Gomarara repazamu kuongorora

Kenza yemazamu kuongororwa kunogona kubatsira kuwana gomarara repazamu usati watanga kuona chero zviratidzo. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kuwana kenza yemazamu kare zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kurapa kana kupora. Asi kuongororwa kunewo njodzi, dzakadai sekushaya zviratidzo zvegomarara. Nguva yekutangisa kuongororwa kunoenderana nezera rako uye njodzi zvinhu.

Iyo mammogram ndiyo yakajairika mhando yekuongorora. Iyo x-ray yezamu uchishandisa muchina wakasarudzika. Bvunzo iyi inoitwa muchipatara kana kukiriniki uye inongotora maminetsi mashoma. Mamammograms anogona kuwana mamota ayo madiki kwazvo kuti anzwe.

Mammography inoitwa kuongorora vakadzi kuti vaone gomarara repazamu rekutanga kana riine mukana wekurapwa. Mammography inowanzokurudzirwa ku:

• Vakadzi vanotanga pamakore makumi mana, vachidzokorora ese 1 kusvika 2 makore. (Izvi hazvikurudzirwe nemasangano ese ehunyanzvi.)
• Vakadzi vese vanotanga pamakore makumi mashanu, vachidzokororwa yega 1 kusvika 2 makore.
• Vakadzi vane amai kana hanzvadzi vane kenza yemazamu pazera diki vanofanira kufunga mammograms egore. Vanofanira kutanga kutanga pane zera rakawanikwa nhengo yavo yemhuri yekupedzisira.

Mamammograms anoshanda zvakanyanya pakutsvaga kenza yemazamu muvakadzi vane makore makumi mashanu kusvika pamakore makumi manomwe nemanomwe. Kune vakadzi vane makore ari pasi pemakumi mashanu, kuongororwa kunogona kubatsira, asi kunogona kupotsa mamwe kanzira. Izvi zvinogona kuve nekuti vakadzi vadiki vane denser mazamu tishu, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuona cancer. Hazvizivikanwe kuti mamammograms anoshanda zvakadii mukuwana cancer mukati mevakadzi vane makore makumi manomwe nemashanu zvichikwira.

Uku bvunzo kunzwa mazamu nepasi pemapapu emapundu kana shanduko isina kujairika. Wako wekuchengeta hutano anogona kuita kiriniki yemazamu bvunzo (CBE). Iwe unogona zvakare kutarisa mazamu ako wega. Izvi zvinonzi chipfuva kuzviongorora (BSE). Kuita wega-bvunzo kunogona kubatsira iwe kuti uwedzere kuziva mazamu ako. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti zvive nyore kuona zvisina kujairika zamu shanduko.

Ramba uchifunga kuti bvunzo dzechipfuva hadzi deredze njodzi yekufa nekenza yemazamu. Izvo zvakare hazvishande pamwe nema mammograms ekuwana cancer. Neichi chikonzero, iwe haufanire kuvimba chete pamazamu bvunzo kuti uongorore gomarara.

Havazi vese nyanzvi dzinobvumirana nezvekuti riitwe riini kana kutanga kuve nemamu bvunzo. Muchokwadi, mamwe mapoka haavakurudzire zvachose. Nekudaro, izvi hazvireve kuti haufanire kuita kana kuita bvunzo dzechipfuva. Vamwe vakadzi vanosarudza kuita bvunzo.

Taura nemupi wako nezve mabhenefiti uye njodzi dzebvunzo dzemazamu uye kana zvakakunakira iwe.

MRI inoshandisa magineti ane simba uye masaisai eredhiyo kuwana zviratidzo zvegomarara. Uku kuongorora kunoitwa chete mumadzimai ane njodzi huru yegomarara repazamu.

