Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma iri mhando isingawanzoitika yechirwere chegomarara chinobuda kubva mutsinga dzetsinga. Inowanzoitika muvacheche nevana.

Neuroblastoma inogona kuitika munzvimbo zhinji dzemuviri. Inokura kubva kumatukisi anoumba tsitsi dzinonzwira tsitsi. Ichi chikamu chehurongwa hwemitsipa hunodzora mashandiro emuviri, senge kurova kwemoyo uye kuwedzerwa kweropa, kugaya, uye huwandu hwemamwe mahormone.

Mazhinji neuroblastomas anotanga mudumbu, mune adrenal gland, padhuze nemuzongoza, kana muchipfuva. Neuroblastomas inogona kupararira kumapfupa. Mapfupa anosanganisira ayo ari kumeso, dehenya, chiuno, mapfudzi, maoko, uye makumbo. Inogona zvakare kupararira kumongo wemapfupa, chiropa, lymph node, ganda, uye kutenderedza maziso (orbits).

Chikonzero chebundu hachizivikanwe. Nyanzvi dzinotenda kuti kuremara mumagen'a kunogona kuita basa. Hafu yemamota aripo pakuzvarwa. Neuroblastoma inonyanya kuongororwa muvana vasati vasvitsa makore mashanu gore rega rega kune mazana manomwe emakesi matsva muUnited States. Dambudziko iri rinowanzoitika muvakomana.

Muvanhu vazhinji, bundu rakapararira parinotanga kuongororwa.

Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinowanzo kuve nefivha, kazhinji kurwara kunzwa (malaise), uye kurwadziwa. Panogona zvakare kuve nekurasikirwa kwechido, kuonda, uye manyoka.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yebundu, uye zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kurwadziwa kwepfupa kana hunyoro (kana kenza yapararira kumapfupa)
• Kunetseka kufema kana kukosora kusingaperi (kana gomarara rapararira kuchifuva)
• Akawedzera mudumbu (kubva pabundu hombe kana yakawandisa fluid)
• Yakatsvuka, yakatsvuka ganda
• Ganda rakachenuruka uye bhuruu rakakomberedza maziso
• Profuse ziya
• Kukurumidza kurova kwemoyo (tachycardia)

Uropi uye huta hurongwa matambudziko anogona kusanganisira:

• Kusakwanisa kudurura dundira
• Kurasikirwa kwekufamba (kuoma mitezo) yehudyu, makumbo, kana tsoka (akadzika magumo)
• Matambudziko nekuenzanisa
• Kusadzora kufamba kwemaziso kana kufamba kwemakumbo netsoka (inonzi opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, kana "maziso anotamba nekutamba tsoka")

Anopa hutano anoongorora mwana. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yebundu.

• Panogona kunge paine bundu kana hura mudumbu.
• Chiropa chinogona kuwedzerwa, kana bundu rapararira kuchiropa.
• Panogona kunge paine kukwirira kweropa uye nekukurumidza moyo kurovera kana bundu riri mune adrenal gland.
• Lymph node inogona kunge ichizvimba.

X-ray kana imwe bvunzo yekufungidzira inoitwa kutsvaga chikuru (chepuraimari) bundu uye kuona kwayakapararira. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Bone scan
• Bone x-ray
• Chest x-ray
• CT scan yechifuva nedumbu
• MRI scan yechifuva uye mudumbu

Mimwe bvunzo inogona kuitwa inosanganisira:

• Biopsy yebundu
• Bone marora bhiopsy
• Yakazara kuverenga ropa (CBC) inoratidza kushomeka kweropa kana zvimwe zvisina kujairika
• Coagulation zvidzidzo uye erythrocyte sedimentation mwero (ESR)
• Hormone bvunzo (kuongororwa kweropa kutarisa huwandu hwehomoni senge catecholamines)
• MIBG scan (imaging bvunzo yekusimbisa kuvepo kweeuroblastoma)
• Weti 24-awa bvunzo ye catecholamines, homovanillic acid (HVA), uye vanillymandelic acid (VMA)

Kurapa kunoenderana ne:

• Nzvimbo yebundu
• Yakawanda sei uye kupi bundu rapararira
• Zera remunhu

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuvhiyiwa chete kwakakwana. Kazhinji, zvakadaro, kumwe kurapa kunodiwa zvakare. Mishonga yeanticancer (chemotherapy) inogona kukurudzirwa kana bundu rapararira.Radiation therapy inogona zvakare kushandiswa.

Yakakwira-dose chemotherapy, autologous stem cell kuisirwa, uye immunotherapy zviri kushandiswawo.

Unogona kudzikisira kushushikana kwehurwere nekujoinha boka rekutsigira gomarara. Kugovana nevamwe vane zvakajairika zviitiko uye matambudziko zvinogona kubatsira iwe nemwana wako kuti usanzwa uri wega.

Mhedzisiro inosiyana. Muvana vadiki kwazvo, bundu rinogona kubva roga, pasina kurapwa. Kana, zvinyama zvebundu zvinogona kukura uye kukura kuita isina-kenza (benign) bundu rinonzi ganglioneuroma, iro rinogona kuvhiyiwa kubviswa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, bundu rinopararira nekukurumidza.

Mhinduro kurapa inosiyanawo. Kurapa kunowanzo kubudirira kana gomarara risina kupararira. Kana yakapararira, neuroblastoma yakaoma kurapa. Vana vadiki vanowanzoita zvirinani kupfuura vana vakuru.

Vana vanorapwa neuroblastoma vanogona kunge vari panjodzi yekuwana yechipiri, gomarara rakasiyana mune ramangwana.

Zvinetso zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kupararira (metastasis) yebundu
• Kukuvadza uye kurasikirwa kwebasa renhengo dzinobatanidzwa

Fonera wako mupi kana mwana wako aine zviratidzo zveeuroblastoma. Kutanga kuongororwa uye kurapwa kunovandudza mukana wemhedzisiro yakanaka.

Gomarara - neuroblastoma

• Neuroblastoma muropa - CT scan

Dome JS, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Spunt SL, Santana VM. Chirwere chakasimba mamota. Mune: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 5 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: chits. 95.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Neuroblastoma kurapwa (PDQ) - hutano nyanzvi vhezheni. www.cancer.gov/types/neuroblastoma/hp/neuroblastoma-treatment-pdq. Yakagadziridzwa Nyamavhuvhu 17, 2018. Yakasvika munaNovember 12, 2018.