Nitric acid muchetura

Nitric acid ine chepfu yakajeka-kune-yero mvura. Icho chemakemikari inozivikanwa se caustic. Kana ikabata matukisi, inogona kukonzera kukuvara.

Ichi chinyorwa chinotaura nezve chepfu kubva mukumedza kana kufema mu nitric acid.

Ichi chinyorwa ndechekuziva chete. Usashandise iyo kurapa kana kubata chaiyo pozi kuratidzwa. Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu wauinaye aine mukana wekufona, fonera yako yemunharaunda emergency emergency (yakadai se911), kana nzvimbo yemunharaunda yako ine chepfu inogona kusvikwa yakananga nekufonera iyo yenyika isingabhadhariswe Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222) kubva chero kupi muUnited States.

Nitric asidhi

• Mafetiraiza
• Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kuchenesa simbi (senge pfuti dzemabhazi)

Ongorora: Rondedzero iyi inogona kunge isiri yese inosanganisirwa.

Zviratidzo kubva pakumedza nitric acid zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kutambudzika kwepamuviri - kwakanyanya
• Kupisa kune ganda kana muromo
• Kudonhedza mvura
• Kupindwa nechando
• Muromo wemuromo - wakakomba
• Kukurumidza kudonha mukumanikidza kweropa (kuvhunduka)
• Kuzvimba kwehuro, uko kunotungamira mukuomerwa nekufema
• Kurwadziwa pahuro - kwakakomba
• Kusvipa, ropa

Zviratidzo kubva mukufema mu (inhaling) nitric acid inogona kusanganisira:

• Miromo yebhuruu-mavara uye nzara
• Kusunga pachifuva
• Choking
• Kukosora
• Kukosora ropa
• Dzungu
• Kuderera kweropa
• Kukurumidza kupisa
• Kufema kwekufema
• Kushaya simba

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba ipapo. Usaite kuti munhu arase kumusoro kunze kwekunge audzwa kuti aite saizvozvo nePoison Control kana nyanzvi yehutano.

Kana kemikari yakamedzwa, pakarepo ipa munhu mvura kana mukaka, kunze kwekunge warairwa neimwe nzira nemupi wezvehutano. Ipai ma4 ounces (120 kusvika 180 milliliters) emukaka wemagnesia, kana zvichibvira.

Usape mvura kana mukaka kana munhu achinge aine zviratidzo (sekurutsa, kugwinha, kana kudzikira kwekusvinura) zvinoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kumedza.

Kana munhu akafemera huturu, chirumidza kumuendesa kumhepo nyowani.

Ruzivo runotevera runobatsira kune vanopindura zvechimbichimbi:

• Zera remunhu, huremu, uye mamiriro
• Zita rechigadzirwa (uye zvinoshandiswa uye simba, kana zvichizivikanwa)
• Iyo nguva yaakamedzwa kana kufemerwa
• Iyo huwandu hwakamedza kana kufema

Zvisinei, Usanonoka kukumbira rubatsiro kana ruzivo urwu rusina kuwanikwa ipapo.

Yako yepanzvimbo yekudzora huturu inogona kusvikwa yakananga nekufonera iyo yepasirose-isina muripo Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222) kubva chero muUnited States. Iyi hotline yenyika inokurega iwe uchitaura nenyanzvi mune chepfu. Ivo vanozokupa iwe kumwe kuraira.

Iri ibasa remahara uye rakavanzika. Nzvimbo dzese dzemunharaunda dzekudzora chepfu muUnited States dzinoshandisa iyi nhamba yenyika. Iwe unofanirwa kufona kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo nezve chepfu kana kudzivirira chepfu. Hazvidi kuti ive emergency. Iwe unogona kufona chero chikonzero, maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pavhiki.

Iye mupi anoyera uye nekucherechedza zviratidzo zvakakosha, zvinosanganisira kupisa, kupisa, kufema, uye kuwedzerwa kweropa. Munhu wacho anogona kugamuchira:

• Airway rutsigiro, kusanganisira okisijeni, kufema chubhu kuburikidza nemuromo (intubation), uye mweya wekufema (ventilator)
• Ropa uye weti kuongororwa
• Kamera pasi pehuro (endoscopy) kuti uone kupisa mupombi yezvokudya (esophagus) uye mudumbu
• Chest x-ray
• CT kana imwe imaging scan
• ECG (electrocardiogram, kana moyo wekutsvagisa)
• Mvura kuburikidza nemutsinga (intravenous kana IV)
• Mishonga yekurapa zviratidzo
• Tube kuburikidza nemhino mudumbu kuti isvete (aspirate) chero asidhi acid kana munhu achionekwa nguva pfupi yapfuura kuburitswa uye yakawanda yakamedzwa

Nekuratidzwa kweganda, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Kuvhiya kubviswa kweganda rakatsva (debridement)
• Chinjana kuchipatara chinonyanya kugadzirisa kupisa
• Kushambidza kweganda (kudiridza), pamwe maawa mashoma mashoma kwemazuva akati wandei

Kugamuchirwa muchipatara kunogona kudikanwa kuti urambe uchirapwa. Kuvhiya kunogona kudikanwa kana esophagus, dumbu, kana ura hwagadzira maburi (perforation) kubva pakuonekwa neacid.

Kuita zvakanaka kwemunhu kunoenderana neuwandu hweturu yakamedzwa, huturu hwakanyanya sei, uye nekukurumidza kurapwa kwakagamuchirwa. Iyo inokurumidza iyo munhu kuwana rubatsiro rwechiremba, ndiyo iri nani mukana wekupora. Perforation inogona kutungamira kuhutachiona hunogona kunge hwakakomba uye kuvhunduka, izvo zvinogona kuuraya. Kukuvara zvachose uye kuremara kunogona kuitika.

Hoyte C. Caustics. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chitsiko 148.

Pfau PR, Hancock SM. Mitumbi yekunze, bezoars, uye zvinokonzeresa kumedza. Muna: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger uye Fordtran's Gastrointestinal uye Chirwere Chirwere: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chitsiko 27.

US National Raibhurari yeMishonga, Yakasarudzika Ruzivo rweMabasa, Toxicology Data Network webhusaiti. Nitric asidhi. toxnet.nlm.nih.gov. Yakagadziridzwa Kukadzi 14, 2012. Yakasvika munaNdira 14, 2019.