Encephalitis

Encephalitis kutsamwa uye kuzvimba (kuzvimba) kwehuropi, kazhinji kazhinji nekuda kwezvirwere.

Encephalitis chinhu chisingawanzoitika. Inoitika kazhinji mugore rekutanga rehupenyu uye inoderera nezera. Vechidiki chaizvo uye vakuru vakuru vanowanzo kuve nenyaya yakaoma.

Encephalitis inowanzo kukonzerwa nehutachiona. Mhando dzakawanda dzehutachiona dzinogona kuzvikonzera.Kujekesa kunogona kuitika kuburikidza ne:

• Kufema mumadonhwe kubva mumhino, muromo, kana huro kubva kumunhu ane hutachiona
• Chikafu kana chinwiwa chakashatiswa
• Umhutu, tikiti, uye zvimwe zvipembenene zvinoruma
• Ganda kuonana

Zvirwere zvakasiyana zvinoitika munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Zviitiko zvakawanda zvinoitika mune imwe mwaka.

Encephalitis inokonzerwa neherpes simplex hutachiona ndiyo honzeri inokonzeresa yezviitiko zvakakomba mumazera ese, kusanganisira vacheche.

Kugadzirira kurapa kwakaderedza zvakanyanya encephalitis nekuda kwemamwe mavhairasi, anosanganisira:

• Measles
• Mumpump
• Poriyo
• Rabies
• Rubella
• Varicella (huku)

Humwe hutachiona hunokonzera encephalitis hunosanganisira:

• Adenovirus
• Coxsackievirus
• Cytomegalovirus
• Eastern equine encephalitis hutachiona
• Echovirus
• Japanese encephalitis, inoitika muAsia
• Utachiona hweWest Nile

Mushure mekunge hutachiona hwapinda mumuviri, hura hwehuropi hunozvimba. Uku kuzvimba kunogona kuparadza maseru etsinga, uye kukonzera kubuda ropa muuropi uye kukuvara kwehuropi.

Zvimwe zvikonzero zve encephalitis zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Anorwara maitiro kune majekiseni
• Autoimmune chirwere
• Hutachiona hwakadai sechirwere cheLyme, njovhera, uye tibhii
• Zvirwere zvakadai sehonye, ​​cysticercosis, uye toxoplasmosis kune vanhu vane HIV / AIDS nevamwe vanhu vane immune system isina simba
• Migumisiro yekenza

Vamwe vanhu vanogona kunge vaine zviratidzo zvekutonhora kana mudumbu hutachiona zviratidzo zve encephalitis zvisati zvatanga.

Kana hutachiona uhu husina kunyanya kukura, zviratidzo zvinogona kunge zvakafanana nezvezvimwe zvirwere:

• Fivha iyo haina kunyanya kukwirira
• Nyoro musoro
• Simba rakaderera uye chishuwo chakashata

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• Kusindimara, kusagadzikana kufamba
• Kuvhiringidzika, kusagadzikana
• Kukotsira
• Kushatirwa kana kudzora hasha
• Chiedza chekunzwisisa
• Mutsipa wakaomarara uye musana (dzimwe nguva)
• Kusvipa

Zviratidzo muvacheche nevacheche vacheche zvinogona kunge zvisiri nyore kuziva:

• Kuomarara kwemuviri
• Kusagadzikana uye kuchema kazhinji (izvi zviratidzo zvinogona kuwedzera kana mwana atorwa)
• Kudya zvisina tsarukano
• Nzvimbo yakapfava pamusoro pemusoro inogona kubuda zvakanyanya
• Kusvipa

Zviratidzo zvechimbichimbi:

• Kurasikirwa kwekuziva, kutadza kupindura, kupusa, koma
• Tsvina kushaya simba kana kuoma mitezo
• Kufenda
• Musoro wakanyanya
• Kamwe kamwe shanduko mumabasa epfungwa, senge chinyararire mamiriro, kutadza kutonga, kurasikirwa ndangariro, kana kushaya kufarira kwezviitwa zvezuva nezuva

Anopa hutano anoita bvunzo dzepanyama uye obvunza nezve zviratidzo.

