Pericarditis

Pericarditis mamiriro mune iyo saga-senge yekufukidza yakatenderedza moyo (pericardium) inopiswa.

Chikonzero che pericarditis hachizivikanwe kana kusachengetedzwa mune dzakawanda zviitiko. Inonyanya kubata varume vane makore makumi maviri kusvika makumi mashanu.

Pericarditis inowanzo kuve mhedzisiro yehutachiona senge:

• Utachiona hutachiona hunokonzera chipfuva kutonhora kana mabayo
• Zvirwere nehutachiona (zvishoma zvakajairika)
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvefungal (zvisingawanzoitiki)

Mamiriro acho anogona kuonekwa nezvirwere zvakadai se:

• Kenza (kusanganisira leukemia)
• Kukanganisika uko immune system inorwisa hutano hwemuviri nyama nekukanganisa
• Utachiona hweHIV neAIDS
• Isingashande thyroid gland
• Itsvo kutadza
• Rheumatic fever
• Tiibhii (TB)

Zvimwe zvikonzero zvinosanganisira:

• Kumira kurova kwemoyo
• Kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo kana kushungurudzika kuchipfuva, esophagus, kana moyo
• Mimwe mishonga, senge procainamide, hydralazine, phenytoin, isoniazid, uye mimwe mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa kenza kana kudzvinyirira immune system
• Kuzvimba kana kuzvimba kwetsandanyama yemwoyo
• Radiation kurapa kuchipfuva

Kurwadziwa pachifuva kunogara kuripo. Kurwadziwa:

• Inogona kunzwika mumutsipa, pabendekete, musana, kana mudumbu
• Kazhinji zvinowedzera nekufema kwakadzika uye kunyepa zvakarara, uye zvinogona kuwedzera nekukosora uye kumedza
• Unogona kunzwa unopinza uye kubaya
• Inowanzo goneswa nekugara kumusoro uye kuzendamira kana kukotamira kumberi

Iwe unogona kunge uine fever, kutonhora, kana kutuka kana mamiriro acho ari kukonzerwa nehutachiona.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Ankle, tsoka, uye gumbo kuzvimba
• Kufunganya
• Kufema kunetseka kana wakarara pasi
• Kuoma kukosora
• Kuneta

Kana uchiteerera kumoyo ne stethoscope, mupi wezvehutano anogona kunzwa kurira kunodaidzwa kunzi pericardial rub. Ruzha rwemwoyo runogona kunge rwakaumbirwa kana kure. Panogona kuve nezvimwe zviratidzo zvekuwedzera kwemvura mu pericardium (pericardial effusion).

Kana chirwere ichi chakanyanya, panogona kuve ne:

• Kutsemuka mumapapu
• Kupera kwekufema kunonzwika
• Zvimwe zviratidzo zvemvura munzvimbo yakatenderedza mapapu

Iyi inotevera miedzo yekufungidzira inogona kuitwa kuti utarise moyo uye iwo masisitimu akatenderedza (pericardium):

• Chest MRI scan
• Chest x-ray
• Echocardiogram
• Electrocardiogram
• Mwoyo MRI kana moyo CT scan
• Radionuclide kuongorora

Kuti utarise kukuvara kwemhasuru yemoyo, mupi anogona kuraira troponin ini bvunzo. Mimwe miedzo yemarabhoritari inogona kusanganisira:

• Antinuclear nyowani (ANA)
• Tsika yeropa
• CBC
• C-inoshanda mapuroteni
• Erythrocyte sedimentation chiyero (ESR)
• Kuongororwa HIV
• Rheumatoid chinhu
• Tuberculin bvunzo yeganda

Chikonzero che pericarditis chinofanira kuzivikanwa, kana zvichibvira.

Mahombekombe epamusoro eanorwisa-kupisa mishonga (NSAIDs) senge ibuprofen anowanzo kupihwa nemushonga unonzi colchicine. Iyi mishonga inoderedza marwadzo ako uye inoderedza kuzvimba kana kuzvimba musaga rakakomberedza moyo wako. Iwe unozokumbirwa kuti utore iwo kwemazuva kusvika kumavhiki kana kupfuura mune zvimwe zviitiko.

Kana icho chikonzero che pericarditis chiri hutachiona:

• Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshandiswa kune hutachiona hutachiona
• Mishonga yekudzivirira ichave inoshandiswa kune fungal pericarditis

Mimwe mishonga inogona kushandiswa ndeiyi:

• Corticosteroids senge prednisone (mune vamwe vanhu)
• "Mapiritsi emvura" (diuretics) kubvisa zvakawandisa mvura

Kana kuwanda kwemvura kuita kuti moyo ushande zvakanaka, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Kudira mvura inoyerera kubva musaga. Iyi nzira, inonzi pericardiocentesis, inogona kuitwa uchishandisa tsono, iyo inotungamirwa ne ultrasound (echocardiography) kazhinji.
• Kucheka gomba diki (hwindo) mu pericardium (subxiphoid pericardiotomy) kubvumira iyo hutachiona hutachiona kuti ipinde mudumbu. Izvi zvinoitwa nachiremba anovhiya.

Kuvhiya kunodaidzwa kuti pericardiectomy kunogona kudikanwa kana iyo pericarditis inogara-kwenguva refu, inodzoka mushure mekurapwa, kana inokonzeresa kukuvara kana kusimbisa kwenyama yakapoteredza moyo. Iko kuvhiya kunosanganisira kucheka kana kubvisa chikamu chepervicalium.

Pericarditis inogona kubva pakurwara kwakapora kunozoita zvirinani pachayo, kune inotyisa hupenyu. Fluid buildup yakatenderedza moyo uye isina kunaka moyo basa inogona kumanikidza kusagadzikana.

Mhedzisiro yacho yakanaka kana pericarditis inorapwa ipapo. Vanhu vazhinji vanopora mumasvondo maviri kusvika kumwedzi mitatu. Nekudaro, pericarditis inogona kudzoka. Izvi zvinonzi zvinowanzoitika, kana zvisingaperi, kana zviratidzo kana zvikamu zvikaenderera.

Kupenga uye kuomesa kwesaga-senge yekuvhara uye mhasuru yemwoyo inogona kuitika kana dambudziko ranyanya. Izvi zvinonzi zvinodzivirira pericarditis. Iyo inogona kukonzeresa-kwenguva yakareba matambudziko akafanana neaya emoyo kutadza.

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe uine zviratidzo zve pericarditis. Dambudziko iri harisi kutyisidzira hupenyu nguva zhinji. Zvisinei, inogona kuva nenjodzi kana ikasarapwa.

Zviitiko zvakawanda hazvigone kudzivirirwa.

• Pericardium
• Pericarditis

Chabrando JG, Bonaventura A, Vecchie A, et al. Manejimendi yeacute uye inowanzoitika pericarditis: JACC State-of-the-art Ongororo. J Ndiri Coll Cardiol. 2020; 75 (1): 76-92. PMID: 31918837 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31918837/.

Knowlton KU, Savoia MC, Oxman MN. Myocarditis uye pericarditis. Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Maitiro uye Maitiro Ezvirwere zvinotapukira. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 80.

LeWinter MM, Imazio M. Zvirwere zvepericardial. Mune: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Chirwere Chemwoyo cheBraunwald: A Chinyorwa cheCardiovascular Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chitsuwa 83.