Tracheostomy

Iyo tracheostomy inzira yekuvhiya yekugadzira kuvhura kuburikidza nemutsipa mu trachea (windpipe). Chubhu inowanzo kuiswa kuburikidza neiyi yakavhurwa kuti ipe nzira yemhepo uye kubvisa zvakavanzika kubva mumapapu. Iyi chubhu inonzi tracheostomy tube kana trach chubhu.

General anesthesia inoshandiswa, kunze kwekunge mamiriro acho akakosha. Kana izvozvo zvikaitika, mushonga unovhiya unoiswa munzvimbo iyi kuti ikubatsire kunzwa kurwadziwa kushoma panguva yekuita. Mimwe mishonga inopihwawo yekuzorodza uye kukudzikamisa iwe (kana pane nguva).

Mutsipa unoshambidzwa uye wakashongedzwa. Kucheka kwekuvhiya kunoitwa kuratidza iwo maketani akaomarara emhete anoumba madziro ekunze kwetirachea. Chiremba anovhiya anogadzira kuvhurika mune trachea uye anoisa tracheostomy tube.

Tracheostomy inogona kuitwa kana iwe uine:

• Chinhu chikuru chakavharira nzira yemhepo
• Kutadza kufema wega
• Kuzvarwa kwakagara nhaka kwechikara kana trachea
• Kufemerwa nezvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakaita seutsi, chiutsi, kana mamwe magasi ane chepfu anozvimba nekuvharira nzira yemhepo
• Cancer yemutsipa, iyo inogona kukanganisa kufema nekutsikirira panzira yemhepo
• Kuoma nhengo dzemhasuru dzinokanganisa kumedza
• Kukuvara kukuru kwemutsipa kana muromo
• Kuvhiya kwakatenderedza izwi bhokisi (larynx) iyo inodzivirira yakajairika kufema uye kumedza

Njodzi dzeanesthesia ndeiyi:

• Matambudziko kufema
• Reaction kumishonga, kusanganisira kurwisa kwemoyo uye sitiroko, kana kusagadzikana kwehutachiona (kuputika, kuzvimba, kunetseka kufema)

Njodzi dzekuvhiyiwa kupi ndedzinotevera:

• Kubuda ropa
• Utachiona
• Kukuvara kwetsinga, kusanganisira kuora mitezo
• Kupenga

Dzimwe njodzi dzinosanganisira:

• Kusabatana kusanzwisisika pakati petrachea nemidzi mikuru yeropa
• Kukuvadza kwetachiona gland
• Kukanganiswa kwetrachea (zvisingawanzoitika)
• Kubaya kwemapapu nemapapu kudonha
• Mavara matsvuku ari mutrachea anokonzera kurwadziwa kana kunetseka kufema

Munhu anogona kuve nepfungwa yekuvhunduka uye kunzwa asingakwanise kufema uye kutaura paanotanga kumuka mushure me tracheostomy uye kuiswa kwe tracheostomy tube. Kunzwa uku kunodzikira nekufamba kwenguva. Mishonga inogona kupihwa yekubatsira kudzikisira kunetseka kwemurwere.

Kana iyo tracheostomy iri yenguva pfupi, iyo chubhu inozopedzisira yabviswa. Kurapa kunoitika nekukurumidza, kuchisiya vanga diki. Dzimwe nguva, nzira yekuvhiya inogona kudiwa kuvhara saiti (stoma).

Dzimwe nguva kusimbisa, kana kusimbisa kwetreachea kunogona kukura, uko kunogona kukanganisa kufema.

Kana iyo tracheostomy chubhu iripo zvachose, gomba rinoramba rakavhurika.

Vazhinji vanhu vanoda mazuva matatu kusvika matatu kuti vajairane nekufema kuburikidza netracheostomy tube. Zvinotora nguva kudzidza kudzidza kutaura nevamwe. Pakutanga, zvingave zvisingaite kuti munhu ataure kana kuita ruzha.

Mushure mekudzidzira uye kudzidzira, vanhu vazhinji vanogona kudzidza kutaura ne tracheostomy tube. Vanhu kana nhengo dzemhuri vanodzidza kuchengetedza tracheostomy panguva yekugara muchipatara. Basa rekuchengeta pamba rinogona zvakare kuwanikwa.

Iwe unofanirwa kukwanisa kudzokera kune yako yakajairwa mararamiro. Paunenge uri kunze, unogona kupfeka rakasununguka chifukidzo (sikafu kana kumwe kudzivirirwa) pamusoro petracheostomy stoma (gomba). Shandisa matanho ekuchengetedza kana iwe ukasangana nemvura, maaerosols, hupfu, kana zvikamu zvekudya.

• Tracheostomy - akateedzana

Greenwood JC, Winters INI. Kuchengetwa kwetracheostomy. Mune: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, eds. Roberts uye Hedges 'Clinical Maitiro muEmergency Medicine uye Acute Kuchengeta. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chits.

Kelly AM. Zvekukurumidza zvekufema. Muna: Cameron P, Jelinek G, Kelly AM, Brown A, Little M, eds. Chinyorwa cheVakuru Emergency Medicine. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2015: chits.