Miedzo inogona kuitwa inosanganisira:

• Ubongo MRI
• CT scan yemusoro
• Imwe-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
• Tsika yecerebrospinal fluid (CSF), ropa, kana weti (zvisinei, bvunzo iyi haiwanzo kubatsira)
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Lumbar kubaya uye CSF kuongorora
• Kuyedza kunoona antibodies kune hutachiona (serology bvunzo)
• Kwayedza iyo inoona zvidiki zvidiki zvehutachiona DNA (polymerase chain reaction - PCR)

Zvinangwa zvekurapa ndezvekupa rubatsiro rwekutsigira (kuzorora, kudya kunovaka muviri, zvinwiwa) kubatsira muviri kurwisa hutachiona, uye kubvisa zviratidzo.

Mishonga inogona kusanganisira:

• Mishonga yeAntiviral, kana hutachiona hwakakonzera hutachiona
• Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kana bhakitiriya iri iyo honzeri
• Mishonga yekudzivirira mishonga yekubata pfari
• Steroid yekudzora huropi kuzvimba
• Sedatives yekutsamwa kana kusagadzikana
• Acetaminophen yefivha uye musoro

Kana huropi hunoshanda hwakakanganiswa zvakanyanya, kurapwa kwemuviri uye kurapa kwekutaura kunogona kudikanwa mushure mekutapukirwa nehutachiona.

Mhedzisiro yacho inosiyana. Zvimwe zviitiko zvakapfava uye zvipfupi, uye munhu anopora zvizere. Zvimwe zviitiko zvakakomba, uye zvinetso zvechigarire kana kufa zvinogoneka.

Chikamu chakanyanya chinowanzoitika kwemavhiki 1 kusvika 2. Fivha nezviratidzo zvishoma nezvishoma kana kamwe kamwe zvinonyangarika. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kutora mwedzi yakati wandei kuti vanyatso pora.

Kukuvara kwekusingaperi kwehuropi kunogona kuitika mune zvakakomba zviitiko zve encephalitis. Inogona kukanganisa:

• Kunzwa
• Ndangariro
• Kudzora mhasuru
• Kunzwa
• Kutaura
• Chiono

Enda kuimba yekukurumidzira kana kufonera iyo yemuno emergency emergency (se911) kana uine:

• Kamwe kamwe fivha
• Zvimwe zviratidzo zve encephalitis

Vana nevakuru vanofanirwa kudzivirira kusangana nechero munhu ane encephalitis.

Kudzora umhutu (kurumwa neumhutu kunogona kuendesa mamwe hutachiona) kunogona kudzora mukana wehumwe hutachiona hunogona kutungamira encephalitis.

• Isa mushonga unodzinga zvipembenene une kemikari, DEET paunoenda kunze (asi USASHANDISA zvigadzirwa zveDEET pane vacheche vari pasi pemwedzi miviri).
• Bvisa chero sosi yemvura yakamira (senge matai ekare, magaba, magata, uye madziva anodzika).
• Pfeka mahembe ane maoko marefu nebhurugwa kana uri panze, kunyanya panguva yorubvunzavaeni.

Vana nevakuru vanofanirwa kuwana majekiseni eakajairika ehutachiona hunogona kukonzera encephalitis. Vanhu vanofanirwa kugamuchira majekiseni chaiwo kana vachifamba kuenda kunzvimbo dzakadai sezvikamu zveAsia, uko kunowanikwa encephalitis yechiJapan.

Dzivirirai mhuka kudzivirira encephalitis inokonzerwa nehutachiona hwechimbwamupengo.

• Ventriculoperitoneal shunt - kubuda

Bloch KC, Glaser CA, Tunkel AR. Encephalitis uye myelitis. Mune: Cohen J, Powderly WG, Opal SM, eds. Zvirwere zvinotapukira. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chitsiko 20.

Bronstein DE, Glaser CA. Encephalitis uye meningoencephalitis. Mune: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, eds. Feigin naCherry's Bhuku reBhuku rePediatric Infectious Diseases. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chitsuwa 36.

Lissauer T, Carroll W. Utachiona uye hutachiona. Mune: Lissauer T, Carroll W, eds. Yakafananidzirwa Rugwaro rwePaediatrics. 5 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 15.