Kutarisa-kumanikidza kusagadzikana

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) chirwere chepfungwa umo vanhu vane pfungwa dzisingadiwe uye dzakadzokororwa, manzwiro, mazano, manzwiro (obsessions), uye maitiro anovaendesa kuita chimwe chinhu kakawanda (kumanikidza).

Kazhinji munhu anoita hunhu kuti abvise pfungwa dzinokatyamadza. Asi izvi zvinongopa kubatsirwa kwenguva pfupi. Kusaita tsika dzinokatyamadza kunogona kukonzera kushushikana kukuru nekushushikana.

Vatapi vehutano havazive chaicho chikonzero cheOCD. Zviitiko zvinogona kutamba chinosanganisira kukuvara kwemusoro, kutapukirwa, uye kuita zvisina kujairika mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehuropi. Mageneti (nhoroondo yemhuri) inoita kunge inoita basa rakasimba. Nhoroondo yekushungurudzwa panyama kana pabonde zvakare inoita sekuwedzera njodzi kune OCD.

Vabereki nevadzidzisi vanowanzoziva zviratidzo zveOCD muvana. Vazhinji vanhu vanoonekwa vaine makore 19 kana makumi maviri, asi vamwe havaratidze zviratidzo kusvika zera makumi matatu.

Vanhu vane OCD vakadzokorora pfungwa, zvinokurudzira, kana mifananidzo yepfungwa inokonzeresa kushushikana. Izvi zvinonzi obsessions.

Mienzaniso ndeiyi:

• Kunyanya kutya utachiona
• Dzakarambidzwa pfungwa dzakabatana pabonde, chinamato, kana kukuvadza kune vamwe kana pachako
• Inoda kurongeka

Ivo zvakare vanoita zvakapetwa maitiro mukupindura kune kwavo kufunga kana obsessions. Mienzaniso inosanganisira:

• Kuongorora nekutarisa zviito (sekudzima mwenje nekuvhara musuwo)
• Kunyanyisa kuverenga
• Kuhodha zvinhu neimwe nzira
• Kakawanda kugeza maoko kudzivirira hutachiona
• Kudzokorora mazwi chinyararire
• Kunamata chinyararire kasingaperi

Haasi munhu wese ane tsika kana tsika dzavanoda kuita ane OCD. Asi, munhu ane OCD:

• Haikwanise kudzora mifungo yavo kana maitiro, kunyangwe pavanonzwisisa kuti vakawandisa.
• Anoshandisa kanenge awa pazuva pazuva pane idzi pfungwa kana maitiro.
• Hazviwani mufaro kubva mukuita hunhu kana tsika, kunze kwekunge pamwe kapfupi kurerukirwa kwekushushikana.
• Ane matambudziko makuru muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva nekuda kweiyi mifungo uye tsika.

Vanhu vane OCD vanogonawo kuva nehutachiona, zvakadai se:

• Ziso kubwaira
• Chiso grimacing
• Kubata bendekete
• Musoro unokwenya
• Kudzokorora kudzora huro, kunhuwa, kana kugunun'una kurira

Iko kuongororwa kunoitwa kunoenderana nekubvunzurudzwa kwemunhu uye nhengo dzemhuri. Kuongorora kwepanyama kunogona kutonga zvikonzero zvepanyama. Kuongororwa kwehutano hwepfungwa kunogona kutonga kumwe kusagadzikana kwepfungwa.

Mibvunzo yemibvunzo inogona kubatsira kuongorora OCD uye kuongorora kufambira mberi kwekurapa.

OCD inorapwa uchishandisa musanganiswa wemishonga uye maitiro ekurapa.

Mishonga inoshandiswa inosanganisira antidepressants, antipsychotic, uye mood stabilizers.

Kutaura kurapa (kugona kuzvibata maitiro ekurapa; CBT) yakaratidzirwa kuve inoshanda kune ino hosha. Munguva yekurapa, munhu wacho anowoneswa kakawanda kumamiriro ezvinhu anokonzeresa pfungwa dzakawandisa uye anodzidza kuregerera kushushikana zvishoma nezvishoma uye kuramba kuda kwekumanikidza. Therapy inogona zvakare kushandiswa kudzikisira kushushikana uye kushushikana uye kugadzirisa kunetsana kwemukati.

Iwe unogona kudzikamisa kushushikana kwekuve neOCD nekubatana neboka rekutsigira. Kugovana nevamwe vane zvakajairika zviitiko uye matambudziko zvinogona kukubatsira kuti usazonzwa kusurukirwa.

Mapoka ekutsigira kazhinji haamiriri akanaka kurapa kwekutaura kana kutora mushonga, asi anogona kuve anobatsira kuwedzera.

• International OCD Foundation - iocdf.org/ocd-finding-help/supportgroups/
• National Institute yeMental Health - www.nimh.nih.gov/health/find-help/index.shtml

OCD chirwere chenguva refu (chisingaperi) chine nguva yezviratidzo zvakakomba zvichiteverwa nenguva dzekuvandudza. Nguva isina zvachose zviratidzo haina kujairika. Vanhu vazhinji vanovandudza nekurapwa.

Yenguva refu-matambudziko eOCD ane chekuita nerudzi rwekunetseka kana kumanikidzwa. Semuenzaniso, kugara uchishambidza maoko kunogona kukonzera kuparara kweganda. OCD haiwanzo kufambira mberi kupinda mune rimwe dambudziko repfungwa.

Sheedza musangano pamwe nemupi wako kana zviratidzo zvako zvichikanganisa hupenyu hwezuva nezuva, basa, kana hukama.

Kucherekedza-kumanikidza neurosis; OCD

• Kutarisa-kumanikidza kusagadzikana

American Psychiatric Association. Kucherekedza-kumanikidza uye hukama hwakanangana. Mune: American Psychiatric Association, rakanyorwa. Kuongorora uye Statistical Manual yeMental Dambudziko. 5 ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013: 235-264.

Lyness JM. Matambudziko epfungwa mune zvekurapa. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 369.

Stewart SE, Lafleur D, Dougherty DD, Wilhelm S, Keuthen NJ, Jenike MA. Kucherekedza-kumanikidza kusagadzikana uye obsessive-kumanikidza uye hukama hwakanangana. Mune: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, eds. Massachusetts General Hospital Yakakwana Clinical Psychiatry. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits. 33.