Doro rinoshandisa kusagadzikana

Doro rekushandisa kusagadzikana ndipo apo kunwa kwako kuchikonzera matambudziko akakomba muhupenyu hwako, asi iwe uchiramba uchinwa. Iwe unogona zvakare kuda yakawanda uye yakawanda doro kuti unzwe wakadhakwa. Kumira kamwe kamwe kunogona kukonzera kubvisa zviratidzo.

Hapana anoziva chii chinokonzera matambudziko nedoro. Nyanzvi dzehutano dzinofunga kuti zvinogona kuve musanganiswa wemunhu:

• Majini
• Zvakatipoteredza
• Psychology, senge yekumhanyisa kana kuve wakaderera kuzviremekedza

Ngozi dzenguva refu dzokunwa doro rakawandisa dzinogona kuitika kana:

• Iwe uri murume ane zvinopfuura zvinwiwa zviviri pazuva, kana gumi nemashanu kana kupfuura zvinwiwa pasvondo, kana kazhinji uine zvinwiwa zvishanu kana kupfuura panguva.
• Iwe uri mukadzi ane zvinopfuura zvinwiwa kamwe pazuva, kana zvisere kana zvinopfuura zvinwiwa pasvondo, kana kazhinji uine zvinwiwa zvina kana kupfuura panguva.

Chinwiwa chimwe chinotsanangurwa se12 maiza kana 360 mamirilita (mL) yedoro (5% doro yezvinwiwa), mashanu maiza kana 150 mL yewaini (12% doro), kana 1.5-ounce kana 45-mL pfuti yedoro (80 humbowo, kana 40% yezvinhu zvine doro.

Kana iwe uine mubereki ane doro rekushandisa kusagadzikana, uri panyatwa yedambudziko rezvinwiwa.

Iwe zvakare unogona kuve unowanzo kuve nematambudziko nedoro kana iwe:

• Uri wechidiki akura ari kudzvinyirirwa nevezera
• Iva nekushushikana, bipolar kusagadzikana, kusagadzikana kwekushushikana, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), kana schizophrenia
• Inogona kuwana nyore doro
• Iva nekuzvitarisira pasi
• Iva nematambudziko nehukama
• Rarama hupenyu hunonetsa

Kana iwe uine hanya nekunwa kwako, zvinogona kubatsira kunyatso tarisa pamashandisiro ako edoro.

Vatapi vehutano vakagadzira rondedzero yezviratidzo izvo munhu anofanirwa kuve nazvo mugore rapfuura kuti aonekwe aine doro rekushandisa kusagadzikana.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Nguva dzaunonwa zvakanyanya kana kupfuura kana zvawanga waronga.
• Aida, kana kuyedza, kudzika kana kurega kunwa, asi akatadza.
• Shandisa nguva yakawanda nesimba kuti uwane doro, kurishandisa, kana kupora kubva pamhedzisiro yaro.
• Kuda doro kana kuva nechido chakasimba chekurishandisa.
• Kunwa doro kuri kukukonzera kuti usiye basa kana chikoro, kana usingaite futi nekuda kwekunwa.
• Ramba uchinwa, kunyangwe kana hukama nehama neshamwari hukakuvadzwa.
• Regedza kutora chikamu mune zviitiko zvawaimbofarira.
• Paunenge uchinge wamwa kana wapedza kunwa, unopinda mumamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukuvadza, sekutyaira, kushandisa michina, kana kuita bonde risina njodzi.
• Ramba uchinwa, kunyangwe iwe uchiziva kuti iri kuita dambudziko rehutano rinokonzerwa nedoro zvakanyanya.
• Unoda doro rakawandisa kuti unzwe zvahunokanganisa kana kudhakwa.
• Iwe unowana zviratidzo zvekusiya kana madoro edoro akapera.

Wako mupi acha:

• Kuongorora iwe
• Bvunza nezve yako nhoroondo yekurapa uye yemhuri
• Bvunza nezve kushandisa kwako doro, uye kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvakanyorwa pamusoro

Wako mupi anogona kuraira bvunzo kuti aongorore matambudziko ehutano ayo akajairika mune vanhu vanonwa doro. Iyi bvunzo inogona kusanganisira:

• Chikamu cheropa reropa (Izvi zvinoratidza kana uchangobva kunwa doro. Izvo hazviongorore dambudziko rekushandisa doro.)
• Yakazara kuverenga ropa
• Chiropa basa bvunzo
• Magnesium yeropa bvunzo

Vanhu vazhinji vane dambudziko redoro vanofanirwa kurega zvachose kushandisa doro. Izvi zvinonzi kusarega. Kuve nerunyararo rwemagariro uye rwemhuri rutsigiro kunogona kubatsira kuti zvive nyore kurega kunwa.

