Kunzwisisa cancer cancer

Kuronga gomarara inzira yekutsanangura kuti gomarara rakawanda sei mumuviri wako uye kuti riri kupi mumuviri wako. Kugadzira matanho kunobatsira kuona kuti bundu rekutanga riripi, rakakura sei, kana rapararira, uye kwarinopararira.

Kurapa kenza kunogona kubatsira mupi wehutano:

• Sarudza kufungidzira kwako (mukana wekupora kana mukana kenza ichadzoka)
• Ronga kurapwa kwako
• Ziva makiriniki miedzo iwe yaunogona kujoina

Kutepfenyura zvakare kunopa vanopa mutauro wakajairika wekushandisa kutsanangura nekukurukura gomarara.

Gomarara ndiko kukura kusingadzoreki kwemasero asina kujairika mumuviri. Aya maseru anowanzo gadzira bundu. Bundu iri rinogona kukura kuita matukisi nenhengo dzakatenderedza. Sezvo gomarara richifambira mberi, maseru ekenza kubva bundu anogona kutsemuka nekupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri kuburikidza neropa kana lymph system. Kana kenza ikapararira, mamota anogona kuumbika mune dzimwe nhengo uye zvikamu zvemuviri. Kupararira kwegomarara kunonzi metastasis.

Cancer staging inoshandiswa kubatsira kutsanangura kufambira mberi kwekenza. Inowanzo tsanangurwa ne:

• Nzvimbo yeiyo yekutanga (yekutanga) bundu uye mhando yekenza maseru
• Kukura kwebundu rekutanga
• Kunyangwe kenza yapararira kune lymph node
• Nhamba yemamota kubva kukenza yakapararira
• Tumor grade (yakawanda sei maseru ekenza anotaridzika semasero akajairwa)

Kuongorora kenza yako, mupi wako anogona kuita bvunzo dzakasiyana, zvinoenderana nekenza iri mumuviri wako. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kufungidzira bvunzo, senge x-rays, CT scans, PET scans, kana MRIs
• Lab miedzo
• Biopsy

Iwe zvakare unogona kuvhiyiwa kuti ubvise kenza uye lymph node kana kuti uongorore kenza iri mumuviri wako uye utore sampu yeturu. Aya masampuli anoedzwa uye anogona kupa rumwe ruzivo rwakadzama nezve danho rekenza.

Iyo yakajairika sisitimu yekuratidzira kenza muchimiro chebundu rakasimba ndiyo TNM system. Vazhinji vanopa uye nzvimbo dzegomarara vanoshandisa iyo kuisa cancer yakawanda. Iyo TNM system inoenderana ne:

• Saizi yeiyo chikuru bundu (T)
• Yakawanda sei kenza yakapararira kunzvimbo iri pedyo lymph nodes (N)
• Metastasis (M), kana kana uye kuti kenza yakapararira sei kune dzimwe nzvimbo mumuviri

Nhamba dzinowedzerwa kuchikamu chimwe nechimwe chinotsanangura kukura kwethumba uye kuti rapararira zvakadii. Iyo yakakwira iyo nhamba, iyo yakakura saizi uye inowanzoita gomarara rapararira.

Primary Tumor (T):

• TX: Bundu harigone kuyerwa.
• T0: Bundu harigone kuwanikwa.
• Tis: Masero asina kujairika akawanikwa, asi haana kupararira. Iyi inonzi carcinoma in situ.
• T1, T2, T3, T4: Ratidza kukura kwetumarara rekutanga uye kuti rapararira zvakadii munyama dzakakomberedza.

Lymph Nodes (N):

• NX: Lymph node haigone kuongororwa
• N0: Hapana gomarara rinowanikwa munzvimbo dziri pedyo
• N1, N2, N3: Nhamba uye nzvimbo yema lymph node inosanganisirwa uko kenza yapararira

Metastasis (M):

• MX: Metastasis haigone kuongororwa
• M0: Hapana metastasis yakawanikwa (kenza haina kupararira)
• M1: Metastasis inowanikwa (kenza yakapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri)

Semuenzaniso, gomarara redundira T3 N0 M0 zvinoreva kuti pane bundu hombe (T3) risina kupararira kuma lymph node (N0) kana chero kumwe kunhu mumuviri (M0).

Dzimwe nguva mamwe mavara uye zvidimbu zvidiki zvinoshandiswa kuwedzera kune aya ari pamusoro.

Chikamu chebundu, senge G1-G4 inogona zvakare kushandiswa pamwe nekutora. Izvi zvinotsanangura kuti maseru emukenza anotaridzika sei semasero akajairika pasi pe microscope. Nhamba dzakakwirira dzinoratidza masero asina kujairika. Kashoma kenza painoratidzika semasero akajairwa, inokurumidza kukura nekupararira.

Haasi ese cancer anoratidzirwa achishandisa iyo TNM system. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mimwe kanzira, kunyanya gomarara reropa nemapfupa akaita seleukemia, haigadzire mamota kana kupararira nenzira imwecheteyo. Saka mamwe masisitimu anoshandiswa kuisa aya kanzura.

Chikamu chinopihwa kenza yako zvichibva pamatanho eTNM nezvimwe zvinhu. Cancers dzakasiyana dzinoiswa zvakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, danho III gomarara rekoloni haina kufanana nedanho III gomarara redundira. Muzhinji, danho repamusoro rinoreva kenza yakawedzera.

• Stage 0: Masero asina kujairika aripo, asi haana kupararira
• Chikamu I, II, III: Tarisa kune saizi yemota uye kuti yakawanda sei kenza yakapararira kune lymph node
• Stage IV: Hosha dzakapararira kune dzimwe nhengo uye nyama

Kana kenza yako yangopihwa danho, haina kuchinja, kunyangwe gomarara rikadzoka. Kenza inorongwa zvichibva pane zvinowanikwa kana zvikaonekwa.

American Joint Dare reCancer webhusaiti. Cancer yekuratidzira system. cancerstaging.org/references-tools/Pages/What-is-Cancer-Staging.aspx. Yakasvika munaNovember 3, 2020.

Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Neoplasia. Mune: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, eds. Robbins Basic Pathology. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Cancer staging. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/staging. Yakagadziridzwa Kurume 9, 2015. Yakasvika munaNovember 3, 2020.

• Gomarara