Neuroscience

Neurosciences (kana kiriniki yeurouroscience) zvinoreva bazi remushonga rinotarisa kuhurongwa hwetsinga. Iyo yemaitiro system inogadzirwa nezvikamu zviviri:

• Iyo yepakati tsinga system (CNS) ine yako uropi uye musana tambo.
• Iyo yekunze yehutachiona system ine yako ese tsinga, kusanganisira iyo yekuzvidzivirira yehurongwa system, kunze kwehuropi uye musana tambo, kusanganisira izvo zviri mumaoko ako, makumbo, uye trunk yemuviri.

Pamwe chete, uropi hwako uye musana wemubongo zvinoshanda senzvimbo huru "yekugadzirisa nzvimbo" yetsinga dzese, uye kudzora mashandiro ese emuviri wako.

Mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana ekurapa anogona kukanganisa hurongwa hwemitsipa, kusanganisira:

• Ropa remidziyo kusagadzikana muuropi, kusanganisira arteriovenous malformations uye cerebral aneurysms
• Mamota, benign uye akaipa (cancer)
• Zvirwere zvinodzikira, zvinosanganisira chirwere cheAlzheimer uye chirwere cheParkinson
• Kushungurudzika kwepituitary gland
• Pfari
• Kutemwa nemusoro, kusanganisira migraines
• Kukuvara kwemusoro kwakadai sekukanganiswa uye kushungurudzika kwepfungwa
• Matambudziko ekufamba, senge kudedera uye chirwere chePasinson
• Kujekesa hosha dzakadai seakawanda sclerosis
• Neuro-ophthalmologic hosha, ari matambudziko ekuona anokonzerwa nekukuvara kweiyo optic nerve kana kubatana kwayo kuuropi
• Peripheral nerve zvirwere (neuropathy), iyo inokanganisa tsinga dzinotakura ruzivo kuenda nekubva kuuropi uye musana
• Matambudziko epfungwa, senge schizophrenia
• Matambudziko emusana
• Zvirwere, zvakadai se meningitis
• Kurohwa

Kuongorora uye KUEDZA

Neurologists uye dzimwe nyanzvi dzeeuroscience vanoshandisa bvunzo dzakasarudzika uye matekinoroji ekufungidzira kuti aone mashandiro uye tsinga dziri kushanda.

Pamusoro pekuongororwa kweropa uye weti, bvunzo dzinoitwa kuongorora hutachiona system dzinogona kusanganisira:

• Yakagadzirwa tomography (CT scan)
• Lumbar puncture (musana wepombi) kutarisa hutachiona hwesipinha uye huropi, kana kuyera kumanikidza kwecerebro-spinal fluid (CSF)
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kana magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
• Electroencephalography (EEG) kutarisa chiitiko chehuropi
• Electromyography (EMG) kuyedza nerve uye mhasuru basa
• Electronystagmography (ENG) kutarisa kusanzwisisika kwemaziso, izvo zvinogona kuve chiratidzo chehuropi kusagadzikana
• Kubvisa mikana (kana mhinduro yakabviswa), iyo inotarisa kuti uropi hunopindura sei kurira, kuona, nekubata
• Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
• Myelogram yemuzongoza kuti uongorore kukuvara kwetsinga
• Tsinga conduction velocity (NCV) bvunzo
• Kuongorora kweNeurocognitive (kuongorora kweurouropsychological)
• Polysomnogram kuti uone maitiro anoita uropi panguva yekurara
• Imwe chete photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) uye positron emission tomography (PET) scan kutarisa huro metabolic chiitiko
• Biopsy yeuropi, tsinga, ganda, kana mhasuru kuti uone kana paine dambudziko nehurongwa hwemitsipa

KURAPWA

Neuroradiology ibazi remushonga weurouroscience uyo unotarisa pakuongorora nekurapa matambudziko ehurongwa hwemitsipa.

Kupindira neuroradiology inosanganisira kuisa madiki, anochinjika machubhu anonzi macatheters mumidzi yeropa inotungamira kuuropi. Izvi zvinobvumidza chiremba kurapa kusagadzikana kwemidziyo yeropa iyo inogona kukanganisa system yemitsipa, senge sitiroko.

