Rabies

Rabies chirwere chinouraya hutachiona chinonyanya kupararira nemhuka dzine hutachiona.

Hutachiona hunokonzerwa nehutachiona hwechimbwamupengo. Chimbwamupengo chinoparadzirwa nemate ane hutachiona anopinda mumuviri kuburikidza nekurumwa kana kupwanyika ganda. Utachiona hunofamba kubva paronda kuenda kuuropi, uko kunokonzera kuzvimba kana kuzvimba. Uku kuzvimba kunotungamira kuzviratidzo zvechirwere. Kazhinji kufa kwechimbwamupengo kunoitika muvana.

Munguva yakapfuura, zviitiko zvechirwere chevanhu muUnited States zvaiwanzo guma nekurumwa nembwa. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvimwe zviitiko zvechirwere chevanhu zvakabatanidzwa nemabhata uye marcons. Imbwa dzinoruma ndicho chikonzero chinowanzoitika chechimbwamupengo munyika dzichiri kusimukira, kunyanya Asia ne Africa. Kwakange kusati kwave nemishumo yema rabies anokonzerwa nekurumwa nembwa muUnited States kwemakore akati wandei nekuda kwekupararira kwekudzivirira mhuka.

Dzimwe mhuka dzesango dzinogona kutapudza hutachiona hwechirwere chevaroyi dzinosanganisira:

• Makava
• Skunks

Mune zvisingawanzoitika zviitiko, chimbwamupengo chakapfuudzwa pasina kuruma chaiko. Rudzi urwu rwehutachiona rwunofungidzirwa kuti rwunokonzerwa nemate ane hutachiona ayo apinda mumhepo, kazhinji ari mumapako emabheti.

Iyo nguva iri pakati pehutachiona uye paunorwara inotangira pamazuva gumi kusvika pamakore manomwe. Iyi nguva inonzi inonzi incubation nguva. Ivhareji incubation nguva ndeye masvondo matatu kusvika gumi nemaviri.

Kutya mvura (hydrophobia) chiratidzo chinowanzozivikanwa. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kudonhedza mvura
• Kufenda
• Kuruma saiti inonzwisisika
• Maitiro anochinja
• Kusvotwa uye kurutsa
• Kurasikirwa kwekunzwa munzvimbo yemuviri
• Kurasikirwa kwemhasuru basa
• Low-grade fever (102 ° F kana 38.8 ° C, kana yakaderera) ine musoro
• Tsandanyama mhasuru
• Unhu uye kurira
• Marwadzo panzvimbo yekurumwa
• Kusadzikama
• Kumedza kuoma (kunwa kunokonzeresa kupaza kwezwi bhokisi)
• Hallucinations

Kana mhuka ikakuruma, edza kuunganidza ruzivo rwakawanda nezve mhuka yacho sezvinobvira. Danai vakuru vemunharaunda yenyu kuti vabate mhuka. Kana pakafungirwa kuti rabies, mhuka ichatariswa zviratidzo zvemarabi.

Chiyero chakakosha chinonzi immunofluorescence chinoshandiswa kutarisa nyama yehuropi mushure mekunge mhuka yafa. Bvunzo iyi inogona kuburitsa pachena kuti mhuka iyi yanga iine chimbwamupengo here.

Anokuchengetedza hutano achakuongorora uye otarisa kurumwa. Ronda racho richacheneswa uye kurapwa.

Muedzo mumwe chete unoshandiswa pamhuka unogona kuitwa kuti utarise marabi muvanhu. Muedzo unoshandisa chidimbu cheganda kubva pamutsipa. Iye mupi anogona zvakare kutsvaga hutachiona hwechirwere mumate ako kana musana wemvura, kunyangwe bvunzo idzi dzisiri dzehunyanzvi uye dzingangoda kudzokororwa.

