Chii chinonzi Acanthocyte?

Zvemukati

• Nezve acanthocyte: Kwavanobva uye kwavanowanikwa
• Acanthocyte vs. echinocytes
• Acanthocytosis inoonekwa sei?
• Zvinokonzera uye zviratidzo zveacanthocytosis
• Nhaka acanthocytosis
• Neuroacanthocytosis
• Abetalipoproteinemia
• Yakawanikwa acanthocytosis
• Tora woenda nazvo

Acanthocyte ane masero matsvuku eropa ane spikes ehurefu hwakaenzana uye hupamhi hwakaenzana panzvimbo yesero. Zita iri rinobva kumazwi echiGiriki anoti "acantha" (zvinoreva kuti "munzwa") uye "kytos" (zvinoreva kuti "sero").

Aya maseru asina kujairika anosanganiswa nezvose zvakagara nhaka uye zvakawanikwa zvirwere. Asi vanhu vakuru vazhinji vane shoma muzana yeacanthocyte muropa ravo.

Muchikamu chino, tichafukidza kuti chii maacanthocyte, kuti akasiyana sei neechinocyte, uye mamiriro ezvinhu akasangana nawo.

Nezve acanthocyte: Kwavanobva uye kwavanowanikwa

Acanthocyte inofungidzirwa kuti inokonzerwa neshanduko mumapuroteni uye lipids pane matsvuku maseru. Chaizvoizvo sei uye nei mafikisi mafomu asinganyatsonzwisiswa.

Acanthocyte inowanikwa muvanhu vane zvinotevera mamiriro:

• chirwere chakakomba chechiropa
• zvisingawanzo zveurwere zvirwere, senge chorea-acanthocytosis uye McLeod syndrome
• kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri
• hypothyroidism
• abetalipoproteinemia (chirwere chisingawanzoitiki chinosanganisira kusakwanisa kutora mamwe mafuta ezvokudya)
• mushure mekubviswa kwepleen (splenectomy)
• anorexia nervosa

Mimwe mishonga, senge masitamin kana misoprostol (Cytotec), inosanganisirwa neacanthocyte.

Acanthocyte inowanikwawo mumuti weti yevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vane glomerulonephritis, rudzi rwechirwere cheitsvo.

Nekuda kwechimiro chavo, zvinofungidzirwa kuti maacanthocyte anogona kuvharirwa nekuparadzwa mu spleen, zvichikonzera hemolytic anemia.

Heanoi mufananidzo wemaacanthocyte mashanu pakati pemasero matsvuku eropa.

Getty Mifananidzo

Acanthocyte vs. echinocytes

Acanthocyte yakafanana neimwe tsvuku tsvuku yeropa inonzi echinocyte. MaEchinocyte anewo ma spikes pasero pevhu, kunyange ari madiki, akaumbwa zvakaenzana, uye akapatsanurwa zvakaenzana pasero pevhu.

Zita rekuti echinocyte rinobva mumazwi echiGiriki anoti "echinos" (zvinoreva kuti "urchin") uye "kytos" (zvinoreva kuti "sero").

Echinocyte, inonziwo burr maseru, inosanganisirwa neyekupedzisira-danho chirwere cheitsvo, chirwere chechiropa, uye kushomeka kweiyo enzyme pyruvate kinase.

Acanthocytosis inoonekwa sei?

Acanthocytosis inoreva kusarongeka kweacanthocyte muropa. Aya masapapen maseru matsvuku eropa anogona kuonekwa pane yekumusoro yeropa smear.

Izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa muenzaniso weropa rako pane girazi rinotsvedza, kurisvibisa, uye kuritarisa pasi pe microscope. Zvakakosha kushandisa yakachena ropa sampuro; kana zvisina kudaro, maacanthocyte uye echinocyte anotaridzika zvakafanana.

Kuti uongorore chero mamiriro ezvinhu akasangana neacanthocytosis, chiremba wako achatora yakazara nhoroondo yezvokurapa uye obvunza nezve zviratidzo zvako. Vanozobvunzawo nezvezvinogona kunge zvakagara nhaka mamiriro uye voita bvunzo dzepanyama.

Pamusoro pekunyorwa kweropa, chiremba anozoraira huwandu hweropa hwakazara uye kumwe kuyedzwa. Kana vakafungidzira kubatanidzwa kweveural, vanogona kuraira iyo brain brain scan.

Zvinokonzera uye zviratidzo zveacanthocytosis

Dzimwe mhando dzeacanthocytosis dzinogarwa nhaka, nepo dzimwe dzichiwanikwa.

