Dambudziko rekubuda ropa

Dambudziko rekubuda ropa iboka remamiriro ezvinhu mune dambudziko remuviri wekuvhara ropa. Aya matambudziko anogona kutungamira mukuremerwa uye kwenguva refu kubuda ropa mushure mekukuvara. Kubuda ropa kunogonawo kutanga pachako.

Matambudziko chaiwo ekubuda ropa anosanganisira:

• Yakawana platelet basa kusakwana
• Kuberekwa kweplatelet basa kusakwana
• Yakaparadzirwa intravascular coagulation (DIC)
• Prothrombin kushomeka
• Factor V kushomeka
• Chinhu cheVII kushomeka
• Chinhu X kushomeka
• Chinhu cheXI kushomeka (hemophilia C)
• Glanzmann chirwere
• Hemophilia A
• Hemophilia B
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
• Von Willebrand chirwere (mhando I, II, uye III)

Kuvharika kweropa chaiko kunosanganisira zvinoumba zvikamu zveropa, zvinonzi maplatelet, uye mapuroteni eplasma akawanda anosvika makumi maviri. Izvi zvinozivikanwa sekuvhara ropa kana kuita coagulation zvinhu. Izvi zvinhu zvinofambidzana nemamwe makemikari kugadzira chinhu chinomisa kubuda ropa chinonzi fibrin.

Matambudziko anogona kuitika kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakaderera kana kushayikwa. Zvinetso zvekubuda ropa zvinogona kubva pane zvinyoro kusvika kune zvakanyanya.

Mamwe matambudziko ekubuda ropa aripo pakuzvarwa uye anopfuudzwa kuburikidza nemhuri (nhaka). Vamwe vanokura kubva:

• Zvirwere, senge kushomeka kwevhitamini K kana chirwere chakakomba chechiropa
• Kurapwa, senge kushandiswa kwemishonga kumisa kuwanda kweropa (anticoagulants) kana kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya

Kuvhiringidzika kweropa kunogona zvakare kukonzerwa nedambudziko nenhamba kana mashandiro emasero eropa anosimudzira kugwamba kweropa (maplatelet). Idzi nyonganiso dzinogona zvakare kuve dzinogarwa nhaka kana kukura gare gare (kuwanikwa). Iyo mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yemamwe madhiragi kazhinji inotungamira kune akawanikwa mafomu.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira chero zvinotevera:

• Kubuda ropa mumajoini kana mhasuru
• Kutuka zviri nyore
• Kubuda ropa kwakanyanya
• Kubuda kumwedzi kwakanyanya kubuda ropa
• Mhino dzemhino dzisingamire nyore
• Kunyanya kubuda ropa nemaitiro ekuvhiya
• Tambo yembilical ichibuda ropa mushure mekuzvarwa

Zvinetso zvinoitika zvinoenderana neicho chirwere chekubuda ropa, uye kuti chakanyanya sei.

Miedzo inogona kuitwa inosanganisira:

• Yakazara kuverenga ropa (CBC)
• Yakasarudzika thromboplastin nguva (PTT)
• Platelet kuwanda bvunzo
• Prothrombin nguva (PT)
• Kusanganisa kudzidza, chaiyo PTT bvunzo yekusimbisa kushomeka kwechinhu

Kurapa kunoenderana nerudzi rwechirwere. Inogona kusanganisira:

• Kuvhara chinhu chinotsiva
• Kuisirwa chitsva kwechando plasma kuwedzerwa
• Platelet kuwedzerwa
• Mamwe marapirwo

Tsvaga zvimwe nezvekusuwa kwekubuda ropa kuburikidza nemapoka aya:

• National Hemophilia Foundation: Zvimwe Kusakwana Kwezvinhu - www.hemophilia.org/Bleeding-Disorders/Types-of-Bleeding-Disorders/Other-Factor-Deficiencies
• National Hemophilia Foundation: Kukunda kweVakadzi vane Dambudziko reRopa - www.hemophilia.org/Community-Resource/Women-with-Bleeding-Disorders/Victory-for-Women-with-Blood-Disorders
• Dhipatimendi reUtano reHutano neHuman Services - www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/bleeding-disorders

Mhedzisiro inoenderanawo nedambudziko. Matambudziko mazhinji ekubuda ropa anogona kutarisirwa. Kana kusagadzikana kuri kukonzerwa nezvirwere, senge DIC, mhedzisiro yacho inoenderana nekuti chirwere chepasi chinogona kurapwa sei.

Zvinetso zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kubuda ropa muuropi
• Kubuda ropa kwakanyanya (kazhinji kubva mudumbu kana kukuvara)

Zvimwe zvinonetsa zvinogona kuitika, zvinoenderana nedambudziko.

Fonera wako mupi wezvehutano kana iwe ukaona chero kujairika kana kwakanyanya kubuda ropa.

Kudzivirira kunoenderana nechakakanganisika chirwere.

Coagulopathy

Gailani D, Wheeler AP, Neff AT. Kazhinji coagulation factor kushaikwa. Muna: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Basic Misimboti uye Maitiro. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 137.

Horo JE. Hemostasis uye kuwanda kweropa. Mune: Horo JE, ed. Guyton uye Horo Chinyorwa cheMedhi Physiology. 13 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits. 37.

Nichols WL. Von Willebrand chirwere uye hemorrhagic kukanganisika kweplatelet uye vascular basa. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits. 173.

Ragni MV. Hemorrhagic kusagadzikana: coagulation factor kushomeka. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chits. 174.