Yemhuri hypercholesterolemia

Yemhuri hypercholesterolemia chirwere chinopfuura nemumhuri. Iyo inokonzeresa LDL (yakaipa) cholesterol mwero kuve wakanyanya kwazvo. Mamiriro acho anotanga pakuzvarwa uye anogona kukonzera kurwadza kwemoyo pazera diki.

Nyaya dzakabatana dzinosanganisira:

• Yemhuri yakasanganiswa hyperlipidemia
• Yemhuri hypertriglyceridemia
• Yemhuri dysbetalipoproteinemia

Yemhuri hypercholesterolemia chirwere chemagene. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nehurema pane chromosome 19.

Kuremara uku kunoita kuti muviri usakwanise kubvisa low density density lipoprotein (LDL, kana yakaipa) cholesterol kubva muropa. Izvi zvinokonzeresa padanho repamusoro reLDL muropa. Izvi zvinoita kuti iwe uwedzere kuve nekudzikira kwetsinga kubva ku atherosclerosis pazera diki. Mamiriro acho anowanzo pfuudzwa kuburikidza nemhuri nenzira ye autosomal yakanyanya. Izvi zvinoreva kuti iwe unongoda chete kuwana isina kujairika geni kubva kune mumwe mubereki kuti ugare nhaka chirwere.

Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, mwana anogona kutora nhaka kubva kuvabereki vese. Kana izvi zvikaitika, kuwanda kwecholesterol kunowedzera zvakanyanya. Ngozi yekurwiswa kwemoyo uye chirwere chemwoyo chakakwirira, kunyangwe muhucheche.

Mumakore ekutanga panogona kunge pasina zviratidzo.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika zvinosanganisira:

• Mafuta ane ganda anoiswa anonzi xanthomas pamusoro pezvikamu zvemaoko, magokora, mabvi, makumbo uye nekukomberedza konea yeziso
• Cholesterol inoisa mumaziso (xanthelasmas)
• Kurwadziwa pachifuva (angina) kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvecoronary arteri chirwere zvinogona kunge zviripo pazera diki
• Kukakama kweimwe kana mhuru mbiri kana uchifamba
• Maronda pazvigunwe zvisingarape
• Kungoerekana kurohwa-kunge zviratidzo sekutambudzika kutaura, kudonha kune rumwe rutivi rwechiso, kushaya simba kweruoko kana gumbo, uye kurasikirwa kwehuremu

Kuongorora kwemuviri kunogona kuratidza kukura kweganda rakakora kunonzi xanthomas uye macholesterol anowanikwa muziso (corneal arcus).

Anopa hutano anozobvunza mibvunzo nezve yako wega uye yemhuri nhoroondo yezvekurapa. Panogona kuve ne:

• Nhoroondo yakasimba yemhuri yemhuri hypercholesterolemia kana kutanga kwekurwadziwa kwemoyo
• Yakakwira mwero weLDL cholesterol mune chero kana ivo vaviri vabereki

Vanhu vanobva kumhuri vane nhoroondo yakasimba yekurwiswa kwemoyo kwekutanga vanofanirwa kuve nekuongororwa kweropa kunoitwa kuti vaone huwandu hwepidid.

Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuratidza:

• Yakakwira mwero wecholesterol yakazara
• Yakakwirira LDL nhanho
• Akajairwa triglyceride mazinga

Mimwe bvunzo inogona kuitwa inosanganisira:

• Ongororo yemasero anonzi fibroblast kuti aone kuti muviri unotora sei LDL cholesterol
• Genetic bvunzo yehurema hwakabatana nemamiriro aya

Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekuderedza njodzi yeatherosclerotic chirwere chemoyo. Vanhu vanowana imwe chete kopi yeakaremara gene kubva kuvabereki vavo vanogona kuita zvakanaka nekuchinja kwekudya uye statin zvinodhaka.

UPENYU HUCHINJA

Nhanho yekutanga kushandura zvaunodya. Kazhinji yenguva, mupi achakurudzira kuti iwe uedze izvi kwemwedzi yakati wandei usati wagadza mishonga. Kuchinja kwekudya kunosanganisira kudzikisa huwandu hwemafuta aunodya kuitira kuti ive isingasviki 30% yemakoriori ako ese. Kana iwe uri kufuta, kurasikirwa uremu kunobatsira zvikuru.

Hedzino dzimwe nzira dzekucheka mafuta akaguta kunze kwekudya kwako:

• Idya nyama yemombe shoma, huku, nyama yenguruve, uye gwayana
• Tsiva izere nemafuta zvigadzirwa zvemukaka nezvakaderera-mafuta zvigadzirwa
• Bvisa mafuta ekuchinja

Unogona kudzikisa huwandu hwecholesterol yaunodya nekubvisa mazai emazai nenyama yemuviri yakaita sechiropa.