Pombi yemuzongoza inogona kuitwa kuti utarise zviratidzo zvehutachiona mumusana wako wemuzongoza. Mimwe bvunzo yakaitwa inogona kusanganisira:

• MRI yeuropi
• CT yemusoro

Chinangwa chekurapa ndechekuderedza zviratidzo zvechironda chekuruma uye kuongorora njodzi yehutachiona hwechirwere. Chenesa ronda zvakanaka nesipo nemvura uye tsvaga rubatsiro rwevanachiremba. Iwe uchazoda mupi wekuchenesa ronda uye kubvisa chero zvinhu zvekunze. Kazhinji yenguva, kusona hakufanirwe kushandiswa kumaronda ekurumwa kwemhuka.

Kana paine njodzi yekubatwa nechimbwamupengo, unozopihwa mushonga wekudzivirira. Mushonga unowanzo kupihwa muzvikamu zvishanu kwemazuva makumi maviri nemasere. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya haina kana utachiona

Vazhinji vanhu vanogashirawo kurapwa kunonzi kwevanhu rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG). Uku kurapwa kunopihwa musi wakarumwa.

Fonera waunopa ipapo ipapo mushure mekurumwa nemhuka kana mushure mekuratidzwa kumhuka dzakadai semabhata, makava, uye skunks. Vanogona kutakura chimbwamupengo.

• Fona kunyangwe pasina kuruma kwakaitika.
• Kubaya majekiseni ekurwisa nekurapa kwechimbwamupengo kunokurudzirwa kwemazuva anosvika gumi nemana mushure mekuratidzwa kana kurumwa.

Iko hakuna kurapwa kunozivikanwa kune vanhu vane zviratidzo zvehutachiona hwechimbwamupengo, asi pakave nemishumo mishoma yevanhu vanopona nemishonga yekuyedza.

Izvo zvinokwanisika kudzivirira chimbwamupengo kana iwe ukawana mushonga munguva pfupi mushure mekurumwa. Kusvika pari zvino, hapana muUnited States akagadzira rabies pavakapihwa mushonga nekukasika uye nenzira kwayo.

Kana zviratidzo zvangoonekwa, munhu haawanzo kupona chirwere, kunyangwe nekurapwa. Rufu kubva mukutadza kufema kunowanzoitika mukati memazuva manomwe mushure mekutanga kwezviratidzo.

Rabies chirwere chinotyisidzira hupenyu. Akasiiwa asina kurapwa, chimbwamupengo chinogona kutungamira kukoma uye kufa.

Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, vamwe vanhu vanogona kunge vaine zvinopesana nemushonga werarabi.

Enda kuimba yekukurumidzira kana kufonera 911 kana nhamba yemuno yechimbichimbi kana mhuka ikakuruma.

Kubatsira kudzivirira chimbwamupengo:

• Dzivisa kusangana nemhuka dzausingazive.
• Wana jekiseni kana iwe ukashanda munzvimbo ine njodzi huru kana kuenda kune dzimwe nyika dzine huwandu hwakawanda hwamarabi.
• Ita shuwa kuti zvipfuwo zvako zvinogamuchira majekiseni akakodzera. Kumbira chiremba wemhuka.
• Ita shuwa kuti chipfuwo chako hachisangane nechero mhuka dzesango.
• Tevedza mitemo yekuzvitsaura pakupinza imbwa uye zvimwe zvipfuwo munyika dzisina chirwere.

Hydrophobia; Kuruma kwemhuka - chimbwamupengo; Imbwa inoruma - chimbwamupengo; Chiremwaremwa - chimbwamupengo; Raccoon inoruma - chimbwamupengo

• Rabies
• Central nervous system uye yekumusoro tsinga system
• Rabies

Bullard-Berent J. Rabies. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 123.

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. Rabies. www.cdc.gov/rabies/index.html. Yakagadziridzwa Nyamavhuvhu 25, 2020. Yakasvika muna Zvita 2, 2020.

Williams B, Rupprecht CE, Bleck TP. Chimbwamupengo (rhabdoviruses). Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Maitiro uye Maitiro Ezvirwere zvinotapukira. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 163.