Vamwe vanhu vanokwanisa kungochekerera pakunwa kwavo. Saka kunyangwe ukasarega zvachose doro, unogona kukwanisa kunwa zvishoma. Izvi zvinogona kuvandudza hutano hwako uye hukama nevamwe. Inogona zvakare kukubatsira iwe kuita zvirinani kubasa kana kuchikoro.

Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji vanonwa zvakanyanya vanoona kuti havagone kungochekerera. Kurega kungave ndiyo chete nzira yekugadzirisa chinetso chekunwa.

KUFUNGA KUSIYA

Kufanana nevanhu vazhinji vane dambudziko redoro, unogona kusaziva kuti kunwa kwako kwabuda musimba rako. Nhanho yekutanga inokosha kuziva kuti unonwa zvakadii. Izvo zvinobatsirawo kunzwisisa njodzi dzehutano nedoro.

Kana iwe ukafunga kurega kunwa, taura nemupi wako. Kurapa kunosanganisira kukubatsira iwe kuti uone kuti kushandisa kwako doro zvakanyanya kuri kukanganisa hupenyu hwako neupenyu hwevakakutenderedza.

Zvichienderana nekuti wanga uchinwa zvakadii uye kwenguva yakareba sei, unogona kuve panjodzi yekubvisa doro. Kurega kunogona kusagadzikana uye kunyange kutyisidzira hupenyu. Kana iwe wanga uchinwa zvakanyanya, unofanirwa kudzora kana kurega kunwa chete pasi pekutarisirwa kwemupi. Taura nemupi wako nezve nzira yekurega kushandisa doro.

KUTSIGIRA KWENGUVA refu

Kunwa doro kana zvirongwa zvekutsigira zvinogona kukubatsira kuti urege kunwa zvachose. Aya mapurogiramu anowanzo kupa:

• Dzidzo nezve kushandisa doro uye zvainoita
• Counselling uye kurapwa kukurukura maitiro ekudzora ako mafungiro uye maitiro
• Kuchengetwa kwepanyama

Pamukana wakanakisa wekubudirira, unofanirwa kugara nevanhu vanotsigira kuedza kwako kudzivirira doro. Zvimwe zvirongwa zvinopa sarudzo dzepamba dzevanhu vane dambudziko redoro. Zvichienderana nezvido zvako uye zvirongwa zviripo:

• Iwe unogona kurapwa mune yakasarudzika yekudzosa nzvimbo (inpatient)
• Unogona kuenda kuchirongwa iwe uchigara pamba (kunze kwekurwara)

Unogona kupihwa mishonga pamwe nekupangwa mazano pamwe nehunhu hwekuzvibata kuti ikubatsire kurega. Izvi zvinonzi mishonga-inobatsira kurapwa (MAT). Nepo MAT isingashande kune wese munhu, iri imwe sarudzo yekurapa kusagadzikana.

• Acamprosate inobatsira kudzikisira zvishuwo uye kuvimba nedoro kune vanhu vachangomira kunwa.
• Disulfiram inofanira kushandiswa chete mushure mekurega kunwa. Zvinokonzeresa kuita kwakashata kana uchinwa, izvo zvinobatsira kudzivirira kubva kunwa.
• Naltrexone inovhara manzwiro anonakidza ekudhakwa, ayo anogona kukubatsira kudzora kana kurega kunwa.

Chinhu chisina kujairika kufunga kuti kutora mushonga kurapa kunwa doro kusagadzikana kutengesa kupindwa muropa neumwe. Nekudaro, iyi mishonga haina kupindwa muropa. Vanogona kubatsira vamwe vanhu kubata kusagadzikana, sevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga kana chirwere chemwoyo vanotora mushonga kuti varape mamiriro avo.

Kunwa kunogona kuvhara kushushikana kana kumwe kushushikana kana kusagadzikana kwekushushikana. Kana iwe uine kusagadzikana kwepfungwa, zvinogona kuonekera zvakanyanya paunorega kunwa. Wako mupi acharapa chero kusagadzikana kwepfungwa mukuwedzera kune kwako kunwa doro.

Mapoka ekutsigira anobatsira vanhu vazhinji vari kubata nedoro. Taura nemupi wako nezveboka rekutsigira iro rinogona kunge rakakukodzera.

Kuita zvakanaka kwemunhu kunoenderana nekuti vanogona kubudirira kudzora kana kurega kunwa.

