Opiate uye opioid kubvisa

Opiates kana maopioid mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa kurwadziwa. Izwi rekuti narcotic rinoreva chero mhando yemushonga.

Kana iwe ukamira kana kucheka kumashure pamishonga iyi mushure mekushandisa kwakanyanya kwemavhiki mashoma kana kupfuura, unenge uine zviratidzo zvinoverengeka. Izvi zvinonzi kubvisa.

Muna 2018 muUnited States, vanhu vanosvika zviuru makumi masere nemakumi masere vakataura vachishandisa heroin mugore rapfuura. Mugore rimwe chete, vanhu vangangoita mamirioni gumi nemana mana vakashandisa zvinodzora marwadzo zvisina kunyorwa. Narcotic pain relievers inosanganisira:

• Codeine
• Heroin
• Hydrocodone (Vicodin)
• Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
• Methadone
• Meperidine (Demerol)
• Morphine
• Oxycodone (Percocet kana Oxycontin)

Iyi mishonga inogona kukonzera kutsamira panyama. Izvi zvinoreva kuti munhu anovimba nemushonga kudzivirira zviratidzo zvekurega. Nekufamba kwenguva, yakawanda yemushonga inodikanwa kune imwechete mhedzisiro. Izvi zvinonzi kushivirira zvinodhaka.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti uve wekuvimba nemuviri zvinosiyana nemunhu wega wega.

Kana munhu amira kutora zvinodhaka, muviri unoda nguva kuti uwanezve. Izvi zvinokonzera kubvisa zviratidzo. Kuregererwa kubva kumaopiate kunogona kuitika chero nguva-yekushandisa kwenguva refu kumiswa kana kuderedzwa.

Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekudzima zvinosanganisira:

• Kusagadzikana
• Kufunganya
• Tsvina inorwadza
• Kuwedzera kubvaruka
• Kusarara
• Dzihwa
• Kudikitira
• Yawning

Zviratidzo zvekupedzisira zvekurega zvinosanganisira:

• Kubata mudumbu
• Manyoka
• Dilated vadzidzi
• Goose mapundu
• Nausea
• Kusvipa

Zviratidzo izvi hazvina kugadzikana asi hazvisi kutyisidzira hupenyu. Zviratidzo zvinowanzotanga mukati maawa gumi nemaviri ekupedzisira ekushandisa heroin uye mukati memaawa makumi matatu ekupedzisira kuratidzwa kwemethadone.

Anokuchengetedza hutano achaita bvunzo dzepanyama uye obvunza mibvunzo nezve yako nhoroondo yezvekurapa uye kushandisa zvinodhaka.

Weti kana kuongororwa kweropa kuongorora zvinodhaka zvinogona kusimbisa opiate kushandiswa.

Kumwe kuyedza kunoenderana nekutarisira kwemupi wako kune mamwe matambudziko. Miedzo inogona kusanganisira:

• Ropa makemikari uye chiropa chinoshanda bvunzo senge CHEM-20
• CBC (yakazara ropa kuverenga, zviyero zvitsvuku uye chena masero eropa, uye maplatelet, ayo anobatsira ropa kuvhara)
• Chest x-ray
• ECG (electrocardiogram, kana moyo wekutsvagisa)
• Kuedzwa kwehepatitis C, HIV, uye tibhii (TB), sevanhu vazhinji vanoshungurudza maopiates zvakare vane izvi zvirwere

Kurega kubva pamishonga iyi uri wega kunogona kuoma uye kunogona kuva nenjodzi. Kurapa kazhinji kunosanganisira mishonga, kuraira, uye rutsigiro. Iwe nemupi wako muchakurukura nezvetarisiro dzenyu uye zvinangwa zvekurapa.

Kuregera kunogona kuitika munzvimbo dzinoverengeka.

• Pamba-pamba, uchishandisa mishonga uye yakasimba sisitimu yekutsigira. (Iyi nzira yakaoma, uye kubvisa kunofanira kuitwa zvishoma nezvishoma.)
• Kushandisa zvivakwa zvakagadzirirwa kubatsira vanhu vane detoxification (detox).
• Muchipatara chenguva dzose, kana zviratidzo zvakakomba.

MISHONGA

Methadone inoderedza kubvisa zviratidzo uye inobatsira ne detox. Iyo inoshandiswawo semushonga wenguva refu-wekuchengetedza opioid kuvimba. Mushure menguva yekuchengetedza, iyo dose inogona kudzikira zvishoma nezvishoma kwenguva yakareba. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzikisa kusimba kwezviratidzo zvekurega. Vamwe vanhu vanogara pamethadone kwemakore.

Buprenorphine (Subutex) inobata kubvisa kubva kumaopiates, uye inogona kupfupisa kureba kwedetox. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza-kwenguva refu, senge methadone. Buprenorphine inogona kusanganiswa neNaloxone (Bunavail, Suboxone, Zubsolv), iyo inobatsira kudzivirira kuvimba uye kushandisa zvisirizvo.