Zvinogona kubatsira kutaura kune nyanzvi yezvokudya iyo inogona kukupa mazano pamusoro pekuchinja mararamiro ako. Kurera huremu uye kugara uchirovedza muviri kunogona kubatsira kudzikisa cholesterol yako.

MISHONGA

Kana shanduko yemararamiro ikasachinja cholesterol yako, mupi wako anogona kukurudzira kuti utore mishonga. Kune akatiwandei emishonga inowanika kubatsira kudzikisa ropa remuropa cholesterol, uye anoshanda nenzira dzakasiyana. Vamwe vari nani pakudzikisa LDL cholesterol, vamwe vakanaka pakudzikisa triglycerides, nepo vamwe vachibatsira kusimudza HDL cholesterol. Vanhu vazhinji vachange vari pamishonga yakati wandei.

Statin zvinodhaka zvinowanzo shandiswa uye zvinoshanda kwazvo. Iyi mishonga inobatsira kudzikisa njodzi yako yekurwadziwa kwemoyo uye sitiroko.

Zvinosanganisira:

• Lovastatin (Mevacor)
• Pravastatin (Pravachol)
• Simvastatin (Zocor)
• Fluvastatin (Lescol)
• Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
• Pitivastatin (Livalo)
• Rosuvastatin (Crestor)

Mimwe mishonga inoderedza cholesterol inosanganisira:

• Bhaidhi acid-inotsvaga resini.
• Ezetimibe.
• Fibrate (senge gemfibrozil kana fenofibrate).
• Nicotinic asidhi.
• PCSK9 inhibitors, senge alirocumab (Yakakosha) uye evolocumab (Repatha). Izvi zvinomiririra kirasi nyowani yemishonga yekurapa yakakwira cholesterol.

Vanhu vane fomu yakaoma yechirwere vangangoda kurapwa kunonzi apheresis. Ropa kana plasma inobviswa mumuviri. Mafirita akasarudzika anobvisa iyo yakawedzera LDL cholesterol, uye iro ropa reropa rinobva radzoserwa mumuviri.

Unyatsoita sei zvinoenderana nekuti unotevera zvakadii zano rerapi remupi wako. Kuita shanduko yekudya, kurovedza muviri, uye kutora mishonga yako nenzira kwayo kunogona kudzikisa cholesterol mwero. Shanduko idzi dzinogona kubatsira kunonoka kurwisa kwemoyo, kunyanya kune vanhu vane fomu yakaoma yechirwere.

Varume nevakadzi vane mhuri hypercholesterolemia kazhinji vari panjodzi yekuwedzera yekurwiswa kwemoyo kwekutanga.

Njodzi yekufa inosiyana pakati pevanhu vane mhuri hypercholesterolemia. Kana iwe ukagara nhaka makopi maviri eiyo isina kukwana jini, iwe unove nehurombo mhedzisiro Rudzi irworwo rwemhuri hypercholesterolemia harupindure zvakanaka pakurapwa uye rinogona kukonzera kurwadza kwemoyo kwekutanga.

Zvinetso zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kurwara kwemoyo pazera diki
• Chirwere chemoyo
• Kurohwa
• Peripheral vascular chirwere

Tsvaga kurapwa panguva iyoyo kana uine kurwadziwa pachipfuva kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvekurumwa nemoyo.

Fonera mupi wako kana iwe uine yako pachako kana yemhuri nhoroondo yeakakwira cholesterol mwero.

Kudya kwakaderera mucholesterol uye mafuta akazara uye akapfuma mumafuta asina kuguta kunogona kubatsira kudzora mwero wako weLDL.

Vanhu vane nhoroondo yemhuri yeichi chiitiko, kunyanya kana ivo vaviri vabereki vakatakura geni rakaremara, vangangoda kutsvaga kwehungwaru.

Rudzi rwechipiri hyperlipoproteinemia; Hypercholesterolemic xanthomatosis; Yakaderera density lipoprotein receptor mutation

• Cholesterol - chii chekubvunza chiremba wako

• Xanthoma - pedyo-kumusoro
• Xanthoma pamabvi
• Coronary tsinga kuvharika

Genest J, Libby P. Lipoprotein kusagadzikana uye chirwere chemoyo. Mune: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Chirwere Chemwoyo cheBraunwald: A Chinyorwa cheCardiovascular Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chitsuwa 48.

Robinson JG. Kushushikana kwe lipid metabolism. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 195.