Karyotyping

Karyotyping muedzo wekuongorora ma chromosomes mune sampuro yemasero. Muedzo uyu unogona kubatsira kuona matambudziko echisikirwo sechikonzero chechirwere kana chirwere.

Muedzo unogona kuitwa pane chero chero nyama, kusanganisira:

• Amniotic fluid
• Ropa
• Bone marora
• Tissue kubva kunhengo inoitika panguva yepamuviri yekupa mwana ari kukura (placenta)

Kuti uedze amniotic fluid, amniocentesis yaitwa.

Bhonzo remongo wemapfupa rinodiwa kutora muenzaniso wefupa remongo.

Iyo sampuro inoiswa mune yakakosha dhishi kana chubhu uye inobvumidzwa kukura murabhoritari. Masero anozotorwa kubva pamuenzaniso mutsva ndokushatiswa. Nyanzvi yevarabhoritari inoshandisa microscope kuongorora saizi, chimiro, uye huwandu hwemakromosomes mune sampuro yesero. Iyo yakasviba sampuro inotorwa mifananidzo kuratidza kurongeka kwema chromosomes. Iyi inonzi karyotype.

Mamwe matambudziko anogona kuzivikanwa kuburikidza nenhamba kana kurongeka kwema chromosomes. MaChromosomes ane zviuru zvemajini zvakachengetwa muDNA, iro rinokosha magene.

Tevedza rairo yemupi wezvehutano nezvekuti ungagadzirira sei bvunzo.

Maitiro ekuti bvunzo inonzwa sei zvinoenderana nekuti iyo yekuyedza nzira iri kutora ropa (venipuncture), amniocentesis, kana bone marrow biopsy

Bvunzo iyi inogona:

• Verenga huwandu hwemakromosomes
• Tarisa shanduko yesimba mumakromosomes

Bvunzo iyi inogona kuitwa:

• Pane vaviri vane nhoroondo yekuparara
• Kuongorora chero mwana kana mucheche ane zvimiro zvisina kujairika kana kunonoka kukura

Iko pfupa kana kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuitwa kuti uone chromosome yePhiladelphia, iyo inowanikwa mu85% yevanhu vane chirwere chisingaperi chinonzi myelogenous leukemia (CML).

Iko amniotic fluid bvunzo inoitwa kutarisa mwana ari kukura kumatambudziko echromosome.

Wako mupi anogona kuraira mimwe bvunzo inoenda pamwe nekaryotype:

• Microarray: Inotarisa shanduko diki mumakromosomes
• Fluorescent in situ kusanganiswa (FISH): Inotarisa zvikanganiso zvidiki senge kubviswa mumakromosomes

Mhedzisiro mhedzisiro ndeiyi:

• Vakadzi: 44 autosomes uye 2 echromosomes ebonde (XX), yakanyorwa sa46, XX
• Vanhurume: makumi mana makumi mana nemaviri echomosomes uye maviri echromosomes ebonde (XY), akanyorwa sa46, XY

Mhedzisiro isina kujairika inogona kunge iri nekuda kweiyo genetic syndrome kana mamiriro, akadai se:

• Down chirwere
• Klinefelter chirwere
• Philadelphia chromosome
• Trisomy 18
• Turner chirwere

Chemotherapy inogona kukonzera kuputsika kwechromosome iyo inokanganisa miitiro yekaryotyping yakajairwa.

Njodzi dzakabatana nemaitiro anoshandiswa kuwana muyenzaniso.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, dambudziko rinogona kuitika kumasero ari kukura mubazi dhishi. Karyotype bvunzo dzinofanira kudzokororwa kuratidza kuti chinetso chisina kujairika chromosome chiri mumuviri wemunhu.

Chromosome kuongorora

• Karyotyping

Bacino CA, Lee B. Cytogenetics. Mune: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits 81.

Stein CK. Zvishandiso zvecytogenetics mune yezvazvino pathology. Mune: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis uye Management nemaLabhoritari Maitiro. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chitsiko 69.