Clonidine inoshandiswa kubatsira kudzikisira kushushikana, kushushikana, mhasuru kurwadza, kudikitira, kumhanya mhino, uye kupwanya Izvo hazvibatsire kudzikisira zvishuwo.

Mimwe mishonga inogona:

• Rapa kurutsa nemanyoka
• Batsira nehope

Naltrexone inogona kubatsira kudzivirira kudzokazve. Inowanikwa mupiritsi fomu kana sejekiseni. Izvo zvakare, zvakadaro, zvinogona kuunza nekukurumidza uye kwakanyanya kuregera kana chikatorwa apo maopioid achiri muchikamu chako.

Vanhu vanoenda kuburikidza nekudzora kakawanda uye vanofanirwa kurapwa neyakareba-methadone kana buprenorphine kugadzirisa.

Vanhu vazhinji vanoda kurapwa kwenguva refu mushure mekubvisa detox. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Mapoka ekuzvibatsira-wega, seNarcotic Anonymous kana SMART Kudzoreredza
• Kunze kwekuraira
• Kurapa kwekurapa kwakanyanya (zuva rekuchengetwa muchipatara)
• Inpatient kurapwa

Chero ani zvake anoenda kuburikidza ne detox yeopiates anofanirwa kuongororwa kushushikana uye zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa. Kurapa kusagadzikana uku kunogona kudzora njodzi yekudzokazve. Mishonga yekudzvinyirira inofanira kupihwa pazvinenge zvichidiwa.

Mapoka ekutsigira, akadai seNarcotic Anonymous uye SMART Kudzoreredza, anogona kubatsira zvakanyanya kune vanhu vakapindwa muropa nemaopiates:

• Narcotic Anonymous - www.na.org
• SMART Kudzoresa - www.smartworks.com

Kurega opiates kunorwadza, asi kazhinji hakusi kutyisidzira hupenyu.

Matambudziko anosanganisira kurutsa nekufema mune zvemudumbu mumapapu. Izvi zvinonzi aspiration, uye zvinogona kukonzera hutachiona hwemapapu. Kurutsa uye manyoka kunogona kukonzera kupera simba uye muviri wemakemikari uye mamineral (electrolyte) kukanganisa.

Dambudziko rakakura nderokudzokera pakushandisa zvinodhaka. Yakawanda opiate overdose kufa kunoitika kune vanhu vangobvisa detox. Kuregera kunoderedza kushivirira kwemunhu kune chinodhaka, saka avo vachangobva kupfuura mukuregedza vanokwanisa kuwedzeredza pane diki diki pane zvavaimbotora.

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe uri kushandisa kana kubvisa kubva kumaopiates.

Kurega kubva kumaopioid; Dopesickness; Kushandisa zvinodhaka - opiate kurega; Kushandisa zvinodhaka - opiate kurega; Kushandisa zvinodhaka - opiate kurega; Kushungurudzwa kweNarcotic - opiate kurega; Methadone - opiate kurega; Mishonga yemarwadzo - opiate kurega; Heroin kushungurudzwa - opiate kurega; Morphine kushungurudzwa - opiate kurega; Opoid kubvisa; Meperidine - opiate kurega; Dilaudid - opiate kubvisa; Oxycodone - opiate kubvisa; Percocet - opiate kurega; Oxycontin - opiate kubvisa; Hydrocodone - opiate kubvisa; Detox - opiates; Detoxification - opiates

Kampman K, Jarvis M. American Society yeAddiction Mishonga (ASAM) National Practice Guideline yekushandisa mishonga mukurapa kupindwa muropa kunosanganisira opioid kushandiswa. J Kupindwa muropa neMed. 2015; 9 (5): 358-367. PMID: 26406300 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26406300/.

Nikolaides JK, Thompson TM. Opioid. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chitsiko 156.

Ritter JM, Ruva R, Henderson G, Loke YK, MacEwan D, Rang HP. Kushandisa zvinodhaka uye kuvimba. Mune: Ritter JM, Ruva R, Henderson G, Loke YK, MacEwan D, Rang HP, eds. Rang uye Dale's Pharmacology. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 50.

Kushungurudzwa Kwemishonga uye Mental Health Services Administration. Kiyi yekushandisa zvinhu uye zviratidzo zvehutano hwepfungwa muUnited States: Mhedzisiro kubva ku2018 National Survey Nezvekushandisa Zvinodhaka uye Hutano. www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/cbhsq-reports/NSDUHNationalFindingsReport2018/NSDUHNationalFindingsReport2018.pdf. Yakagadziridzwa Nyamavhuvhu 2019. Yakasvika June 23, 2020.