Cancer kurapwa

Kana uine kenza, chiremba wako anokurudzira imwe kana nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa chirwere ichi. Mishonga yakajairika kuvhiya, chemotherapy, uye radiation. Dzimwe sarudzo dzinosanganisira kurapwa kwakanangwa, immunotherapy, laser, hormonal therapy, uye zvimwe. Heano mhedziso yemarapirwo akasiyana ekenza uye mashandiro avo.

Kuvhiya

Kuvhiya kurapwa kwakajairika kune akawanda marudzi ekenza. Munguva yekuvhiya, chiremba anovhiya anoburitsa huwandu hwemasero ane gomarara (bundu) uye zvimwe zvezvinyama zviri padyo. Dzimwe nguva, kuvhiyiwa kunoitwa kusunungura mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nebundu.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy zvinoreva mishonga inoshandiswa kuuraya cancer maseru. Iyo mishonga inogona kupihwa nemuromo kana muropa reropa (IV). Mhando dzakasiyana dzemishonga dzinogona kupihwa pamwechete panguva imwe kana imwe mushure meimwe.

Radiation

Radiation therapy inoshandisa x-ray, zvidimbu, kana mbeu ine radioactive kuuraya cancer maseru. Cancer maseru anokura uye anopatsanuka nekukurumidza kupfuura zvakajairwa maseru mumuviri. Nekuti radiation inonyanyisa kukuvadza kumasero anokurumidza kukura, kurapwa nemwaranzi kunokanganisa maseru ekenza kupfuura masero akajairwa. Izvi zvinodzivirira maseru egomarara kubva mukukura nekukamurana, uye zvinotungamira mukufa kwesero.

Iwo maviri makuru marudzi e radiation radiation ndeaya:

• Danda rekunze. Iyi ndiyo fomu yakajairika. Inovavarira x-ray kana zvidimbu pabundu kubva kunze kwemuviri.
• Danda remukati. Iyi fomu inonunura radiation mukati memuviri wako. Inogona kupihwa nembeu inonzi radioactive inoiswa mukati kana padyo nebundu; mvura kana piritsi raunomedza; kana kuburikidza nemutsinga (intravenous, kana IV).

Targeted Therapies

Kurapa kwakanangwa kunoshandisa zvinodhaka kumisa kenza kubva mukukura nekupararira. Inoita izvi nekukuvara kushoma kune zvakajairika maseru kupfuura mamwe marapirwo.

Standard chemotherapy inoshanda nekuuraya cancer maseru uye mamwe akajairwa maseru. Zvinotarisirwa kurapwa zeroes mukati mezvimwe zvinangwa (mamorekuru) mumasero ekenza. Izvi zvinangwa zvinoita sekuti maseru ekenza anokura nekurarama. Uchishandisa izvi zvinangwa, mushonga unoremadza maseru ekenza kuitira kuti atadze kupararira.

Targeted therapy mishonga inoshanda nenzira shoma dzakasiyana. Ivo vanogona:

• Bvisa maitiro mumasero ekenza anoita kuti akure uye apararire
• Chinokonzera cancer maseru kufa ega
• Uraya cancer cancer

Mishonga yekurapa inopihwa sepiritsi kana IV.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy imhando yekurapa gomarara inovimba nemuviri kugona kurwisa hutachiona (immune system). Inoshandisa zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemuviri kana murabhu kubatsira immune system kushanda zvakanyanya kana nenzira yakanangwa kurwisa gomarara. Izvi zvinobatsira muviri wako kubvisa cancer maseru.

Immunotherapy inoshanda na:

• Kumisa kana kunonotsa kukura kwemasero ekenza
• Kudzivirira kenza kubva pakupararira ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri
• Kukurudzira immune system kugona kubvisa cancer maseru

Iyi mishonga yakagadzirirwa kutsvaga uye kurwisa zvimwe zvikamu zvecancer cell. Vamwe vane chepfu kana radioactive zvinhu zvakasungirirwa pavari. Immunotherapy inopihwa neIV.

Hormonal Therapy

Hormone therapy inoshandiswa kurapa kanzira dzinokonzerwa nemahomoni, senge zamu, prostate, uye ovarian cancer. Inoshandisa kuvhiya, kana zvinodhaka kumisa kana kuvhara mahormone echisimba emuviri. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzora kukura kwemasero ekenza. Kuvhiya kunosanganisira kubvisa nhengo dzinogadzira mahormone: maovari kana testes. Iyo mishonga inopihwa jekiseni kana semapiritsi.

Hyperthermia

Hyperthermia inoshandisa kupisa kukuvadza uye kuuraya maseru ekenza pasina kukuvadza maseru akajairwa.

Inogona kushandiswa ku:

• Nharaunda diki yemasero, senge bundu
• Zvikamu zvemuviri, senge nhengo kana nhengo
• Muviri wese

Iko kupisa kunonunurwa kubva kumuchina kunze kwemuviri kana kuburikidza nesero kana probe yakaiswa mune bundu.

Laser Therapy

Laser kurapa inoshandisa yakatetepa, yakatarisa danda rechiedza kuparadza gomarara maseru. Laser therapy inogona kushandiswa ku:

• Kuparadza mamota uye kukura kwepamberi
• Shrink mamota ari kuvharira dumbu, colon, kana esophagus
• Batsira kubata zviratidzo zvekenza, sekubuda ropa
• Chisimbiso chetsinga kupera mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuti kuderedze kurwadziwa
• Isa chisimbiso pamidziyo yemakemikari mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuti uderedze kuzvimba uye chengetedza maseru emarara kubva pakupararira

Laser kurapwa inowanzo kupihwa kuburikidza netetetete, yakavhenekerwa chubhu inoiswa mukati memuviri. Tambo dzakatetepa panoperera chubhu dzinonongedza mwenje kumasero ekenza. Lasers inoshandiswa zvakare paganda.

Lasers inowanzo shandiswa nemamwe marudzi ekenza kurapwa senge radiation uye chemotherapy.

Photodynamic Therapy

Mukurapa kwemasimba masimba, munhu anowana pfuti yemushonga uyo unonzwisisa kune yakasarudzika mhando yechiedza. Mushonga unogara mumasero egomarara kwenguva yakareba kupfuura unogara mumasero ane hutano. Ipapo, chiremba anotungamira mwenje kubva kune laser kana imwe sosi kumaseru ekenza. Chiedza chinoshandura mushonga kuita chinhu chinouraya cancer maseru.

Cryotherapy

Iyo zvakare inonzi cryosurgery, iyi kurapa inoshandisa inotonhorera gasi kutonhora uye kuuraya cancer maseru. Iyo dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa kurapa maseru anogona kushanduka kuita cancer (inonzi pre-cancerous maseru) paganda kana chibereko, semuenzaniso. Vanachiremba vanogona zvakare kushandisa chakakosha chishandiso kuendesa cryotherapy kune mamota mukati memuviri, senge chiropa kana prostate.

American Cancer Society webhusaiti. Kurapa uye mhedzisiro. www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects.html. Yakasvika munaNovember 11, 2019.

Doroshow JH. Kusvika kumurwere ane cancer. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 169.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Mhando dzekenza kurapwa. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types. Yakasvika munaNovember 11, 2019.

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