Vakadzi vari panjodzi yakanyanya yekenza yemazamu (yakakura kupfuura makumi maviri kubva muzana kusvika makumi maviri muzana pangozi yeupenyu) vanofanirwa kuve neMRI pamwe neyemammogram gore rega rega. Unogona kuve nenjodzi huru kana uine:

• Nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yemazamu, kazhinji kana amai kana hanzvadzi yako vaine kenza yemazamu vachiri vadiki
• Njodzi yeupenyu hwese yekenza yemazamu ndeye 20% kusvika 25% kana yakakwira
• Dzimwe shanduko dze BRCA, kunyangwe iwe uine ino mamaki kana yekutanga degree hama uye uye hauna kuyedzwa
• Chekutanga degree hama dzine mamwe mageneti syndromes (Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden uye Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndromes)

Hazvisi pachena kuti maMRIs anoshanda zvakadii kuwana kenza yemazamu. Kunyangwe maMRIs achiwana kenza yemazamu yakawanda kupfuura mammograms, zvakare vanogona kuratidza zviratidzo zvegomarara kana pasina kenza. Izvi zvinonzi mhedzisiro-yechokwadi mhedzisiro. Kune vakadzi vane kenza mune rimwe zamu, MRIs inogona kubatsira zvakanyanya pakuwana mamota akavanda mune rimwe zamu. Iwe unofanirwa kuita kuongorora kweMRI kana iwe:

• Vari panjodzi yakanyanya yekenza yemazamu (avo vane nhoroondo yakasimba yemhuri kana magene emakenza ekenza yemazamu)
• Iva neyakafuta kwazvo mazamu tishu

Rini uye kangani kuve nemazamu ekuyedza bvunzo sarudzo yaunofanira kuita. Vakasiyana nyanzvi mapoka havasi kubvumirana zvizere pane yakanakisa nguva yekutarisa.

Usati waita mammogram, taura nemupi wako nezvezvakanaka nezvayakaipira. Bvunza nezve:

• Ngozi yako yekenza yemazamu.
• Kunyangwe kuongorora kunodzora mukana wako wekufa nekenza yemazamu.
• Kunyangwe paine chero kukuvara kubva pakuongorora gomarara repazamu, senge mhedzisiro kubva mukuyedzwa kana kuwandisa kwecancer kana yawanikwa.

Ngozi dzekuongorora dzinogona kusanganisira:

• Mhedzisiro-yakanaka mhedzisiro. Izvi zvinoitika kana bvunzo inoratidza cancer kana pasina. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira mukuva nemimwe bvunzo inewo njodzi. Inogonawo kukonzera kufunganya. Iwe unogona kuve unowanzo kuve nemhedzisiro-yakanaka mhedzisiro kana iwe uri mudiki, uine nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yemazamu, wakambove nemazamu biopsies munguva yakapfuura, kana kutora mahormone.
• Mhedzisiro-isina mhedzisiro. Aya ndiwo maedzo anodzoka akajairika kunyangwe paine gomarara. Vakadzi vane mhedzisiro-nhema mhedzisiro havazive kuti vane kenza yemazamu uye kunonoka kurapwa.
• Kujekesa kune radiation chinhu chinokonzera njodzi yekenza yemazamu. Mamammograms anofumura mazamu ako kune radiation.
• Kuwedzeredza. Mamammograms uye MRIs vanogona kuwana cancer inononoka kukura. Aya ndiwo magomarara anogona kutapudza hupenyu hwako. Panguva ino, hazvigoneke kuziva kuti ndedzipi gomarara dzichakura nekupararira, saka kana gomarara rikawanikwa rinowanzorapwa. Kurapa kunogona kukonzera zvakakomba mhedzisiro.

Mammogram - kuongorora kenza yemazamu; Bvunzo bvunzo - kenza yemazamu yekuongorora; MRI - kenza yemazamu kuongorora

Henry NL, Shah PD, Haider I, Freer PE, Jagsi R, Sabel MS. Kenza yezamu. Mune: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 88.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Kenza yemazamu yekuongorora (PDQ) - hutano nyanzvi vhezheni. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/breast-screening-pdq. Yakagadziridzwa Nyamavhuvhu 27, 2020. Yakasvika Gumiguru 24, 2020.

Siu AL; US Inodzivirira Services Task Force. Kuongorora kenza yemazamu: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force kukurudzira chirevo. Ann Mukati Med. 2016; 164 (4): 279-296. PMID: 26757170 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26757170/.

• Kenza Yezamu
• Mammography