Alkalosis

Alkalosis mamiriro mune iyo mvura yemuviri ine yakawandisa base (alkali). Izvi zvinopesana neyakawandisa acid (acidosis).

Itsvo nemapapu zvinochengetedza kuenzana kwakaringana (chaiyo pH nhanho) yemakemikari anonzi acids uye zvigadziko mumuviri. Yakadzikira kabhoni dhayokisaidhi (asidi) chiyero kana yakawedzera bicarbonate (hwaro) inoita kuti muviri uvewo alkaline, mamiriro anonzi alkalosis. Kune akasiyana marudzi ealkalosis. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa pazasi.

Respiratory alkalosis inokonzerwa neakaderera kabhoni dhayokisaidhi muropa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa ne:

• Kupindwa nechando
• Kuva pakakwirira
• Kushaya oxygen
• Chiropa chirwere
• Chirwere chemapapu, icho chinoita kuti iwe ufeme nekukurumidza (hyperventilate)
• Aspirin chepfu

Metabolic alkalosis inokonzerwa neakawandisa bicarbonate muropa. Izvo zvinogona zvakare kuitika nekuda kwehumwe hutano hweitsvo.

Hypochloremic alkalosis inokonzerwa nekushomeka kwakanyanya kana kurasikirwa kwechloride, senge kubva pakurutsa kwenguva refu.

Hypokalemic alkalosis inokonzerwa neitsvo 'kupindura kushomeka kwakanyanya kana kurasikirwa kwe potassium. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kubva pakutora mamwe mapiritsi emvura (diuretics).

Yakabhadharwa alkalosis inoitika kana muviri uchidzosera iyo acid-base chiyero kusvika padhuze neyakajairika mune zviitiko zvealkalosis, asi bicarbonate uye carbon dioxide mazinga anogara asina kujairika.

Zviratidzo zvealkalosis zvinogona kusanganisira chero yeanotevera:

• Kuvhiringidzika (kunogona kufambira mberi kusvika pakurara kana pakoma)
• Kubvunda kwemaoko
• Musoro wakareruka
• Tsvina ichinyemwerera
• Nausea, kurutsa
• Unhu kana kugwinha kumeso, maoko, kana tsoka
• Yakareba mhasuru spasms (tetany)

Anopa hutano anoita bvunzo dzepanyama uye obvunza nezve zviratidzo zvako.

Rabhoritari bvunzo dzinogona kurairwa dzinosanganisira:

• Arterial ropa gasi kuongorora.
• Electrolyte bvunzo, senge yakakosha metabolic pani yekusimbisa alkalosis uye kuratidza kana iri yekufema kana metabolic alkalosis.

Mimwe bvunzo inogona kudikanwa kuti uone chinokonzeresa alkalosis. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Chest x-ray
• Kuongorora urinal
• Weti pH

Kurapa alkalosis, mupi wako anofanira kutanga atsvaga chinokonzera chikonzero.

Kune alkalosis inokonzerwa ne hyperventilation, kufemera mubhegi repepa kunoita kuti iwe uchengetedze kabhoni dhayokisaidhi mumuviri wako, zvinovandudza alkalosis. Kana okisijeni yako yakadzika, unogona kugamuchira okisijeni.

Mishonga inogona kudikanwa kugadzirisa kurasikirwa kwemakemikari (senge chloride uye potasium). Wako mupi anoongorora ako akakosha zviratidzo (tembiricha, kupomba, mwero wekufema, uye kuwedzerwa kweropa).

Mazhinji kesi ealkalosis anopindura mushe pakurapwa.

Kusarapwa kana kusarapwa zvakanaka, matambudziko anogona kusanganisira chero eanotevera:

• Arrhythmias (moyo uchirova nekukurumidza, unononoka, kana zvisina kujairika)
• Coma
• Electrolyte kusaenzana (senge yakaderera potasiamu nhanho)

Fonera mupiki wako kana iwe ukavhiringidzika, usingakwanise kuisa pfungwa, kana kutadza "kubata mweya wako."

Enda kuimba yekukurumidzira kana kufonera yemuno emergency emergency (se911) kana paine:

• Kurasikirwa kwekuziva
• Zvinokurumidza kuwedzera zviratidzo zvealkalosis
• Kufenda
• Kunetseka kwakanyanya kufema

Kudzivirira kunoenderana nechikonzero chealkalosis.Vanhu vane itsvo zvine hutano nemapapu havawanzo kuve neakakomba alkalosis.

• Itsvo

Effros RM, Swenson ER. Acid-base chiyero. Mune: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Murray naNadel Chinyorwa cheKufema Kwemishonga. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits.

Ah MS, Briefel G. Kuongororwa kweiyo renal basa, mvura, electrolyte, uye acid-base chiyero. Mune: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis uye Management nemaLabhoritari Maitiro. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chitsiko 14.

Seifter JL. Acid-base kusagadzikana. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 110.