Zvinogona kutora kuyedza kwakati wandei kurega kunwa zvachose. Kana iwe uchinetseka kurega, usarase tariro. Kuwana kurapwa, kana zvichidikanwa, pamwe nerutsigiro uye kurudziro kubva kumapoka ekutsigira uye neavo vakakukomberedza vanogona kukubatsira kuti urambe wakadzikama.

Doro rinoshandisa kusagadzikana rinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako kumatambudziko mazhinji ehutano, kusanganisira:

• Kubuda ropa munzvimbo yekugaya
• Bongo maseru kukuvara
• Dambudziko reuropi rinonzi Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
• Cancer yegurokuro, chiropa, colon, chipfuva, nedzimwe nzvimbo
• Kuchinja kumwedzi
• Delirium tremens (DTs)
• Dementia uye kurasikirwa ndangariro
• Kushungurudzika uye kuzviuraya
• Erectile kusagadzikana
• Kukuvara kwemoyo
• Kuwedzera kweropa
• Kuzvimba kwepancreas (pancreatitis)
• Chiropa chirwere, kusanganisira cirrhosis
• Tsinga uye kukuvara kwehuropi
• Chikafu chisina kunaka
• Matambudziko ekurara (kusarara)
• Zvirwere zvepabonde (STIs)

Kunwa doro kunowedzerawo njodzi yekuita mhirizhonga.

Kunwa doro paunenge uine pamuviri kunogona kutungamira mukuremara kwakakomba mumwana wako. Izvi zvinonzi fetal alcohol syndrome. Kunwa doro paunenge uchiyamwa kunogona kukonzera matambudziko kumwana wako.

Taura nemupi wako kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva angave aine dambudziko doro.

Tsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza kana kufonera yako yemuno emergency emergency (se911) kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva aine dambudziko redoro uye achikonzera kuvhiringidzika kwakanyanya, kufenda, kana kubuda ropa.

Sangano reNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism rinokurudzira kuti:

• Vakadzi havafanirwe kunwa zvinopfuura 1 chinwiwa pazuva
• Varume havafanirwe kunwa zvinopfuura zviviri zvinwiwa pazuva

Kunwa doro; Kunwa doro zvisina kufanira; Dambudziko kunwa; Dambudziko rekunwa; Doro kupindwa muropa; Kunwa doro - kushandisa doro; Kushandisa zvinhu - doro

• Cirrhosis - kubuda
• Pancreatitis - kubuda

• Chiropa cirrhosis - CT scan
• Chakakora chiropa - CT scan
• Chiropa chine zvisingaenzaniswi kukora - CT scan
• Kudhakwa
• Doro rinoshandisa kusagadzikana
• Doro uye chikafu
• Chiropa anatomy

American Psychiatric Association. Zvinetso zvine chekuita nezvechinhu uye kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka. Mu: American Psychiatric Association. Kuongorora uye Statistical Manual yeMental Dambudziko. 5 ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Kuburitsa. 2013: 481-590.

Nzvimbo dzekudzivirira nekudzivirira hosha; National Center yeChirwere Chirwere Kudzivirira nekusimudzira Hutano. CDC zviratidzo zvakakosha: kunwa doro uye kuraira. www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/kunwa doro-screening-counselling/. Yakagadziridzwa Ndira 31, 2020. Yakasvika muna Chikumi 18, 2020.

Reus VI, Fochtmann LJ, Bukstein O, et al. IAmerican Psychiatric Association inodzidzira nhungamiro yekurapwa kwemishonga yevarwere nedambudziko rekushandisa doro. Ndiri J Psychiatry. 2018; 175 (1): 86-90. PMID: 29301420 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29301420/.

Sherin K, Seikel S, Hale S. Doro rekushandisa kusagadzikana. Mune: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Chinyorwa cheMhuri Mishonga. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chitsiko 48.

US Preventive Services Task Force, Curry SJ, Krist AH, et al. Kuongorora pamwe nehunhu hwekupa mazano kupomhodza kudzikisira kushandiswa zvisina tsarukano kunwa doro muvachiri kuyaruka nevakuru: US Preventive Services Task Force kukurudzira chirevo. JAMA. 2018; 320 (18): 1899-1909. PMID: 30422199 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30422199/.

Witkiewitz K, Litten RZ, Leggio L. Kufambira mberi mune sainzi uye kurapwa kwedoro rekushandisa kusagadzikana. Sci Adv. 2019; 5 (9): eaax4043. Yakabudiswa 2019 Sep 25. PMID: 31579824 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31579824/.