Nhaka acanthocytosis

Hereditary acanthocytosis inokonzeresa kubva kune chaiwo majini shanduko ayo anogarwa nhaka. Iyo geni inogona kutorwa kubva kumubereki mumwe kana vaviri vabereki.

Heano mamwe mamiriro akasarudzika:

Neuroacanthocytosis

Neuroacanthocytosis inoreva acanthocytosis inosangana nezvinetso zvetsinga. Izvi hazviwanzoitika, pamwe nekufungidzirwa kuwanda kweimwe kusvika kumashanu emakesi pavanhu chiuru chimwe.

Aya ndiwo mamiriro ekudzikira zvishoma nezvishoma, anosanganisira:

• Chorea-acanthocytosis. Izvi zvinowanzoonekwa muma20s ako.
• McLeod chirwere. Izvi zvinogona kuoneka pamakore makumi maviri neshanu kusvika makumi matanhatu.
• Chirwere cheHuntington-senge 2 (HDL2). Izvi zvinowanzoonekwa mukukura kwevechidiki.
• Pantothenate kinase-inosangana neurodegeneration (PKAN). Izvi zvinowanzoonekwa muvana vari pasi pegumi uye zvinofambira mberi nekukurumidza.

Zviratidzo uye kuwedzera kwechirwere zvinosiyana nemunhu. Kazhinji, zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• kufamba kwakasarudzika kusazvibata
• kuziva kuderera
• pfari
• dystonia

Vamwe vanhu vanogona zvakare kuona zviratidzo zvepfungwa.

Iko hakuchina mushonga weeuroacanthocytosis. Asi zviratidzo zvinogona kurapwa. Kliniki miedzo nemasangano ekutsigira neuroacanthocytosis aripo.

Abetalipoproteinemia

Abetalipoproteinemia, inozivikanwawo seBassen-Kornzweig syndrome, zvinokonzeresa kubva mukugara nhaka yakafanana geni kubva kuvabereki vese. Zvinosanganisira kusakwanisa kutora mafuta ezvekudya, cholesterol, uye nemafuta-akatsetseka mavhitamini, akadai sevitamini E.

Abetalipoproteinemia inowanzoitika muhucheche, uye inogona kurapwa nemavitamini uye zvimwe zvinowedzera.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• kutadza kukura sechecheche
• matambudziko emutsipa, akadai sekutadza kwemhasuru kudzora
• kunonoka kukura kwepfungwa
• matambudziko ekugaya, senge manyoka uye zvituru zvinonhuwirira
• matambudziko emeso anowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma

Yakawanikwa acanthocytosis

Mamiriro mazhinji emakiriniki anosanganiswa neacanthocytosis. Iyo michina inobatanidzwa hainzwisiswe nguva dzose. Heano mamwe emamiriro aya.

• Chirwere chakakomba chechiropa. Acanthocytosis inofungidzirwa kuti inokonzerwa nekusaenzana kwecholesterol uye phospholipid muropa maseru membranes. Inogona kudzoserwa nechiropa chekuisa.
• Kubviswa kwepleen. Splenectomy inowanzo kuve yakabatana neacanthocytosis.
• Anorexia nervosa. Acanthocytosis inowanikwa kune vamwe vanhu vane anorexia. Inogona kudzoserwa nekurapwa kweanorexia.
• Hypothyroidism. Anofungidzirwa makumi maviri muzana yevanhu vane hypothyroidism vanokudziridza nyoro acanthocytosis. Acanthocytosis inosanganisirwa neyakaipisisa hypothyroidism (myxedema).
• Myelodysplasia. Vamwe vanhu vane rudzi urwu rwegomarara reropa vanoita acanthocytosis.
• Spherocytosis. Vamwe vanhu vane chirwere ichi cheropa vanogona kutora acanthocytosis.

Mimwe mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kusanganisira acanthocytosis ndeye cystic fibrosis, chirwere checeliac, uye kwakanyanya kushaya zvinovaka muviri.

Tora woenda nazvo

Acanthocyte ane maseru matsvuku eropa ane zvisirizvo zvisipo pasero pevhu. Ivo vanofambidzana neasingawanzo mugariro mamiriro pamwe neakawanda akajairika akawanikwa mamiriro.

Chiremba anogona kuongorora kubva pane zviratidzo uye neropa reropa smear. Dzimwe mhando dzeacanthocytosis yakagara nhaka iri kufambira mberi uye haigone kurapwa. Kuwana acanthocytosis kunowanzo kurapwa apo mamiriro ari pasi anorapwa.