Atelectasis

Atelectasis ndiko kudonha kwechikamu kana, zvakanyanya kushomeka, ese mapapu.

Atelectasis inokonzerwa nekuvharika kwenzvimbo dzemhepo (bronchus kana bronchioles) kana nekumanikidza kwekunze kwepapu.

Atelectasis haina kufanana neimwe mhando yemapapu akadonha anonzi pneumothorax, ayo anoitika kana mweya wabuda mupapu. Mhepo inozadza nzvimbo iri kunze kwepapu, pakati pemapapu uye chipfuva chemadziro.

Atelectasis yakajairika mushure mekuvhiyiwa kana mune vanhu vari kana vaive muchipatara.

Njodzi zvinhu zvekuvandudza atelectasis dzinosanganisira:

• Anesthesia
• Kushandiswa kwepombi yekufema
• Chinhu chekune dzimwe nyika mumugwagwa (unowanzoonekwa muvana)
• Chirwere chemapapu
• Mucus iyo inovhara nzira yemhepo
• Kushushikana pamapapu kunokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwemvura pakati pembabvu nemapapu (inonzi pleural effusion)
• Kurara kwenguva refu kwemubhedha uine mashoma shanduko muchinzvimbo
• Kufema zvishoma (kunogona kukonzerwa nekufema kunorwadza kana kushaya simba kwemhasuru)
• Mamota anovhara nzira yemhepo

Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira chero zvinotevera:

• Kufema kunetseka
• Kurwadziwa pachifuva
• Kukosora

Iko hakuna zviratidzo kana atelectasis iri munyoro.

Kuti usimbise kana uine atelectasis, bvunzo dzinotevera dzinogona kuitirwa kuti uone mapapu nemhepo.

• Kuongorora kwepanyama nekufungidzira (kuteerera) kana kurova (kubata) chipfuva
• Bronchoscopy
• Chest CT kana MRI scan
• Chest x-ray

Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekurapa icho chinokonzeresa uyezve kuwedzera maronda emapapu akadonha. Kana mvura iri kuisa kumanikidza pamapapu, kubvisa mvura yacho kunogona kubvumira kuti mapapu awedzere.

Mishonga inosanganisira imwe kana yakawanda yeanotevera:

• Rova (kurova) pachifuva kusunungura mamasi plugs mumhepo.
• Kudzidzira kufema kwakadzika (nerubatsiro rwezvinokurudzira spirometry zvishandiso).
• Bvisa kana bvisa chero kuvharika mumhepo nzira nebronchoscopy.
• Regedzera munhu kuti musoro uderere pane chipfuva (chinonzi postural drainage). Izvi zvinobvumira mucus kunyura zvakanyanya nyore.
• Bata bundu kana imwe mamiriro.
• Dzorera munhu wacho avete parutivi rwune hutano, achibvumira iyo yakadonha nzvimbo yemapapu kuti iwedzere kuwedzera.
• Shandisa inhaled mishonga kuvhura iyo yemhepo.
• Shandisa zvimwe zvishandiso zvinobatsira kuwedzera kumanikidza kwakanaka mumhepo uye nekujekesa zvinwiwa.
• Iva nesimba panyama kana zvichibvira

Mune munhu mukuru, atelectasis munzvimbo diki yemapapu kazhinji haisi kutyisidzira hupenyu. Mamwe mapapu anogona kugadzira nzvimbo yadonha, kuunza oxygen yakakwana kuti muviri ushande.

Nzvimbo huru dzeatelectasis dzinogona kutyisidzira hupenyu, kazhinji mumwana kana mwana mudiki, kana mune mumwe munhu ane chimwe chirwere chemapapu kana chirwere.

Mapapu akadonha anowanzo tenderera zvishoma nezvishoma kana kuvharika kwemumhepo kwabviswa. Kuora kana kukuvara kunogona kuramba kuripo.

Maonero anoenderana nechirwere chiri pasi. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vane gomarara rakakura kazhinji havaiti zvakanaka, nepo avo vane nyore atelectasis mushure mekuvhiyiwa vane mhedzisiro yakanaka kwazvo.

Pneumonia inogona kukura nekukurumidza mushure meatelectasis muchikamu chakakanganiswa chepapu.

Fonera wako mupi wezvehutano ipapo kana iwe ukaita zviratidzo zveatelectasis.

Kudzivirira atelectasis:

• Kurudzira kufamba uye kufema kwakadzika mune chero munhu akarara pamubhedha kwenguva refu.
• Chengeta zvinhu zvidiki pasingaonekwe nevana vadiki.
• Chengetedza kufema kwakadzika mushure meanesthesia.

Chikamu chemapapu chinodonha

• Bronchoscopy
• Mapapu
• Kufuridzira system

Carlsen KH, Crowley S, Smevik B. Atelectasis. Mu: Wilmott RW, Kuderedza R, Li A, et al. Kendig's Kukanganisika kweRefiratory Tract muVana. 9th ed.Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chits. 70.

Nagji AS, Jolissaint JS, Lau CL. Atelectasis. Mune: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Conn Yazvino Therapy 2021. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: 850-850.

Rozenfeld RA. Atelectasis. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 437.