano anotsigira mhirizhonga, nezvimwe.

Asi aimbova mutevedzeri wemutungamiriri wenyika, Biden, akaunza iyo VAWA muma '90s, agara achiti mutemo ibasa riri kuenderera richashanduka zvichienderana nezvinodiwa munharaunda. Nekubvumidzwa kwega kwega kweVAWA - 2000, 2005, 2013 - pakanga paine mitsva mitsva. Nhasi, iyo VAWA yakachinja kuti ibatanidze echirongwa chedzimba dzimba (dzinopa pekugara kwenguva pfupi uye rutsigiro kubatsira kubvisa musiyano uripo pakati pekushaya pekugara uye nemamiriro ekugara zvachose), dzimba dzakapihwa rubatsiro, uye kurwisa-rusarura kudzvinyirirwa kwevanoshungurudzwa mudzimba. VAWA zvakare inosanganisira zvirongwa zvekudzivirira mhirizhonga mudzimba uye pfungwa yakawedzerwa pamusoro pekudzidziswa kwekushungurudzwa (nzira inoziva kuvapo kunogona kuita uye chinzvimbo chekushungurudzika mune hunhu hwevamwe) kumapurisa nevamwe vashandi vezvematongerwo enyika.

Tichitarisira, mari inofanira kunge iri mumaoko evanhu vari kunyanya kushungurudzwa nemhirizhonga mudzimba. Vakadzi vechitema vanotarisana nekaviri nehafu mwero wokupondwa kwevakadzi vechichena mumamiriro ezvinhu emhirizhonga mudzimba. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nesystemic rusarura mukutonga kwemhosva. Nekuda kwekusarura uku, zvichemo zvematsotsi - zvinosanganisira mhirizhonga mudzimba - zvinoitwa nevakadzi vane ruvara kazhinji hazvitorwe zvakanyanya. Zvakare, nekuda kwechisimba chemapurisa munharaunda dzevatema, vakadzi vechitema vanogona kutya kusvika kuti vabatsirwe.

Tichitarisira, mari inofanira kunge iri mumaoko evanhu vari kunyanya kushungurudzwa nemhirizhonga mudzimba.

Lynn Rosenthal

Ikozvino nhaurirano nezve systemic rusaruraganda iri pamberi uye pakati muUS, tingaite sei kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti mhosva dzemhirizhonga mudzimba dzakabatanidzwa? VAWA inopa mukana wekuita chaizvo izvo. Zvinotosanganisira zvisungo zvekuyedza kudzoreredza zvirongwa zvekutonga, izvo zvinosanganisira nzira isina kurongeka yekutanga nhaurirano (kuburikidza nemisangano nekuyananisa) pakati pevapukunyuki nevanoshungurudza nerutsigiro rwenharaunda yeakapona (mhuri, shamwari, vatungamiriri vezvitendero, nezvimwewo). Izvi zvinoreva kuti tiri kutarisa pamusoro pemapurisa semhinduro chete kumhirizhonga mudzimba nekushungurudzwa pabonde nekuita zvimwe zvikamu nemasevhisi evanopona nekuchengetedza kuzvidavirira kwevanokanganisa. Ndiwo mukana unonakidza uye chimwe chinhu chatinogona kuramba tichigadzira mune ramangwana reVAWA.

Chimiro: Ndedzipi shanduko dzatingatarisira kuona mumhirizhonga mudzimba kuU.S.kana tikasarudza mutungamiri wenyika anorwira kuchengetedza vakadzi?

Rosenthal: Biden paakanga ari muWhite House semutevedzeri wemutungamiri wenyika, akange aine simba rakakura pamhinduro yenyika kurudzi rwekushungurudzwa pabonde. Akashanda neDhipatimendi redzidzo pakusimbisa Musoro IX (unodzivirira vadzidzi kubva kusarura-rinobva pabonde, kusanganisira kushungurudzwa pabonde). Akabatsira kuvandudza Zviri Kwatiri, chirongwa chekuziva munharaunda chinounza hurukuro nezvekudzivirira kushungurudzwa pabonde kumazana emakoreji nemayunivhesiti munyika yose. Akawana mamiriyoni emadhora emari yerubatsiro mukuedza kwenyika kugadzirisa kusakwana kwezvishandiso zvekubatwa chibharo zvisina kuongororwa kuitira kuti vanobatwa chibharo vawane kururamisira.

Ndozvose zvaakaita as vice president. Fungidzira zvimwe zvaangakwanise kuita semutungamiriri wenyika. Anogona kuisa zvinokosheswa mubhajeti remubatanidzwa uye kuita kurudziro kuCongress nezve huwandu hwemari iyo zvirongwa zvekudzivirira mhirizhonga mudzimba zvinotoda kugadzirisa kukura kwedambudziko. Anogona kutidzosera kumashure kumaitiro akawira munzira senge kudzidzisa vatapi vezvehutano nezve mhirizhonga mudzimba nekudyara mukudzivirira kubata chibharo nedzidzo yenharaunda dzevechidiki. Kudzivirira chikamu chakakosha kwakadai kwatinofanira kuenda zvinotevera. Pane humbowo-hwakavakirwa marongero ekuratidza kuti iwe unogona kushandura mafungire, zvitendero, uye maitiro nezve mhirizhonga nehukama paunounza zvirongwa zvekudzivirira kune vechidiki pakutanga.

Paunenge uine mutungamiri ari kushingairira kurwira uye nekugadzirisa zvakakwana nyaya idzi, zvinotigadzika munzira yekupedza mhirizhonga mudzimba uye kushungurudzwa pabonde.

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvekuti sei, riini, uye kupi kwaunogona kuvhota gore rino shanyira usa.gov/how-to-vote. Unogona zvakare kuenda kunovhota.org kuti uwane nzvimbo yako yekuvhotera iri padyo, kumbira gwaro rekusavapo, ongorora chinzvimbo chako chekunyoresa, uye kutowana zviyeuchidzo zvesarudzo (kuti usazombopotsa mukana wekuti izwi rako rinzwike). Zvidiki zvekuvhota gore rino? Pikira kunyoresa, uye vhoti.org ichakutumira mameseji pazuva rako rekuzvarwa gumi nemasere - nekuti isu takarwa zvakanyanya kuti kodzero iyi isashandise.

Ongororo ye