Kupindira neuroradiology kurapwa kunosanganisira:

• Balloon angioplasty uye kunhuwa kwe carotid kana vertebral arteri
• Endovascular embolization uye coiling kurapa cerebral aneurysms
• Intra-arterial kurapa kwekurohwa
• Radiation oncology yeuropi uye musana
• Tsono biopsies, musana uye zvakapfava zvinyama
• Kyphoplasty uye vertebroplasty kurapa vertebral kutsemuka

Yakavhurika kana yechinyakare neurosurgery inogona kudikanwa mune dzimwe nguva kurapa matambudziko muuropi uye nezvakatenderedza zvivakwa. Uku kumwe kuvhiya kunoparadza kunoda kuti chiremba anovhiya avhure, inonzi craniotomy, mudehenya.

Microsurgery inobvumira chiremba kuti ashande pane zvidiki zvidiki zvehuropi achishandisa maikorosikopu uye zvidiki kwazvo, zviridzwa chaizvo.

Stereotactic radiosurgery inogona kudikanwa kune mamwe marudzi ehurongwa hwehurongwa hwekutyaira. Iyi ndiyo fomu ye radiation radiation iyo inotarisa yakakwira-inofambiswa x-mwenje pane diki nzvimbo yemuviri, nokudaro ichidzivirira kukuvara kune yakakomberedza materu ehuropi.

Kurapa kwezvirwere zvine chekuita nehurongwa kana kusagadzikana kunogona zvakare kusanganisira

• Mishonga, pamwe yakapihwa nemapombi emushonga (senge iwo anoshandiswa kune vanhu vane mhasuru dzakakomba)
• Hwakadzika huropi hunosimudzira
• Spinal tambo kukurudzira
• Kuvandudza / kurapa kwepanyama mushure mekukuvara kwehuropi kana sitiroko
• Kuvhiyiwa kwepamuviri

NDIANI ANOPINDA

Chikwata chekurapa cheeuroscience kazhinji chinogadzirwa nevatapi vehutano kubva kune akasiyana hunyanzvi. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Neurologist - chiremba akawana akawedzera kudzidziswa mukurapa kwehuropi uye husahwira system kusagadzikana
• Vascular chiremba - chiremba uyo akawana mamwe maitiro ekurapa kwekuvhiya kweropa remidziyo kusagadzikana
• Neurosurgeon - chiremba uyo akagamuchira imwezve dzidziso muuropi uye musana kuvhiyiwa
• Neuropsychologist - chiremba anonyatsodzidziswa mukutungamira uye kuturikira bvunzo dzezvekuziva basa rehuropi
• Chiremba wezvekurwadziwa - chiremba akagamuchira kudzidziswa mukurapa kurwadziwa kwakaomarara nemaitiro uye mishonga
• Psychiatrist - chiremba anobata chirwere chehuropi-hunhu nemishonga
• Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa - chiremba anobata mamiriro ehuropi-hunhu nemushonga wekutaura
• Radiologist - chiremba akawana yakawedzera kudzidziswa mukududzira mifananidzo yezvokurapa uye mukuita akasiyana maitiro uchishandisa imaging tekinoroji yakanangana nekurapa huropi uye huta hurongwa
• Neuroscientist - mumwe munhu anoongorora nezvehurongwa hwemitsipa
• Mukoti varapi (NPs)
• Chiremba vabatsiri (PAs)
• Nutritionists kana vezvekudya
• Vanachiremba vekutanga
• Varapi vemuviri, avo vanobatsira nekufamba, simba, chiyero, uye kugadzikana
• Vashandi vekurapa, avo vanobatsira kuchengetedza vanhu kuti vashande zvakanaka mumba uye kubasa
• Kutaura-mutauro varapi, avo vanobatsira nekutaura, mutauro, uye kunzwisisa

Rondedzero iyi haisi yese-inosanganisira.

Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL. Kuongororwa kwechirwere chetsinga. Mune: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology muClinical Dzidzira. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits 1.

Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL. Kuongorora kweLabhoritari mukuongororwa uye manejimendi yechirwere chetsinga. Mune: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology muClinical Dzidzira. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits. 33.

Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL. Manejimendi yechirwere chetsinga. Mune: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SK, eds. Bradley's Neurology muClinical Dzidzira. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chits.

Anocheka D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, et al. Kudzidza tsinga. Mune: Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, et al, eds. Neuroscience. 6th ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2017; chitsauko 1.